本文選題：財(cái)政扶貧資金 + 分配扭曲��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放后,我國(guó)加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,積極施行扶貧政策,我國(guó)的扶貧事業(yè)初見成效。在此過程中,作為扶貧政策載體的財(cái)政扶貧資金發(fā)揮了重要作用�！笆濉睍r(shí)期,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)的目標(biāo),政府提出了 “精準(zhǔn)扶貧”的階段性要求,明確提出要轉(zhuǎn)變以往“鋪排式”、“面狀”的傳統(tǒng)扶貧模式,形成精細(xì)化的扶貧思想和權(quán)責(zé)明確、管理規(guī)范、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)高效、信息對(duì)稱的精準(zhǔn)扶貧工作機(jī)制,這就對(duì)財(cái)政扶貧資金的分配機(jī)制和分配準(zhǔn)度提出了更高的要求。然而近年來,學(xué)者們發(fā)現(xiàn),在貧困地區(qū)內(nèi)部,財(cái)政扶貧資金分配存在著不準(zhǔn)確、不公平、不正義的扭曲的現(xiàn)象,雖然這種現(xiàn)象僅是局部的、小范圍的,但在這些鄉(xiāng)村內(nèi)部,本該由真正貧困人群享有的財(cái)政扶貧資金被少數(shù)政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勢(shì)群體所占有,這使財(cái)政扶貧資金分配與扶貧初始目標(biāo)相偏離。在這樣的背景下,學(xué)界沿著財(cái)政扶貧資金分配的方向深入探索,由宏觀逐漸走向微觀。研究顯示,雖然我國(guó)扶貧資金分配不斷強(qiáng)化著目標(biāo)瞄準(zhǔn),瞄準(zhǔn)對(duì)象“從縣到村”不斷完善,但從結(jié)果評(píng)估來看,扶貧資源分配偏移目標(biāo)群體的困境卻未能徹底改善。一些學(xué)者提出我國(guó)扶貧瞄準(zhǔn)并非單純陷入技術(shù)困境,而是面臨著更深層的治理困境。當(dāng)“貧困”被異化成“稀缺資源”,扶貧資源分配就成了一種治理悖論。基于此,本文將扶貧分配置于鄉(xiāng)村治理環(huán)節(jié)中,將研究的“觸角”探入這部分鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì),以微觀聚焦的方式探查扶貧工作。借助應(yīng)實(shí)然對(duì)比分析的科學(xué)方法,在對(duì)扶貧分配中政府、個(gè)體等治理關(guān)系梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,從政府制度俘獲、個(gè)體精英俘獲與相互作用中尋租三個(gè)角度,對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村財(cái)政扶貧資金分配中的扭曲現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行描述和歸納,并發(fā)現(xiàn)了資金分配發(fā)生扭曲涉及的三個(gè)層次。根據(jù)橫向上涉及的三方主體和縱向上涉及的三個(gè)層次,構(gòu)建了立體的矯正設(shè)計(jì)思維模型,為糾正財(cái)政扶貧資金鄉(xiāng)村分配的偏差,提供了較為完整的思路和對(duì)策。具體而言,將貧困地區(qū)內(nèi)部各個(gè)層級(jí)進(jìn)行剝離,闡釋了現(xiàn)階段扶貧村內(nèi)部分層和部分人員角色嬗變的狀況,隨后深刻挖掘這三種扭曲問題的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制、產(chǎn)生條件和誘發(fā)因素,繼而從三個(gè)維度進(jìn)行梳理和探討。本文將研究重點(diǎn)放在了扶貧資金分配扭曲的矯正上,重點(diǎn)研究扶貧工作中規(guī)制俘獲、精英俘獲和尋租俘獲的矯正,逐一提出了對(duì)應(yīng)的矯正設(shè)計(jì),并環(huán)環(huán)相扣進(jìn)行論證,最終得出結(jié)論,期望以此推進(jìn)扶貧資金分配的公平、正義和精確。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, our country accelerates the economic development, carries out the poverty alleviation policy actively, our country's poverty alleviation cause is beginning to bear fruit. In this process, as a carrier of poverty-alleviation policy, financial poverty-alleviation funds have played an important role. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, in order to achieve the goal of building a well-to-do society in an all-round way, the government put forward the stage requirement of "precision poverty alleviation" and clearly proposed to change the traditional poverty alleviation model of "laying out" and "surfacing" in the past. To form a precise poverty alleviation mechanism with precise thinking, clear powers and responsibilities, standardized management, efficient operation and symmetrical information, it puts forward higher requirements for the allocation mechanism and allocation accuracy of financial poverty alleviation funds. However, in recent years, scholars have found that the distribution of financial poverty alleviation funds in poor areas is distorted by inaccuracies, unfairness and injustice, although this phenomenon is only partial and small, but within these villages, The financial poverty alleviation funds which should be enjoyed by the real poor people are occupied by a few powerful political and economic groups, which makes the allocation of financial poverty alleviation funds deviate from the initial goal of poverty alleviation. In this context, the academic circles along the direction of financial poverty-alleviation fund allocation in-depth exploration, from macro to micro-level gradually. The research shows that although the allocation of poverty alleviation funds in China is constantly strengthening the target and the target is "from county to village", the plight of the target group of poverty alleviation resource allocation is not completely improved from the evaluation of the results. Some scholars have pointed out that the aim of poverty alleviation in China is not simply to fall into a technical dilemma, but to face a deeper governance dilemma. When "poverty" is alienated into "scarce resources", the allocation of poverty alleviation resources becomes a paradox of governance. Based on this, this paper puts the poverty alleviation distribution in the rural governance, explores the "tentacles" of the research into this part of the rural society, and probes into the poverty alleviation work in a micro-focused way. On the basis of combing the governance relationship between government and individual in the distribution of poverty alleviation, by means of the scientific method that should be compared and analyzed, from three angles of government system capture, individual elite capture and rent-seeking in the interaction, This paper describes and sums up the distorted situation in the distribution of poverty alleviation funds in rural finance, and finds out the three levels involved in the distortion of the distribution of funds. According to the three levels involved in the horizontal and vertical aspects, this paper constructs a three-dimensional thinking model of orthodontic design, which provides a more complete train of thought and countermeasures for correcting the deviation of the rural distribution of financial poverty alleviation funds. In particular, the various levels within the poverty-stricken areas are stripped, explaining the evolution of the roles of some layers and some people in the poverty-stricken villages at the present stage, and then digging deeply into the generation mechanism, conditions and inducing factors of these three kinds of distorted problems. Then from three dimensions to comb and explore. This paper focuses on the correction of the distortion of the distribution of poverty alleviation funds, and focuses on the correction of capture, elite capture and rent-seeking capture in the work of poverty alleviation, and puts forward the corresponding correction design one by one, and proves it from one to the next. The final conclusion is expected to promote equity, justice and accuracy in the distribution of poverty relief funds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F812.8;F323.8

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本文編號(hào)：2052305