鄱陽湖國家濕地公園的開發(fā)和保護對周邊社區(qū)利益的影響及對策研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-23 17:06
【摘要】：隨著國家對濕地資源的重視和保護力度的增強，濕地公園成為濕地保護體系的重要組成部分。但是，濕地公園的開發(fā)和保護在給周邊社區(qū)帶來益處的同時也使社區(qū)的發(fā)展受到一定的限制。因此，濕地公園的開發(fā)和保護必須強調(diào)保護周邊社區(qū)的利益，處理好濕地公園與周邊社區(qū)的關系是對濕地公園進行有利開發(fā)和有效保護的重要前提。 本文以鄱陽湖國家濕地公園及其周邊社區(qū)為研究對象，運用外部性、利益相關者、可持續(xù)發(fā)展等理論，通過實地訪談和問卷調(diào)查法獲取濕地公園對周邊社區(qū)的影響因素、社區(qū)居民對濕地公園開發(fā)和保護的態(tài)度和意愿的數(shù)據(jù)，然后運用SPSS軟件對所得數(shù)據(jù)進行因子分析、單因素方差分析以及其他統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果表明：①濕地公園對周邊社區(qū)利益的影響有六大主因子，分別為就業(yè)因子、居住條件因子、精神財富因子、征地影響因子、旅游開發(fā)因子、資源綜合利用因子。其中社區(qū)居民敏感度最高的因子是就業(yè)因子，居住條件因子次之，社區(qū)居民最不敏感的因子是資源綜合利用因子；②性別差異對主因子1（就業(yè)因子）的選擇存在顯著性影響，家庭人均年收入差異對主因子4（征地影響因子）的選擇存在顯著性影響，，年齡差異對居民參與濕地公園工作意愿（以下簡稱“參與意愿”）的選擇有顯著性影響，受教育程度差異對參與意愿和自主經(jīng)營意愿的選擇有顯著性影響，家庭人均年收入差異對自主經(jīng)營意愿存在顯著性影響。 本文在以上分析結(jié)果的基礎上，提出了以下對策建議：①對愿意參與到濕地公園相關工作中來的社區(qū)居民進行技能培訓、提供就業(yè)機會；②完善對被征地居民的利益補償；③給有較好經(jīng)濟實力及管理能力的家庭提供自主經(jīng)營項目，給予政策支持；④在關注社區(qū)需求的基礎上實行社區(qū)共管。
[Abstract]:With the national attention and protection of wetland resources, wetland park has become an important part of wetland protection system. However, the development and protection of wetland parks not only bring benefits to the surrounding communities, but also limit the development of the communities. Therefore, the development and protection of the wetland park must emphasize the protection of the interests of the surrounding communities, and handling the relationship between the wetland park and the surrounding communities is an important prerequisite for the beneficial development and effective protection of the wetland park. This paper takes Poyang Lake National Wetland Park and its surrounding communities as the research object, using the theories of externality, stakeholders, sustainable development and so on, obtains the influencing factors of the wetland park to the surrounding communities through field interviews and questionnaires. The data of community residents' attitude and willingness to wetland park development and protection were analyzed by factor analysis, single factor variance analysis and other statistical analysis using SPSS software. The results showed that: 1 Wetland park has six main factors on the interests of surrounding communities, which are employment factor, living condition factor, spiritual wealth factor, land expropriation factor, tourism development factor and comprehensive utilization factor of resources. Among them, the most sensitive factor of community residents is employment factor, the second factor is living condition factor, the least sensitive factor of community residents is the factor of comprehensive utilization of resources. (2) gender difference had a significant influence on the choice of main factor 1 (employment factor), and the difference of household income per capita had a significant influence on the choice of principal factor 4 (land expropriation factor). Age difference had significant influence on the choice of residents' willingness to participate in wetland park work (hereinafter referred to as "participation intention"), and the difference of education level had significant influence on the choice of participation will and independent management willingness. The difference of household income per capita has a significant effect on the willingness to operate autonomously. On the basis of the above analysis results, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: (1) skills training for community residents who are willing to participate in the relevant work of wetland parks, 2) improving the compensation for the interests of the residents who have been expropriated, and (3) providing employment opportunities for the residents who are willing to participate in the relevant work in the wetland park. (3) providing self-management projects and policy support to families with better economic strength and management ability, and (4) implementing community co-management on the basis of paying attention to the needs of the community.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.7;TU986.5
本文編號：2414028
[Abstract]:With the national attention and protection of wetland resources, wetland park has become an important part of wetland protection system. However, the development and protection of wetland parks not only bring benefits to the surrounding communities, but also limit the development of the communities. Therefore, the development and protection of the wetland park must emphasize the protection of the interests of the surrounding communities, and handling the relationship between the wetland park and the surrounding communities is an important prerequisite for the beneficial development and effective protection of the wetland park. This paper takes Poyang Lake National Wetland Park and its surrounding communities as the research object, using the theories of externality, stakeholders, sustainable development and so on, obtains the influencing factors of the wetland park to the surrounding communities through field interviews and questionnaires. The data of community residents' attitude and willingness to wetland park development and protection were analyzed by factor analysis, single factor variance analysis and other statistical analysis using SPSS software. The results showed that: 1 Wetland park has six main factors on the interests of surrounding communities, which are employment factor, living condition factor, spiritual wealth factor, land expropriation factor, tourism development factor and comprehensive utilization factor of resources. Among them, the most sensitive factor of community residents is employment factor, the second factor is living condition factor, the least sensitive factor of community residents is the factor of comprehensive utilization of resources. (2) gender difference had a significant influence on the choice of main factor 1 (employment factor), and the difference of household income per capita had a significant influence on the choice of principal factor 4 (land expropriation factor). Age difference had significant influence on the choice of residents' willingness to participate in wetland park work (hereinafter referred to as "participation intention"), and the difference of education level had significant influence on the choice of participation will and independent management willingness. The difference of household income per capita has a significant effect on the willingness to operate autonomously. On the basis of the above analysis results, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: (1) skills training for community residents who are willing to participate in the relevant work of wetland parks, 2) improving the compensation for the interests of the residents who have been expropriated, and (3) providing employment opportunities for the residents who are willing to participate in the relevant work in the wetland park. (3) providing self-management projects and policy support to families with better economic strength and management ability, and (4) implementing community co-management on the basis of paying attention to the needs of the community.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.7;TU986.5
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