【摘要】：海關(guān)(the Customs)作為國(guó)家進(jìn)出境監(jiān)督管理部門(mén),職能已經(jīng)從過(guò)往保護(hù)國(guó)家貿(mào)易安全和預(yù)防恐怖主義威脅等傳統(tǒng)職能延伸至以貿(mào)易稅收征管、打擊走私和肩負(fù)統(tǒng)計(jì)等職能,在維護(hù)國(guó)家進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易秩序方面更是代表了國(guó)家形象,權(quán)力大、專(zhuān)業(yè)性強(qiáng)。如何確保我國(guó)海關(guān)關(guān)員既能合規(guī)執(zhí)法,又能促進(jìn)國(guó)家進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易發(fā)展,筆者認(rèn)為,建立更為高效廉潔、科學(xué)規(guī)范的海關(guān)管理體系,已經(jīng)成為頭等大事。在現(xiàn)行行政管理體制之下,海關(guān)總署和其派出機(jī)構(gòu)及各直屬關(guān)的考核機(jī)制已經(jīng)相對(duì)成熟,形成了相對(duì)固定的體系,但是各基層海關(guān)作為業(yè)務(wù)直接執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu),由于行政級(jí)別低、資源短缺,且業(yè)務(wù)方向各有側(cè)重等,基層海關(guān)關(guān)員績(jī)效考核體系尚不成熟,屬于較為初級(jí)的階段,本文圍繞如何讓基層海關(guān)考核體系更科學(xué),更精準(zhǔn),從而體現(xiàn)出基層海關(guān)關(guān)員實(shí)際工作情況,以公正、公平、客觀為導(dǎo)向,爭(zhēng)取能夠?yàn)閷?shí)現(xiàn)海關(guān)的現(xiàn)代化管理提供合理建議。本文以黃埔海關(guān)下屬基層海關(guān)XT海關(guān)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)XT海關(guān)現(xiàn)有績(jī)效考核體系進(jìn)行了分析,通過(guò)橫向比較其他基層海關(guān)的績(jī)效考核經(jīng)驗(yàn),梳理出現(xiàn)有考核體系仍然存在的問(wèn)題和優(yōu)化空間。同時(shí),結(jié)合XT海關(guān)的崗位設(shè)置及職能,分維度、分層次的重新設(shè)計(jì)了一套績(jī)效考核方案,并提出了考核方案實(shí)施過(guò)程中需要強(qiáng)調(diào)注意的問(wèn)題,全文共分為六個(gè)章節(jié):第一部分,論文從研究背景、思路、方法、意義入手,介紹了績(jī)效考核的相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ),是全文行文的基礎(chǔ);第二部分,介紹了XT海關(guān)績(jī)效考核的現(xiàn)狀,并分析了現(xiàn)有績(jī)效考核體系存在的問(wèn)題,強(qiáng)調(diào)了對(duì)其進(jìn)行績(jī)效考核體系優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方案的迫切性、必要性;第三部分,通過(guò)比較分析的方法,列舉比較了其他基層海關(guān)績(jī)效考核的創(chuàng)新方法及經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足,對(duì)比歸納出現(xiàn)有行政體系下,基層海關(guān)績(jī)效考核中的普遍問(wèn)題;第四部分,通過(guò)分析出的基層海關(guān)考核中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足結(jié)合XT海關(guān)現(xiàn)有績(jī)效考核體系存在的問(wèn)題,相對(duì)應(yīng)的提出解決問(wèn)題的思路及方法,提出了優(yōu)化績(jī)效考核體系的方案。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有考核體系反饋時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、流于表面,指標(biāo)權(quán)重不科學(xué)導(dǎo)致的有失公平和不能全面體現(xiàn)崗位特性等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了根據(jù)XT海關(guān)戰(zhàn)略職能及職責(zé)為一級(jí)指標(biāo)的三層四維考核體系,將時(shí)間、崗位性質(zhì)、職級(jí)維度進(jìn)行分層,將時(shí)間分為月度和年度,崗位性質(zhì)區(qū)前中后臺(tái),同級(jí)內(nèi)部根據(jù)崗位職責(zé)對(duì)指標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)及指標(biāo)權(quán)重上的側(cè)重各有不同等方法綜合對(duì)前述問(wèn)題進(jìn)行解決。本章是全文的核心重點(diǎn);第五部分,根據(jù)本文設(shè)計(jì)的績(jī)效考核方案如何在XT海關(guān)予以實(shí)施,以及實(shí)施過(guò)程中可能存在的困難及需要關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào),細(xì)化將考核方案落到實(shí)處;最后,對(duì)全文核心觀點(diǎn)和內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)與提煉,并指出本文可以繼續(xù)深入研究的方向。
[Abstract]:As the national supervision and administration department of entry and exit, Customs (the Customs) has extended its functions from the traditional functions of protecting national trade security and preventing terrorist threats to the functions of collecting and managing trade taxes, combating smuggling and shouldering statistics, etc. In the maintenance of national import and export trade order is more representative of the national image, power, strong professionalism. How to ensure that our customs officers can not only enforce the law but also promote the development of national import and export trade, the author believes that the establishment of a more efficient and clean, scientific and standardized customs management system has become a top priority. Under the current administrative management system, the assessment mechanism of the General Administration of Customs, its field offices and the customs offices directly under it has been relatively mature and has formed a relatively fixed system. However, as the direct executing agencies of the business, the grass-roots customs offices are at a low level of administration. Lack of resources, and the business direction of each of the focus, grass-roots customs officers performance appraisal system is not yet mature, belong to a relatively preliminary stage, this article around how to make the grass-roots customs assessment system more scientific, more accurate, Thus it reflects the actual working situation of the customs officers at the grass-roots level and aims at providing reasonable suggestions for the realization of the modern management of the customs with the guidance of justice fairness and objectivity. This paper takes XT Customs of Huangpu Customs as the research object, analyzes the existing performance appraisal system of XT Customs, and compares the performance appraisal experience of other grass-roots customs. Combing the problems that still exist in the examination system and the space for optimization. At the same time, combining with the post setting and function of XT Customs, this paper redesigns a set of performance appraisal scheme in different dimensions and levels, and puts forward some problems that should be paid attention to in the course of implementing the appraisal scheme. The whole text is divided into six chapters: the first part, This paper introduces the theoretical basis of performance appraisal, which is the basis of the full text. The second part introduces the current situation of XT customs performance appraisal. And analyzed the existing performance appraisal system existing problems, emphasized the performance appraisal system optimization design scheme urgency, the necessity; the third part, through the comparative analysis method, This paper enumerates and compares the innovative methods and insufficient experience of other grass-roots customs performance appraisal, and compares and sums up the common problems in the performance appraisal of grass-roots customs under the administrative system; part four, Based on the analysis of the lack of experience and the existing problems in the performance appraisal system of XT Customs, this paper puts forward the corresponding ideas and methods to solve the problems, and puts forward the scheme of optimizing the performance appraisal system. Aiming at the problems of long feedback time, superficial flow and unscientific index weight, the existing assessment system is not fair and can not fully reflect the characteristics of the post, and so on. According to the strategic function and duty of XT customs, three layers and four dimensional assessment system is designed, which divides time, post nature and rank dimension into monthly and annual, background before and before post nature area. The above problems are solved comprehensively by different methods of index design and index weight in the same level according to the post responsibility. This chapter is the core point of this paper. The fifth part, according to the performance evaluation scheme designed in this paper, how to implement it in XT customs, and the possible difficulties in the implementation process and the key issues that need to be paid attention to are emphasized. Finally, the paper summarizes and refines the core viewpoints and contents of the paper, and points out the direction of further research in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D630.3

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