【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)作為國民經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)，對國家整個產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展和國民經(jīng)濟的平穩(wěn)運行有著舉足輕重的作用。改革開放以來，我國農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)力水平得到了很大的提升，，但是農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱、農(nóng)村發(fā)展滯后的問題仍然嚴(yán)重。農(nóng)民、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)業(yè)的問題，歸根到底是農(nóng)民收入增長的問題。當(dāng)前，我國農(nóng)民收入水平偏低，與城市居民相比差距仍然很大，而且，還有進一步拉大的趨勢，同時，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式粗放、科技水平低下、農(nóng)民科學(xué)文化素質(zhì)不高，這些都導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民收入增長很不不穩(wěn)定，面臨很大的波動性，加之國民經(jīng)濟增速放緩，人口紅利逐漸喪失，這進一步惡化了農(nóng)民的收入狀況。要想扭轉(zhuǎn)這一趨勢，實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民收入的穩(wěn)定增長，僅僅通過市場的自發(fā)調(diào)節(jié)都是不夠的，必須依靠政府的支持。而財政作為政府宏觀調(diào)控的主要工具之一，不可避免地要承擔(dān)起促進農(nóng)民增收的主要責(zé)任。各國經(jīng)驗紛紛表明，財政支農(nóng)是實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民增收的一個重要手段，對于我國這樣一個城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)非常突出的國家來說，要想實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化、加速農(nóng)民收入的增長，財政支農(nóng)無疑是最直捷、最有效、最得民心的政策之一。近年來，我國財政支農(nóng)力度不斷加大，但是卻難以達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果。無論是在財政支農(nóng)總量、結(jié)構(gòu)還是資金管理方面都存在很多問題。為此，本文將通過定量與定性相結(jié)合的方法，就財政支農(nóng)對農(nóng)民增收的效應(yīng)進行分析，力圖達(dá)到發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題、解決問題的效果。 文章主要內(nèi)容分為以下六個部分：第一部分指出了文章研究的背景和意義，總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究成果，總述了文章主要的研究內(nèi)容、分析方法、研究的創(chuàng)新和不足等；第二部分對與文章相關(guān)的概念和經(jīng)濟理論基礎(chǔ)進行了說明；第三部分運用圖表對我國農(nóng)民收入和財政支農(nóng)的現(xiàn)狀進行了分析；第四部分根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，建立計量模型，就我國財政支農(nóng)對農(nóng)民收入的效應(yīng)進行了研究；第五部分分析了當(dāng)前我國財政支農(nóng)在促進農(nóng)民增收方面存在的問題；第六部分指出了進一步增加我國財政支農(nóng)促進農(nóng)民增收效應(yīng)的對策建議。 文章的主要結(jié)論有：（1）當(dāng)前我國財政支農(nóng)對農(nóng)民增收有一定的拉動作用，尤其是長期來看，這一效應(yīng)更明顯。（2）我國財政支農(nóng)各部分對農(nóng)民增收的效應(yīng)有很大差別。（3）我國財政支農(nóng)存在的問題：總量偏低、結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、管理不規(guī)范、缺乏長效機制、監(jiān)督懲處機制缺位。 根據(jù)以上結(jié)論，文章指出的解決對策有：（1）加大財政支農(nóng)力度，引導(dǎo)資源合理配置（2）優(yōu)化支農(nóng)結(jié)構(gòu)，提高資金使用效率（3）強化管理（4）形成財政支農(nóng)的長效機制（5）強化監(jiān)督監(jiān)察，完善相關(guān)法律
[Abstract]:As the foundation of the national economy, agriculture plays an important role in the development of the whole industry and the smooth operation of the national economy. Since the reform and opening up, the level of rural productivity has been greatly improved, but the agricultural foundation is weak and the rural development lags behind is still serious. The problem of farmers, rural areas and agriculture is, in the final analysis, the problem of increasing farmers' income. At present, the income level of farmers in our country is on the low side, and the gap is still very large compared with the urban residents. Moreover, there is a trend of further widening. At the same time, the agricultural production mode is extensive, the level of science and technology is low, and the scientific and cultural quality of farmers is not high. All of these have led to the unstable growth of farmers' income and the fact that the growth rate of the national economy is slowing and the demographic dividend is gradually losing, which further worsens the income situation of farmers. If we want to reverse this trend and realize the steady growth of farmers' income, it is not enough merely to adjust the market spontaneously, and we must rely on the support of the government. As one of the main tools of government macro-control, finance inevitably bears the main responsibility of increasing farmers' income. The experiences of many countries have shown that financial support for agriculture is an important means to increase farmers' income. For a country with a very prominent urban-rural dual structure, it is necessary to realize the integration of urban and rural areas and accelerate the growth of farmers' income. Financial support for agriculture is undoubtedly one of the most direct, effective and popular policies. In recent years, China's financial support for agriculture has been increasing, but it is difficult to achieve the desired results. There are many problems in the financial support to agriculture, structure and fund management. Therefore, by combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this paper analyzes the effects of financial support on farmers' income, and tries to find problems, analyze problems, and solve problems. The main content of the article is divided into the following six parts: the first part points out the background and significance of the research, summarizes the related research results at home and abroad, summarizes the main research content, analysis methods, innovation and deficiency of the research. The second part explains the concept and economic theory foundation related to the article; the third part analyzes the current situation of farmers' income and financial support for agriculture by using charts; the fourth part establishes the econometric model according to the relevant data. The fifth part analyzes the problems existing in promoting farmers' income. The sixth part points out the countermeasures and suggestions to further increase the financial support for agriculture and increase the farmers' income. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the current financial support for agriculture has a certain pulling effect on farmers' income, especially in the long run. This effect is more obvious. (2) the effect of supporting agriculture on farmers' income is very different. (3) the problems of financial support for agriculture in China are: the total amount is on the low side, the structure is unreasonable, the management is not standard, the mechanism of long-term effect is lacking, and the mechanism of supervision and punishment is absent. According to the above conclusions, the solutions are as follows: (1) to increase the financial support for agriculture, to guide the rational allocation of resources, (2) to optimize the structure of agricultural support, and (3) to strengthen the management and management, and (4) to form a long-term mechanism of financial support for agriculture (5) to strengthen supervision and supervision. Perfecting relevant laws
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.8;F323.8

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本文編號：2219202