基于GIS的中部六省旅游氣候舒適度研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-01 18:41
【摘要】：中部地區(qū)地處我國內(nèi)陸腹地,主要分布于東部季風(fēng)區(qū)范圍內(nèi),其縱跨中溫帶、暖溫帶和亞熱帶三個(gè)溫度帶,氣候特征隨時(shí)空變化十分顯著。此外多樣的自然風(fēng)光與人文遺產(chǎn)造就了中部地區(qū)眾多優(yōu)質(zhì)旅游資源,伴隨著旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,氣候狀況的變化對(duì)旅游活動(dòng)的影響愈加顯著,因此利用ArcGIS技術(shù)研究中部地區(qū)旅游氣候舒適度的時(shí)空分布特征,旨在為豐富中部地區(qū)旅游產(chǎn)品,促進(jìn)景區(qū)管理能力的提升,和為游客獲得更優(yōu)質(zhì)的旅游體驗(yàn)等提供一定的理論依據(jù)。本文基于ArcGIS技術(shù)的支持,結(jié)合氣候舒適度評(píng)價(jià)方法和綜合旅游氣候舒適度模型,以中部地區(qū)六省為研究區(qū)域,分析該地區(qū)旅游氣候舒適度的時(shí)空變化特征。本研究利用中部地區(qū)88個(gè)氣象臺(tái)站近40年來(1971-2010年)的月均氣候資料(包含月均氣溫、月均風(fēng)速、月均相對(duì)濕度和月均日照時(shí)數(shù)),分析得出研究區(qū)省會(huì)城市氣候要素的年內(nèi)變化特征,并結(jié)合中部地區(qū)30m×30m的數(shù)字高程模型(DEM)數(shù)據(jù),在ArcGIS空間柵格運(yùn)算支持下,通過普通克里格法分別對(duì)以上四個(gè)氣候因子進(jìn)行空間插值,獲得中部六省各氣候因子的空間分布柵格圖,并對(duì)研究區(qū)各季節(jié)旅游氣候舒適度要素的空間變化進(jìn)行分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合氣候舒適度評(píng)價(jià)方法疊加運(yùn)算得出溫濕指數(shù)、風(fēng)效指數(shù)和著衣指數(shù)的空間分布圖,最后由綜合旅游氣候舒適度模型探究旅游適宜期,并嘗試對(duì)研究區(qū)開展旅游氣候區(qū)劃,以此來分析近40年來中部地區(qū)旅游氣候舒適度的時(shí)空變化特征。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)中部地區(qū)六省年內(nèi)各月月均溫及相對(duì)濕度的空間分布總體表現(xiàn)為自高緯向低緯地區(qū)遞增的變化規(guī)律,而風(fēng)速和日照時(shí)數(shù)的分布規(guī)律則相反。(2)溫濕指數(shù)、風(fēng)效指數(shù)和著衣指數(shù)的各月舒適性空間分布存在較大差異,表現(xiàn)為風(fēng)效指數(shù)相對(duì)于氣候因子的變化反應(yīng)較另兩個(gè)指數(shù)要滯后。(3)中部地區(qū)各地旅游氣候適宜性在一年中的變化主要呈M型變化趨勢(shì),春、秋兩季六省氣候舒適性較高,冬、夏兩季較低。(4)春、秋二季中部地區(qū)旅游氣候區(qū)劃具有極高相似性,冬、夏兩季區(qū)劃則表現(xiàn)出明顯的緯向帶狀分布規(guī)律。本文共分為五部分：1、緒論。主要介紹“旅游氣候舒適度”的研究背景、國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究進(jìn)展及本研究的內(nèi)容、技術(shù)路線和論文的特色與創(chuàng)新之處。2、研究區(qū)概況。主要對(duì)本次研究區(qū)域中部地區(qū)六省的自然地理概況(地理位置、地形地貌特征、氣候特征)和近五年來旅游業(yè)發(fā)展概況進(jìn)行介紹。3、數(shù)據(jù)來源與研究方法。主要對(duì)本研究所需數(shù)據(jù),即1971-2010年間各氣候因子數(shù)據(jù)和88個(gè)氣象臺(tái)站的選擇與確定,以及中部六省數(shù)字高程模型(DEM)的獲取進(jìn)行介紹,同時(shí)對(duì)本文所需的模型與方法進(jìn)行陳述。4、實(shí)證研究。集中于本文第四、五、六章,分別對(duì)應(yīng)為①旅游氣候舒適度相關(guān)要素分析。以氣溫、相對(duì)濕度、日照時(shí)數(shù)和風(fēng)速這四個(gè)旅游氣候舒適度氣候因子為研究對(duì)象,探究中部六省各氣候因子近40年來的年內(nèi)變化趨勢(shì)及各月空間分布特征。②旅游氣候舒適度空間分布規(guī)律分析。探索中部六省溫濕指數(shù)、風(fēng)效指數(shù)和著衣指數(shù)的各月空間分布規(guī)律和變化特征。③氣候舒適度背景下的旅游氣候區(qū)劃。結(jié)合綜合旅游氣候舒適度模型確定中部地區(qū)各地的旅游適宜性、旅游適宜期,根據(jù)旅游適宜性類別對(duì)中部六省進(jìn)行旅游氣候區(qū)劃。5、結(jié)論與展望。對(duì)本文的結(jié)論、不足與展望進(jìn)行說明。
[Abstract]:The central region is located in the inland hinterland of our country, mainly distributed in the eastern monsoon area, which has three temperature zones in the middle temperate zone, warm temperate zone and subtropical zone. The climatic characteristics vary greatly with the time and space. In addition, the diversity of natural scenery and cultural heritage has created many excellent tourism resources in the central region, accompanied by the rapid development of tourism industry. The change of weather conditions has more significant impact on tourism activities, so using ArcGIS technology to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the comfort degree of tourism climate in the central region is designed to provide a theoretical basis for enriching the tourism products in the central region, promoting the promotion of the management ability of the scenic spots, and providing a better tourist experience for tourists. With the support of ArcGIS technology, combined with the climate comfort evaluation method and the comprehensive tourism climate comfort model, six provinces in the central region were used as the research areas to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the tourist climate comfort in this area. The monthly average temperature of the 88 meteorological stations in the central region (including monthly average temperature, 1971-2010 years) was used in this study. The monthly mean wind speed, the monthly mean relative humidity and the monthly average sunshine hours are analyzed, and the annual variation characteristics of the climatic factors in the provincial capital city of the study area are analyzed. Combined with the data of the digital elevation model (DEM) of 30m x 30m in the central region, under the support of the ArcGIS space grid operation, the above four climatic factors are interpolated by the ordinary Kerrey lattice method. The spatial distribution grid of the climate factors of the six provinces in the central region was obtained, and the spatial variation of the climatic comfort factors of each season in the study area was analyzed. On this basis, the spatial distribution map of the temperature and humidity index, the wind efficiency index and the clothing index were obtained by the superposition calculation of the climate comfort evaluation method. Finally, the climate comfort degree model of the comprehensive tourism climate was made. In order to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of tourism climate comfort in the central region for the last 40 years, it is found that: (1) the spatial distribution of the average temperature and relative humidity in the six provinces in the middle of the middle of the year is the increasing variation of the self high latitude and low latitude regions. The distribution of wind speed and sunshine time is the opposite. (2) there is a great difference between temperature and humidity index, wind efficiency index and clothing index in each month, which shows that the response of wind efficiency index to climate factor is lagging behind the other two indexes. (3) the variation of tourism climate suitability in the middle of the region is mainly in one year. The climate of the six provinces in spring, autumn and two quarter is more comfortable, and the winter and the summer and the two quarter are lower in spring and autumn two. (4) the climatic zoning in the central region of the central region of spring, autumn and two season has a very high similarity, and the zonal zonal distribution of winter and summer two seasons is obvious. The paper is divided into five parts: 1, introduction. The study mainly introduces the study of "tourism climate comfort". Background, the relevant research progress at home and abroad, the content of this study, the characteristics and innovation of the technical route and paper,.2, the general situation of the research area, mainly introduce the general situation of the six provinces in the central region of the region (geographical location, topographic and geomorphic features, climate characteristics) and the general situation of tourism development in the last five years, and the data sources and the data sources Research methods, mainly the data required for this study, that is, the selection and determination of the climate factor data and the 88 meteorological stations in 1971-2010 years, and the acquisition of the digital elevation model (DEM) in the six provinces in the middle part of the paper. At the same time, the models and methods needed in this paper are stated.4, and the evidence is studied in this paper, which are concentrated in the fourth, fifth and six chapters of this paper. In order to analyze the factors related to the climate comfort of tourism, four climatic factors of climate comfort, such as temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hours and wind speed, are studied. The change trend and spatial distribution characteristics of each climate factor in the last 40 years in the six provinces of central China are explored. The spatial distribution and change characteristics of the monthly temperature and humidity index, the wind efficiency index and the clothing index in the six provinces. 3. The tourist climate zoning under the climate comfort background, combined with the comprehensive tourism climate comfort model to determine the tourist suitability in all parts of the central region, the tourist suitability period and the tourism climate in the six provinces of central China according to the suitability of travel travel. Zoning.5, conclusions and prospects. The conclusions, shortcomings and prospects of this paper are explained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P463;F592.7
本文編號(hào)：2158488
[Abstract]:The central region is located in the inland hinterland of our country, mainly distributed in the eastern monsoon area, which has three temperature zones in the middle temperate zone, warm temperate zone and subtropical zone. The climatic characteristics vary greatly with the time and space. In addition, the diversity of natural scenery and cultural heritage has created many excellent tourism resources in the central region, accompanied by the rapid development of tourism industry. The change of weather conditions has more significant impact on tourism activities, so using ArcGIS technology to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the comfort degree of tourism climate in the central region is designed to provide a theoretical basis for enriching the tourism products in the central region, promoting the promotion of the management ability of the scenic spots, and providing a better tourist experience for tourists. With the support of ArcGIS technology, combined with the climate comfort evaluation method and the comprehensive tourism climate comfort model, six provinces in the central region were used as the research areas to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the tourist climate comfort in this area. The monthly average temperature of the 88 meteorological stations in the central region (including monthly average temperature, 1971-2010 years) was used in this study. The monthly mean wind speed, the monthly mean relative humidity and the monthly average sunshine hours are analyzed, and the annual variation characteristics of the climatic factors in the provincial capital city of the study area are analyzed. Combined with the data of the digital elevation model (DEM) of 30m x 30m in the central region, under the support of the ArcGIS space grid operation, the above four climatic factors are interpolated by the ordinary Kerrey lattice method. The spatial distribution grid of the climate factors of the six provinces in the central region was obtained, and the spatial variation of the climatic comfort factors of each season in the study area was analyzed. On this basis, the spatial distribution map of the temperature and humidity index, the wind efficiency index and the clothing index were obtained by the superposition calculation of the climate comfort evaluation method. Finally, the climate comfort degree model of the comprehensive tourism climate was made. In order to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of tourism climate comfort in the central region for the last 40 years, it is found that: (1) the spatial distribution of the average temperature and relative humidity in the six provinces in the middle of the middle of the year is the increasing variation of the self high latitude and low latitude regions. The distribution of wind speed and sunshine time is the opposite. (2) there is a great difference between temperature and humidity index, wind efficiency index and clothing index in each month, which shows that the response of wind efficiency index to climate factor is lagging behind the other two indexes. (3) the variation of tourism climate suitability in the middle of the region is mainly in one year. The climate of the six provinces in spring, autumn and two quarter is more comfortable, and the winter and the summer and the two quarter are lower in spring and autumn two. (4) the climatic zoning in the central region of the central region of spring, autumn and two season has a very high similarity, and the zonal zonal distribution of winter and summer two seasons is obvious. The paper is divided into five parts: 1, introduction. The study mainly introduces the study of "tourism climate comfort". Background, the relevant research progress at home and abroad, the content of this study, the characteristics and innovation of the technical route and paper,.2, the general situation of the research area, mainly introduce the general situation of the six provinces in the central region of the region (geographical location, topographic and geomorphic features, climate characteristics) and the general situation of tourism development in the last five years, and the data sources and the data sources Research methods, mainly the data required for this study, that is, the selection and determination of the climate factor data and the 88 meteorological stations in 1971-2010 years, and the acquisition of the digital elevation model (DEM) in the six provinces in the middle part of the paper. At the same time, the models and methods needed in this paper are stated.4, and the evidence is studied in this paper, which are concentrated in the fourth, fifth and six chapters of this paper. In order to analyze the factors related to the climate comfort of tourism, four climatic factors of climate comfort, such as temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hours and wind speed, are studied. The change trend and spatial distribution characteristics of each climate factor in the last 40 years in the six provinces of central China are explored. The spatial distribution and change characteristics of the monthly temperature and humidity index, the wind efficiency index and the clothing index in the six provinces. 3. The tourist climate zoning under the climate comfort background, combined with the comprehensive tourism climate comfort model to determine the tourist suitability in all parts of the central region, the tourist suitability period and the tourism climate in the six provinces of central China according to the suitability of travel travel. Zoning.5, conclusions and prospects. The conclusions, shortcomings and prospects of this paper are explained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P463;F592.7
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