發(fā)布時間：2018-06-26 10:33

  本文選題：政府采購 + 法律制度�。� 參考：《武漢大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：政府采購伴隨國家的產(chǎn)生而產(chǎn)生,現(xiàn)代意義上的政府采購制度肇始于18世紀末19世紀初,目前主要發(fā)達國家均已建立了成熟的政府采購制度,一些國際組織也發(fā)布了政府采購的國際性規(guī)則。中國政府采購立法起始于20世紀90年代,目前也建立了一套系統(tǒng)的政府采購制度,但無論是在立法思路、立法模式、價值目標和基本原則上,還是在政府采購的適用范圍、采購方式和程序、監(jiān)督救濟等具體制度上均存在諸多缺陷,致使實踐運行中暴露出諸多問題,嚴重制約政府采購制度目標之達成。在貿(mào)易自由化背景下,政府采購市場國際化也呼吁政府采購立法的國際化,這對我國政府采購的立法完善提出了新的課題和挑戰(zhàn)。為此,本文以“論我國政府采購法律制度的完善”為題,探討中國政府采購法律制度的完善。本文秉承對政府采購的全過程規(guī)制、以多元法律部門協(xié)調(diào)規(guī)制的思路,兼具國內(nèi)法與國際法的雙重視角,綜合運用文獻分析、比較研究、價值分析、規(guī)范分析、歷史分析等研究方法,嘗試提出一套系統(tǒng)科學的政府采購法律制度的完善建議。本文除緒論和結語部分外,主要包括以下五章： 第一章,政府采購與法律規(guī)制。政府采購與法律規(guī)制是否以及如何發(fā)生關聯(lián),是本文首要探討之問題。本章首先解決“什么是政府采購”這一問題,包括政府采購的概念、功能和法律性質等。在此基礎上,分析為什么政府采購需要法律規(guī)制,并分析主要國家及國際組織關于政府采購法律規(guī)制的發(fā)展概況。最后,本章重點立足于中國實踐,分析我國政府采購法律規(guī)制的實踐,指出我國政府采購法律制度實踐運行中面臨的諸多挑戰(zhàn)和困境,并引出我國政府采購法律制度改革之迫切性這一議題。 第二章,重構政府采購立法的總體設計原則。政府采購立法應秉承何種立法思路,采取何種立法模式,政府采購建制的價值目標是什么,應貫徹哪些基本法律原則等,這些都是我國政府采購法律制度完善的基本問題,本章予以探討。本章首先分析當前政府采購的立法思路弊端,進而提出完善政府采購制度的兩大立法思路。其次,本章剖析了我國當前政府采購的立法模式,指出《政府采購法》與《招標投標法》分散立法模式的諸多缺陷,進而提出從分散立法向統(tǒng)一立法模式轉型這一結論性觀點。在此基礎上,本章探討了我國政府采購立法的價值目標和基本原則,提出我國政府采購立法宗旨和基本原則的優(yōu)化建議。本章關于政府采購法律制度的總體設計原則,為后文政府采購制度的具體建構和實踐提供了觀念和價值指引,至為關鍵和重要。 第三章,政府采購的適用范圍。政府采購的適用范圍決定政府采購法律制度的適用范圍和幅度,是政府采購建制與完善之首要問題。本章首先分析關于政府采購適用范圍的國際經(jīng)驗,剖析確定政府采購適用范圍的幾大要素。以此為基礎,本章立足于中國,探討了我國《政府采購法》關于政府采購適用范圍的立法規(guī)定,并分析其中的立法缺陷,提出完善中國政府采購適用范圍制度的建議。按政府采購國際規(guī)制的邏輯,采購主體、采購客體(對象)、采購客體之門檻金額及適用除外等要素一并構成對政府采購適用范圍之界定,其中采購客體之門檻金額系對采購客體的量化,適用除外系對采購客體概括性規(guī)定之例外,均屬于采購客體的范疇。故本章從采購主體和采購客體兩大方面探討政府采購的適用范圍。 第四章,政府采購的方式與程序。政府采購采取何種方式、遵循何種程序,是政府采購建制目的、價值原則得以落實的具體媒介,政府采購的方式與程序也成為政府采購法律制度的核心。本章首先分析關于政府采購方式與程序的國際經(jīng)驗,從中借鑒有益的經(jīng)驗。在此基礎上,以政府采購規(guī)制的國際經(jīng)驗為依據(jù),首先探討了我國關于政府采購方式的立法規(guī)定,并分析其中的立法缺陷,提出完善中國政府采購方式的制度建議。其次,本章探討我國關于政府采購程序的立法規(guī)定,分析其立法缺陷,并提出完善建議。 第五章,政府采購的救濟與監(jiān)督。“無救濟,即無權利”,政府采購的救濟和監(jiān)督是政府采購核心程序之邏輯延伸,救濟和監(jiān)督制度也是政府采購制度的重要一環(huán)。本章以相關國際規(guī)則關于政府采購救濟的立法經(jīng)驗為中國借鑒,分析我國政府采購救濟制度的立法規(guī)定及其缺陷,并提出完善政府采購救濟制度的立法建議。進而,本章探討了我國政府采購監(jiān)督制度的立法規(guī)定,指出其中的立法缺陷,同時提出相應的完善建議。
[Abstract]:Government procurement came into being with the emergence of the state. In the modern sense, the government procurement system began in the late eighteenth Century and early nineteenth Century. At present, the major developed countries have established a mature government procurement system, and some international organizations have also issued the international rules of government procurement. A system of systematic government procurement system has been established. However, there are many defects in the specific system, such as the legislative train of thought, legislative mode, value goal and basic principles, the scope of application of government procurement, procurement methods and procedures, supervision and relief and other specific systems, which exposes many problems in practice and restricts the government procurement system seriously. In the context of trade liberalization, the internationalization of government procurement market also calls for the internationalization of government procurement legislation, which puts forward new challenges and challenges for the legislative perfection of our government procurement. Therefore, this paper, on the topic of "perfecting the legal system of our government procurement", explores the perfection of the legal system of Chinese government procurement. This paper, adhering to the whole process regulation of government procurement, takes the thought of coordinating regulation in multiple legal departments, and has dual perspectives of domestic law and international law, and comprehensively uses literature analysis, comparative research, value analysis, normative analysis and historical analysis, and tries to put forward a set of systematic and scientific suggestions for the perfection of the legal system of government procurement. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the paper consists of the following five chapters.
The first chapter, government procurement and legal regulation. Whether government procurement and legal regulation and how to relate, is the first question in this paper. This chapter first solves the issue of "what is government procurement", including the concept, function and legal nature of government procurement. On this basis, it analyses why government procurement needs legal regulation. In the end, this chapter focuses on the practice of China, analyzes the practice of the legal regulation of government procurement in China, points out the challenges and difficulties faced by the practice of the government procurement legal system in China, and leads to the reform of the legal system of government procurement in China. The urgency of this issue.
The second chapter reconstructs the general design principle of government procurement legislation. What kind of legislative thinking should be taken by government procurement legislation, what kind of legislative model should be adopted, what are the value targets of government procurement and the basic legal principles to be carried out, these are the basic problems in the perfection of our government procurement legal system. This chapter is the first chapter of this chapter. First, it analyzes the drawbacks of the current legislative ideas of government procurement, and then puts forward two legislative ideas to improve the government procurement system. Secondly, this chapter analyzes the legislative mode of the current government procurement in China, points out the shortcomings of the decentralized legislation mode of the "government procurement law" and the "tendering and Bidding Law", and then puts forward the transfer from the decentralized legislation to the unified legislative model. On this basis, this chapter discusses the value objectives and basic principles of the government procurement legislation in China, and puts forward the optimization proposals for the purpose and basic principles of the government procurement legislation. The overall design principles of this chapter on the legal system of government procurement have provided a view of the concrete construction and practice of the post government procurement system. Thinking and value guidance are crucial and important.
The third chapter, the scope of application of government procurement. The scope of the application of government procurement determines the scope and scope of the application of the government procurement legal system. It is the primary problem of the establishment and improvement of government procurement. This chapter first analyzes the international experience on the scope of government procurement, and analyzes several important elements to determine the scope of government procurement. This chapter, based on China, discusses the legislative provisions of the government procurement law on the scope of the application of government procurement in China, and analyzes the legislative defects in it, and puts forward some suggestions to improve the system of the scope of application of the government procurement. The other elements constitute the definition of the scope of the application of government procurement, in which the threshold amount of the object of procurement is quantified for the object of procurement, and the exceptions to the general purchase object are applicable to the object of procurement. Therefore, the scope of the application of government procurement is discussed in this chapter from two aspects of the procurement subject and the object of procurement.
The fourth chapter, the way and procedure of government procurement. What mode of government procurement to follow is the specific medium for the purpose of the government procurement and the implementation of the principle of value. The mode and procedure of government procurement also become the core of the legal system of government procurement. On the basis of this, based on the international experience of government procurement regulation, this paper first discusses the legislative provisions on the mode of government procurement in our country, and analyzes the legislative defects in it, and puts forward the institutional suggestions for improving the way of Chinese government procurement. Secondly, this chapter discusses the legislative provisions on the procedure of government procurement in our country, This paper analyzes its legislative defects and puts forward some suggestions.
The fifth chapter, the relief and supervision of government procurement, "no relief, that is, no right", the relief and supervision of government procurement is the logical extension of the core procedures of government procurement, and the relief and supervision system is also an important part of the government procurement system. The legislative provisions and defects of the government procurement relief system and the legislative proposals to improve the government procurement relief system are put forward. Then, this chapter discusses the legislative provisions of the government procurement supervision system in our country, points out the legislative defects and puts forward the corresponding suggestions.
【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.2

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本文編號：2070092