本文關(guān)鍵詞： 旅游市場 信息不對稱 模型分析　出處：《天津財經(jīng)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,居民的收入增多,消費水平也得到顯著的增強,人們對休閑生活更加親睞,旅游業(yè)因此蓬勃發(fā)展并成為地方經(jīng)濟的重要產(chǎn)業(yè),但信息不對稱問題卻存在于旅游業(yè)的方方面面。旅游市場信息不對稱是指旅游市場交易過程中交易雙方所擁有的信息數(shù)量不等,單從旅行社是信息優(yōu)勢方的角度分析旅游市場信息不對稱是不夠的,必須考慮到游客也可以是信息優(yōu)勢方。在旅行社處于信息優(yōu)勢一方時,處于委托人地位的游客對產(chǎn)品信息的獲取極為有限,游客不清楚產(chǎn)品信息,處于代理人地位的旅行社就可能利用游客不知道的私人信息定制對自己有利的合同,這樣的結(jié)果是損害了游客的利益,使得游客對旅行社的服務(wù)產(chǎn)生懷疑,很容易產(chǎn)生逆向選擇,旅游市場中產(chǎn)品的均衡交易價格和均衡交易量偏離信息完全時的均衡交易量和均衡交易價格,旅行社的發(fā)展受到阻礙,引發(fā)旅游市場中劣質(zhì)旅行社驅(qū)逐優(yōu)質(zhì)旅行社的問題,旅游市場運行低效。當游客處于信息優(yōu)勢一方時,旅行社無法觀測和了解游客對旅游產(chǎn)品的預(yù)期,當游客發(fā)生“圍單”行為時,會使旅行社為避免因提供不合格旅游服務(wù)而導致旅游活動結(jié)束后大量游客的投訴和索賠等事后行為對旅行社造成的負面影響,而在旅游活動發(fā)生前就提供什么樣產(chǎn)品最為符合游客預(yù)期做出決策。本文研究了旅游市場交易雙方——旅行社和游客分別處于信息優(yōu)勢方時旅游市場信息不對稱的表現(xiàn)情況及其對旅行社產(chǎn)生的影響,建立了旅行社處于信息優(yōu)勢方時旅游市場中的實證分析模型和游客處于信息優(yōu)勢方時旅行社的基于游客預(yù)期的決策模型,并提出了改善旅游市場中信息不對稱情況的對策。
[Abstract]:With the development of the domestic economy, the income of the residents increases, the consumption level is also significantly enhanced, and people are more interested in leisure life. As a result, tourism has flourished and become an important industry in the local economy. However, the problem of information asymmetry exists in all aspects of tourism. Information asymmetry in tourism market refers to the different amount of information owned by both parties in the course of trade in tourism market. It is not enough to analyze the information asymmetry in the tourism market from the point of view that the travel agency is the information advantage party. It must be considered that the tourist can also be the information advantage party. When the travel agency is in the information advantage party, Tourists in the position of client have very limited access to product information, tourists are not aware of product information, and travel agencies in agency status may use private information that tourists do not know to customize contracts that are beneficial to them. As a result, the interests of the tourists are damaged, the tourists are suspicious of the services of the travel agencies, and it is easy to produce adverse selection. In the tourism market, the equilibrium transaction price and the equilibrium transaction price of the product deviate from the information completely, and the development of the travel agency is hindered, which leads to the problem of shoddy travel agency expelling the high quality travel agency in the tourism market. The tourism market is inefficient. When tourists are on the information side, travel agencies are unable to observe and understand tourists' expectations of tourism products. In order to avoid the negative impact on travel agencies caused by complaints and claims from a large number of tourists after the end of tourism activities due to the provision of unqualified travel services, And what kind of product should be provided before the tourism activity happens? this paper studies the asymmetric information of tourism market when the travel agency and the tourist are in the advantage of information, the two sides of the trade are in the tourism market, the travel agency and the tourist are respectively in the advantage of information. Performance and its impact on travel agencies, This paper establishes the empirical analysis model of travel agency when it is in the information advantage side and the decision model based on the tourists' expectation when the tourist is in the information advantage party, and puts forward the countermeasures to improve the information asymmetry in the tourism market.
【學位授予單位】：天津財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.6

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