本文關(guān)鍵詞： 代際收入彈性 地方財政支出 微觀機制　出處：《廈門大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以代際收入彈性為研究對象,考察地方財政開支是否有助于降低代際收入彈性。實證部分發(fā)現(xiàn)中國地方政府的財政開支事實上會提高代際收入彈性。這說明我們的財政支出并未很好地幫助貧窮人群擺脫預(yù)算約束的限制,窮人無法獲取向上流動的機會。為了解釋這一反常的實證結(jié)論,本文從中國社會的微觀層面特征入手展開分析。首先,教育市場存在教育質(zhì)量有明顯優(yōu)勢的重點學(xué)校。本文針對此現(xiàn)象構(gòu)建模型,說明如果財政支持向重點學(xué)校傾斜,那么此類學(xué)校的預(yù)算約束會被放松,從而推高相對失學(xué)率。其次,家庭收入狀況是私人信息。信息不對稱問題使得政府無法準確將財政補貼定位于貧困群體,這將導(dǎo)致無意的逆向財政支持。最后,為追求快速晉升,地方政府官員有足夠的政治激勵,實施直接補貼高產(chǎn)出人才的政策,這將導(dǎo)致有意的逆向財政補貼。這些微觀層面的特征從不同的渠道產(chǎn)生共同作用,使得財政開支降低代際流動性。相比已有文獻,本文的貢獻在于從靜態(tài)的觀察中國收入分配的現(xiàn)狀,轉(zhuǎn)到摸索收入分配狀況的動態(tài)演化規(guī)律；從僅僅利用各種微觀調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)測算代際收入彈性,轉(zhuǎn)到分析代際流動性的影響因素,如本文研究的地方政府開支；從簡單找到影響代際流動性的因素,轉(zhuǎn)到發(fā)現(xiàn)該因素產(chǎn)生影響的關(guān)鍵路徑和作用機制,如教育市場的預(yù)算約束、家庭收入的信息不對稱以及追求晉升的政治激勵。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the intergenerational income elasticity as the research object. The empirical results show that the fiscal expenditure of local governments in China will actually increase the intergenerational income elasticity. This shows that our fiscal expenditure does not help the poor very well. Poor people get rid of budget constraints, In order to explain this anomalous empirical conclusion, this paper analyzes the microcosmic characteristics of Chinese society. In the education market, there are key schools with obvious advantages in the quality of education. This paper constructs a model to illustrate that if the financial support is inclined to the key schools, then the budgetary constraints of such schools will be relaxed. This pushes up the relative dropout rate. Secondly, household income is private information. Information asymmetries prevent the government from accurately targeting fiscal subsidies to the poor, which leads to unintentional reverse financial support. In pursuit of rapid promotion, local government officials have sufficient political incentives to implement policies that directly subsidize highly productive personnel, which will lead to deliberate reverse financial subsidies. These micro-level characteristics work together from different channels. Compared with the existing literature, the contribution of this paper lies in the static observation of the current situation of income distribution in China, to explore the dynamic evolution of income distribution; From measuring intergenerational income elasticity by using only a variety of micro-survey data, to analyze the influencing factors of intergenerational mobility, such as the local government expenditure studied in this paper, to find out the factors that affect intergenerational mobility. Turn to the key pathways and mechanisms to discover the impact of this factor, such as budgetary constraints in the education market, information asymmetry in household income, and political incentives for promotion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45;F124.7

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本文編號：1518561