發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-10 05:31

  本文選題：民生支出 + 收入分配　； 參考：《新疆財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展，人民生活水平不斷提高，但收入差距卻不斷拉大。1978年新疆城鄉(xiāng)人均絕對(duì)收入差距200元，而2012年城鄉(xiāng)人均絕對(duì)差距11527元，三十多年間城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大了57.635倍。收入分配差距過(guò)大將會(huì)帶來(lái)一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題和社會(huì)問(wèn)題。為此，中央及各級(jí)政府部門(mén)應(yīng)當(dāng)高度重視收入分配公平問(wèn)題。政府利用稅收杠桿從高收入者手中獲得收入，然后通過(guò)財(cái)政支出轉(zhuǎn)移給低收入者，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)分配的公平。在財(cái)政支出過(guò)程中，通過(guò)擴(kuò)大支出規(guī)模，優(yōu)化支出結(jié)構(gòu)，合理配置資源，有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)財(cái)政支出效益最大化。民生支出是財(cái)政支出的重要構(gòu)成部分，也是公共財(cái)政的本質(zhì)的體現(xiàn)，研究民生支出對(duì)于改善人民生活更具有針對(duì)性。因此，通過(guò)實(shí)證分析新疆民生支出的收入分配效應(yīng)的分析對(duì)于“縮小收入差距，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)公平”這一宏觀目標(biāo)具有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文基于以上考慮，共分五個(gè)部分，借鑒其他學(xué)者的研究，通過(guò)實(shí)證模型分析民生支出對(duì)收入分配的影響。第一部分簡(jiǎn)述了研究背景、意義、方法、框架、重點(diǎn)、創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)；第二部分首先明確民生支出概念，介紹收入分配基礎(chǔ)理論，引出民生支出對(duì)收入分配的作用機(jī)理；第三部分根據(jù)目前新疆收入現(xiàn)狀，分析城鄉(xiāng)間、區(qū)域間的收入差距以及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；第四部分，，從民生支出規(guī)模和結(jié)構(gòu)兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析，通過(guò)STR模型分析民生支出規(guī)模對(duì)收入差距的影響，研究當(dāng)下的階段新疆民生投入規(guī)模上升空間，通過(guò)灰色關(guān)聯(lián)模型測(cè)度民生支出結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距、農(nóng)村居民收入和城鎮(zhèn)居民收入的影響程度；第五部分，根據(jù)實(shí)證分析得出新疆民生支出對(duì)收入分配的影響效應(yīng)結(jié)論，并提出與縮小收入差距，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)公平目標(biāo)相應(yīng)的財(cái)政對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economy of Xinjiang has developed rapidly and the standard of living of the people has been continuously improved, but the income gap has been widening. In 1978, the gap between urban and rural per capita absolute income in Xinjiang was 200 yuan, while in 2012, the absolute gap between urban and rural per capita was 11527 yuan. The income gap between urban and rural areas has widened by 57.635 times in more than 30 years. Excessive income distribution gap will bring a series of economic and social problems. To this end, the central and government departments at all levels should attach great importance to the issue of income distribution equity. The government takes advantage of the tax lever to obtain income from the high income earners and then transfers it to the low income group through fiscal expenditure to realize the fairness of social distribution. In the process of fiscal expenditure, it is beneficial to maximize the benefit of fiscal expenditure by expanding the scale of expenditure, optimizing the structure of expenditure and allocating resources rationally. People's livelihood expenditure is an important component of financial expenditure, and it is also the embodiment of the essence of public finance. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze the income distribution effect of people's livelihood expenditure in Xinjiang for the macro goal of "narrowing the income gap and realizing social equity". It is divided into five parts to analyze the influence of people's livelihood expenditure on income distribution through empirical model. The first part briefly describes the research background, significance, method, framework, emphasis, innovation; the second part defines the concept of people's livelihood expenditure, introduces the basic theory of income distribution, and leads to the mechanism of the livelihood expenditure on income distribution. The third part, according to the current income situation in Xinjiang, analyzes the income gap and development trend between urban and rural areas, the fourth part, from the two aspects of the scale and structure of people's livelihood expenditure empirical analysis, Through STR model to analyze the impact of people's livelihood expenditure scale on income gap, study the current stage of Xinjiang people's livelihood investment scale rising space, through gray correlation model to measure the urban and rural income gap of the structure of expenditure on people's livelihood. The fifth part, according to the empirical analysis, draws the conclusion that the Xinjiang people's livelihood expenditure affects the income distribution, and puts forward and reduces the income gap. The corresponding financial countermeasures and suggestions to realize the goal of social equity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F812.45

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本文編號(hào)：2002139