【摘要】：我國(guó)貧困問(wèn)題由來(lái)已久,貧困與扶貧也是國(guó)家和民眾歷來(lái)關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。貧困地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)薄弱、生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱、貧困程度深、貧困覆蓋面廣,在此背景下,選擇一種行之有效的扶貧方式顯得尤為重要。而旅游業(yè)作為新興產(chǎn)業(yè),具有發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ蟆l(fā)展速度快、發(fā)展前景好等特點(diǎn),旅游扶貧作為一種“造血式”扶貧方式,對(duì)貧困地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展及貧困人口脫貧作用顯著。隨著國(guó)家扶貧攻堅(jiān)主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)“重點(diǎn)在中西部,難點(diǎn)在集中連片特困地區(qū)”口號(hào)的提出及2011年國(guó)務(wù)院正式批復(fù)的《武陵山區(qū)區(qū)域發(fā)展與扶貧攻堅(jiān)規(guī)劃(2011—2020年)》,廣大西部貧困地區(qū)迎來(lái)了新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。本文以今后十年我國(guó)重點(diǎn)扶貧攻堅(jiān)主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的重慶渝東南武陵山片區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,以旅游乘數(shù)理論、社區(qū)參與理論、利益相關(guān)者理論及可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論為研究依據(jù),以貧困人口參與為切入點(diǎn),通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)整理、發(fā)放調(diào)查問(wèn)卷、個(gè)案剖析及定量分析等方法,采用調(diào)查問(wèn)卷的方式,對(duì)該地區(qū)居民參與旅游業(yè)的情況及對(duì)旅游扶貧的認(rèn)知態(tài)度進(jìn)行調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)。為進(jìn)一步研究旅游扶貧效果,采用層次分析法,分別從長(zhǎng)、短期入手構(gòu)建目標(biāo)層、5個(gè)準(zhǔn)則、18個(gè)要素指標(biāo)對(duì)渝東南地區(qū)旅游扶貧績(jī)效進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),研究結(jié)果表明:(1)該地區(qū)近些年來(lái)旅游扶貧績(jī)效總體呈上升趨勢(shì),說(shuō)明旅游扶貧工作是有成效的。(2)渝東南六區(qū)縣旅游扶貧發(fā)展分層明顯,尤其是秀山縣旅游扶貧績(jī)效偏低,旅游扶貧力度不夠。(3)當(dāng)?shù)鼗A(chǔ)設(shè)施、旅游業(yè)從業(yè)人員受教育等問(wèn)題突出。研究結(jié)論主要包括以下3個(gè)方面:(1)旅游業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摿薮?實(shí)施旅游扶貧是實(shí)現(xiàn)地區(qū)脫貧的有效途徑;(2)政府支持當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)以生態(tài)旅游、農(nóng)家樂(lè)、節(jié)慶旅游等形式開(kāi)展,旅游扶貧效果明顯,但農(nóng)民自發(fā)與政府支持下的旅游業(yè)發(fā)展差異明顯。(3)調(diào)查過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn),農(nóng)民自身素質(zhì)與參與度對(duì)旅游扶貧的影響較大,且是否參與到旅游及其相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)于旅游扶貧帶來(lái)的效應(yīng)感受有所不同。為促進(jìn)渝東南地區(qū)旅游扶貧進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,需突出政府主導(dǎo)作用,加強(qiáng)政府間的聯(lián)動(dòng)與互動(dòng);以貧困居民受益為落腳點(diǎn),提高居民參與度;利用現(xiàn)代營(yíng)銷(xiāo)模式做好宣傳,加快地區(qū)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目建設(shè);完善旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,創(chuàng)新旅游路線(xiàn);加強(qiáng)旅游扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)資金保障,建立人才培養(yǎng)與引進(jìn)機(jī)制;保護(hù)民俗文化與生態(tài)環(huán)境,促進(jìn)區(qū)域可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China's poverty problem has a long history, poverty and poverty have always been the focus of attention of the country and the people. The economic base of poor areas is weak, the ecological environment is fragile, the degree of poverty is deep, and the coverage of poverty is wide. Under this background, it is very important to choose an effective way to help the poor. Tourism, as a new industry, has the characteristics of great development potential, fast development speed and good development prospect. As a kind of "blood-making" poverty alleviation mode, tourism poverty alleviation plays a significant role in the economic and social development of poverty-stricken areas and the poverty alleviation of the poor population. With the introduction of the slogan "focus on the central and western regions and the difficulty lies in the focus on areas with special hardship", and the "Plan for Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation in Wuling Mountain region (2011-2020)" formally approved by the State Council in 2011, The vast number of poor western regions have ushered in new opportunities for development. Based on the tourism multiplier theory, community participation theory, stakeholder theory and sustainable development theory, this paper focuses on Wulingshan District, which is the main battlefield of poverty alleviation in China in the next ten years, and takes the tourism multiplier theory, the community participation theory, the stakeholder theory and the sustainable development theory as the research basis. Taking the participation of the poor population as the starting point, by means of literature collation, distribution of questionnaires, case analysis and quantitative analysis, the method of questionnaire is adopted. A survey was conducted on the residents' participation in tourism and the cognition and attitude towards poverty alleviation in tourism. In order to further study the effect of tourism poverty alleviation, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to evaluate the performance of tourism poverty alleviation in southeast Chongqing by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct the target layer, 5 criteria and 18 key factors respectively from the long-term and short-term. The results show that: (1) in recent years, the tourism poverty alleviation performance in this area shows an upward trend, indicating that the tourism poverty alleviation work is effective. (2) the development stratification of tourism poverty alleviation in six districts and counties of southeast Chongqing is obvious. Especially Xiushan County tourism poverty alleviation performance is low, tourism poverty alleviation efforts are not enough. (3) Local infrastructure, tourism workers education and other outstanding problems. The research conclusions mainly include the following three aspects: (1) the tourism development potential is huge, the implementation of tourism poverty alleviation is an effective way to achieve regional poverty alleviation; (2) the government supports the development of local tourism in the form of eco-tourism, peasant-house tourism, festival tourism and so on. The poverty alleviation effect of tourism is obvious, but the difference between farmers' spontaneous and government-supported tourism development is obvious. (3) during the survey, it was found that. Farmers' self-quality and participation have a great influence on tourism poverty alleviation, and whether they participate in tourism and its related industries have different effects on tourism poverty alleviation. In order to promote the further development of tourism poverty alleviation in southeast Chongqing, it is necessary to highlight the leading role of the government, strengthen the linkage and interaction among the governments, take the benefit of the poor residents as the foothold, and improve the residents' participation. Make good use of the modern marketing mode to do propaganda, speed up the construction of regional key projects, perfect the tourism infrastructure, innovate the tourism route, strengthen the guarantee of funds for poverty alleviation and development of tourism, establish the mechanism of talent training and introduction; Protect folk culture and ecological environment, promote regional sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.8;F592.7

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