本文選題：中國共產(chǎn)黨 + 黨內(nèi)治理��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：強(qiáng)化黨內(nèi)治理,是任何一個(gè)政黨都需要認(rèn)真面對的一項(xiàng)課題。某種意義上說,政黨的發(fā)展史就是一部政黨的治理史,只有善于自身治理、勤于自身治理的政黨,才能在政黨政治的時(shí)代潮流中永遠(yuǎn)立于不敗之地。縱觀世界政黨發(fā)展史,每一個(gè)政黨由弱到強(qiáng)無不是從善于治理起步的,而每一個(gè)政黨由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰也無不是從疏于治理開始的。政黨發(fā)展規(guī)律表明,政黨的自身治理水平和治理能力是決定政黨興衰成敗的關(guān)鍵因素。在當(dāng)代,政黨政治是現(xiàn)代民主政治的主要形式,國家、社會和政黨之間生成了一種密不可分的耦合關(guān)系。這種客觀形勢決定了政黨在國家和社會中的作用越來越突出,內(nèi)在地要求政黨必須強(qiáng)化黨內(nèi)治理以促進(jìn)國家和社會的發(fā)展進(jìn)步。黨內(nèi)治理是政黨動(dòng)員各級黨組織和黨員干部等多個(gè)主體廣泛參與、上下互動(dòng),綜合運(yùn)用協(xié)商、合作、對話等方式及科學(xué)、民主、法治等方略高效治理自身事務(wù)的活動(dòng)。黨內(nèi)治理有別于傳統(tǒng)意義上的政黨建設(shè)或政黨管理,更多地體現(xiàn)出了"治理"的多維意涵和"善治"的價(jià)值取向。黨內(nèi)治理蘊(yùn)含著力量多元、制度至上、雙向互動(dòng)、廉價(jià)高效的新內(nèi)涵,彰顯出通過治理和善治理念來保持政黨自身生機(jī)和活力的一種嘗試性努力。黨內(nèi)治理在實(shí)踐形態(tài)上可外化為具體意義上的"治黨"問題,其核心問題在于探討如何依靠法治來規(guī)約黨內(nèi)權(quán)力以及如何依靠制度來懲治黨內(nèi)腐敗。總體來說,推進(jìn)黨內(nèi)治理需要不斷完善治理結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化治理機(jī)制、提升治理能力,以求達(dá)到政黨善治之理想目標(biāo)。中國共產(chǎn)黨歷來重視黨的建設(shè),始終堅(jiān)持黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨。尤其是黨的十八大以來,以習(xí)近平為核心的黨中央把從嚴(yán)治黨擺在了更加突出的位置,提出了"全面從嚴(yán)治黨"這一重大戰(zhàn)略。其實(shí),就全面從嚴(yán)治黨的精神實(shí)質(zhì)而言,它不僅強(qiáng)調(diào)了"全面"這一基礎(chǔ)和"從嚴(yán)"這一關(guān)鍵,更為重要的是它點(diǎn)出了"治"這一要害。全面從嚴(yán)治黨之"治"不僅僅是傳統(tǒng)意義上"抓一抓" "管一管"、"治一治",而且更多地是現(xiàn)代意義上的"治理"。毋庸置疑,全面從嚴(yán)治黨蘊(yùn)涵著規(guī)范意義上的黨內(nèi)治理理念,其生長點(diǎn)在于政黨理念實(shí)現(xiàn)了從"管理"到"治理"的升華。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)從黨內(nèi)治理的視角重新審視"全面從嚴(yán)治黨"這一重大戰(zhàn)略,以黨內(nèi)治理理念來構(gòu)筑全面從嚴(yán)治黨的"理論之經(jīng)",以黨內(nèi)治理規(guī)律來指引全面從嚴(yán)治黨的"實(shí)踐之緯"。本論文立足于國家治理現(xiàn)代化的視閾,遵循理論與實(shí)踐相統(tǒng)一,邏輯與歷史相統(tǒng)一的原則,集中研究中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理問題。全文共分導(dǎo)論和七章。本文著重闡述和論證了以下觀點(diǎn):1、治理和善治理論與政黨研究具有強(qiáng)相關(guān)性,將治理和善治理論融于到政黨研究中便生成了政黨治理概念。從內(nèi)涵上講,政黨治理有廣義和狹義之分。狹義上的政黨治理特指黨內(nèi)治理。所謂中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理,就是中國共產(chǎn)黨將現(xiàn)代治理和善治理念嵌入到管黨治黨之中,并以科學(xué)、民主、法治等方略來規(guī)范組織運(yùn)行的治理過程。中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理具有順應(yīng)政黨現(xiàn)代化潮流、創(chuàng)新管黨治黨模式、高效解決黨內(nèi)問題等三重價(jià)值指向。從外延上講,政黨治理與政黨建設(shè)、政黨管理,與國家治理、社會治理,既存在差異又相互關(guān)聯(lián)。政黨治理是政黨建設(shè)的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié),它實(shí)現(xiàn)了對傳統(tǒng)黨建模式的創(chuàng)新。政黨治理是一種更為科學(xué)、合理、高效的理念和模式,它是對政黨管理的升級、轉(zhuǎn)型和超越�？v然政黨治理與國家治理、社會治理在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量、價(jià)值取向和基本依循上是一致的,但三者在治理主體和治理對象上也存在著顯著的差異,必須厘清它們之間的邊界。2、中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理絕非無源之水,需要吸收多方面的思想資源。一方面,中國共產(chǎn)黨作為馬克思主義政黨,有著自身的先進(jìn)性和獨(dú)特性。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)基于馬克思主義政黨理論視角,從馬克思恩格斯對政黨學(xué)說的初始論述中、從列寧對新型無產(chǎn)階級政黨理論的應(yīng)時(shí)發(fā)展中、從中國共產(chǎn)黨人對黨建理論的開拓創(chuàng)新中尋求中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理所依賴的豐富思想養(yǎng)料。另一方面,中國共產(chǎn)黨作為一個(gè)大黨、老黨,需要遵循現(xiàn)代政黨治理的主要經(jīng)驗(yàn)和一般規(guī)律。政黨變革視角是西方政黨理論研究的主要范式,可以成為探討中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理的重要參照。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)基于政黨變革視角,批判性地吸收其中具有普遍意義的合理性成分,從而使其成為中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理的基本借鑒。3、中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理絕非無本之木,需要?dú)v史和現(xiàn)實(shí)的雙重支撐。從歷史依據(jù)上看,中國共產(chǎn)黨在思想建設(shè)、組織建設(shè)、作風(fēng)建設(shè)、制度建設(shè),反腐倡廉建設(shè)等方面積累了豐富的管黨治黨經(jīng)驗(yàn)和深刻的管黨治黨教訓(xùn),為新形勢下中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理提供了濃厚的歷史積淀。從現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)上看,中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理是時(shí)代發(fā)展的必然要求。面對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會、開放多元、新興媒體等形勢,中國共產(chǎn)黨要通過黨內(nèi)治理來消解適應(yīng)性危機(jī)、化解調(diào)試性難題和破解應(yīng)對性困境。中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理契合國家治理現(xiàn)代化的內(nèi)在要求。國家治理離不開執(zhí)政黨的強(qiáng)力主導(dǎo),國家治理體系內(nèi)含黨內(nèi)治理框架的搭建,國家治理績效有賴于黨內(nèi)治理能力的提升。中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理如要具有可行性,就要在中國特色社會主義民主政治的前提下設(shè)計(jì)治理框架,要在政黨領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)治理理論的適應(yīng)性改造、創(chuàng)造性轉(zhuǎn)化、結(jié)構(gòu)性互動(dòng)和策略性回應(yīng)。4、中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理主要從"硬要素"和"軟要素"兩個(gè)核心向度涉足。"軟要素"是維持政黨競爭力和創(chuàng)造力的思想靈魂,"硬要素"是維持政黨生命力和活力的組織軀殼。從軟要素的向度,中國共產(chǎn)黨要注重建構(gòu)政黨文化,保持政黨意識形態(tài)階級性與包容性的統(tǒng)一,并以良好黨內(nèi)文化涵養(yǎng)風(fēng)清氣正的黨內(nèi)政治生態(tài);要重塑政黨形象,努力增強(qiáng)黨員干部和人民群眾對政黨的認(rèn)同;要實(shí)現(xiàn)政黨權(quán)威轉(zhuǎn)型,不斷提升政黨的合法性。從硬要素的向度,中國共產(chǎn)黨要合理控制政黨組織規(guī)模,探尋規(guī)模擴(kuò)大與善于治黨的正向關(guān)聯(lián);要不斷優(yōu)化政黨組織結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新與高效治黨的同頻共振;要努力消解政黨組織慣性和無組織生長,有效應(yīng)對政黨治理效果遞減律。5、科學(xué)化、民主化、制度化是中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理應(yīng)然追尋的三種實(shí)踐機(jī)制。與之相對應(yīng),科學(xué)治黨、民主治黨、制度治黨是中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理進(jìn)程中實(shí)然存在的三種治黨方略。科學(xué)治黨是政黨善治的基礎(chǔ),它解決的是如何高效治黨的問題,重點(diǎn)在于維持治理活動(dòng)的規(guī)律性、有序性和藝術(shù)性;民主治黨是政黨善治的動(dòng)力,它解決的是如何監(jiān)督黨內(nèi)權(quán)力的問題,重點(diǎn)在于促進(jìn)治理運(yùn)行的參與性、互動(dòng)性和透明性;制度治黨是政黨善治的保障,它解決的是如何治理黨內(nèi)腐敗的問題,重點(diǎn)在于實(shí)現(xiàn)治理過程的法治性、規(guī)范性和廉潔性。三者相互促進(jìn)、相輔相成,共同構(gòu)建了完整嚴(yán)密、環(huán)環(huán)相扣的治理鏈條,共同成為黨內(nèi)治理不可或缺的內(nèi)在機(jī)理。6、提升治理能力是中國共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)治理的發(fā)展路向和價(jià)值旨?xì)w。中國共產(chǎn)黨可以從思想導(dǎo)向能力、組織凝聚能力、作風(fēng)感召能力、自我凈化能力和政黨法治能力五個(gè)層面構(gòu)筑黨內(nèi)治理現(xiàn)代化的能力支撐,繼而在能力本位的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)黨內(nèi)治理現(xiàn)代化的路徑。思想導(dǎo)向能力是黨內(nèi)治理的柔性推動(dòng)力,黨要突出理想信念教育、黨性修養(yǎng)培育和道德人格養(yǎng)成;組織軟弱渙散是阻滯黨內(nèi)治理靈活運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的重要原因,黨要在"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部"和"向基層延伸"兩個(gè)方面著力增強(qiáng)組織凝聚能力建設(shè);作風(fēng)問題是制約黨內(nèi)治理成效的主要瓶頸,黨要集中整飭"四風(fēng)",構(gòu)建作風(fēng)建設(shè)的長效機(jī)制;腐敗現(xiàn)象是黨內(nèi)治理面臨的最為突出的問題,黨既要嚴(yán)厲懲治腐敗,全面凈化黨內(nèi)政治生態(tài),又要加強(qiáng)黨內(nèi)監(jiān)督,始終保持黨的廉潔自律,還要實(shí)現(xiàn)向制度治腐、標(biāo)本兼治、綜合治理轉(zhuǎn)變;政黨法治能力是黨內(nèi)治理的核心能力,黨要增強(qiáng)黨內(nèi)法規(guī)創(chuàng)制能力,提高黨內(nèi)法規(guī)執(zhí)行能力,提升領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部法治能力。
[Abstract]:In a sense, the history of political parties' development is a political history of a political party. Only a party who is good at governance and diligent in its own governance can always stand in an invincible position in the political trend of party politics. The political party is the key factor in determining the success or failure of the party's prosperity and decline. In the present time, political party and political governance is the main form of modern democratic politics, the state and the society. There is an inseparable coupling relationship between the party and the party. This objective situation determines that the party's role in the state and society is becoming more and more prominent, and that the party must strengthen the party governance to promote the development and progress of the state and the society. Extensive participation, interaction between up and down, comprehensive use of consultation, cooperation, dialogue and other ways as well as science, democracy, rule of law and other strategies to effectively govern their own affairs. Inner party governance is different from the traditional political party construction or political party management. It embodies the multi dimension meaning of "governance" and the value orientation of "good governance". Inner party governance contains power. The new connotation of pluralism, system supremacy, two-way interaction and low cost and efficiency shows an attempt to maintain the vitality and vitality of the party through governance and good governance concept. The inner party governance can be externalized to the "ruling party" in practical form, and its core problem lies in the discussion of how to regulate the power of the party by relying on the rule of law. And how to punish the inner-party corruption on the basis of the system. In general, the promotion of Inner Party governance needs to improve the governance structure, optimize the governance mechanism and improve the governance ability, in order to achieve the ideal goal of the good governance of the party. The Communist Party of China has always attached importance to the party's construction, always insisting that the party should manage the party and strictly govern the party. Especially since the eighteen Party's major, the Chinese Communist Party has studied The Party Central Committee, which is the core of the party, put the party in a more prominent position and put forward the major strategy of "strictly governing the party". In fact, it not only emphasizes the key to the "comprehensive" basis and "strict", but more importantly, it points out the key to "governance", and more importantly, administering the party in an all-round way. "Governance" is not only the traditional sense of "grasping one grasp", "administering one tube" and "governing one", but also more in the modern sense of "governance". There is no doubt that the concept of governing party governance in the normative sense is contained in the comprehensive administration of the party. The growth point of the party's concept is that the idea of the party has been sublimated from "management" to "governance". It reexamines the major strategy of "strictly governing the party" with the idea of Inner Party governance to construct the "theory of the theory" which is strictly governing the party and directing "the weft of practice" with the rule of Party governance. This paper is based on the threshold of the modernization of national governance, and follows the principle of unification of theory and practice, and the principle of unity of logic and history. It concentrates on the study of Party governance in the Party of the Communist Party of China. The full text is divided into introduction and seven chapters. This article expounds and demonstrates the following points: 1, the theory of governance and good governance is strongly related to the research of political parties, and the concept of political party governance is generated by the integration of governance and good governance theory into the research of political parties. The party governance in the narrow sense refers to the internal governance of the party. The party governance in the Communist Party of China means that the Communist Party of China has embedded modern governance and good governance concept into the party governing the party and standardizing the management process of organization operation with science, democracy and the rule of law. The party governance and Party construction, party management, political party management, national governance and social governance are both different and interrelated. Party governance is an important link in Party building, and it realizes the innovation of the traditional party building model. Party governance is one of the three aspects. It is a more scientific, reasonable and efficient concept and model. It is the upgrading, transformation and Transcendence of the political party management. Even though the political party governance and the state governance, the social governance is consistent with the leadership, the value orientation and the basic compliance, but the three are also significant differences between the governance subjects and the governance objects, which must be clarified. The border.2, the party governance of the Communist Party of China is not a water passivity, needs to absorb many ideological resources. On the one hand, the Communist Party of China, as a Marx party, has its own advanced nature and uniqueness. We should be based on the perspective of Marx doctrine party theory, from the initial exposition of Marx and Engels to the theory of political parties, from Lenin In the development of the new proletarian party theory of the proletariat, it seeks the rich ideological nourishment that the party governance of the Communist Party of China depends on. On the other hand, the Communist Party of China, as a big party and the old party, needs to follow the main experience and general rule of the modern governance of the party. The angle of view is the main paradigm of the study of the western party theory, and it can be an important reference to discuss the party governance of the Communist Party of China. Based on the perspective of the party reform, we should critically absorb the rational elements of its universal significance, thus making it a basic reference for the party governance of the Communist Party of China (.3) and the party governance of the Communist Party of China. On the basis of historical basis, the Communist Party of China has accumulated rich experience in governing the party and administering the party's lessons deeply, and provided a strong way for the party governance of the Communist Party of China under the new situation. On the basis of reality, the party governance of the Communist Party of China is the inevitable requirement of the development of the times. Facing the situation of risk society, opening pluralism and emerging media, the Communist Party of China should solve the adaptability crisis through inner party governance, dissolve the debugging problems and solve the sexual dilemma. The party governance of the Communist Party of China agrees with the national governance. The internal requirement of the modernization is that the state governance is inseparable from the strong dominance of the ruling party. The national governance system contains the building of the inner party governance framework and the performance of the state governance depends on the improvement of the inner party governance ability. If the party governance of the Communist Party of China is to be feasible, it should be designed and governed under the premise of China's special socialist democracy. The framework should realize the adaptive transformation of governance theory, creative transformation, structural interaction and strategic response to.4. The party governance of the Communist Party of China is mainly involved in the two core dimensions of "hard elements" and "soft elements". "Soft elements" is the soul of maintaining the competitiveness and creativity of the party, and the "hard element" is the maintenance of the vitality of the party. From the dimension of the soft elements, the Communist Party of China should pay attention to the construction of the party culture, maintain the unity of political party ideology and inclusiveness, and maintain the inner party political ecology with a good inner party culture, remould the political party's image and strive to enhance the identity of Party members and the masses of the party; The party's authority transformation will constantly improve the legitimacy of the political party. From the degree of the hard elements, the Communist Party of China should rationally control the organization scale of the party, explore the positive correlation between the scale and the party, and optimize the organizational structure of the party to realize the same frequency resonance of the structural innovation and the efficient administration of the party; and try to eliminate the inertia and unorganization of the party organization. Growth, effective response to the decline law of political party governance.5, scientific, democratization and institutionalization are three practical mechanisms for Party governance in the Communist Party of China. It solves the problem of how to manage the party efficiently, the emphasis is to maintain the regularity, orderliness and artistry of the governance activities, and the Democratic Party governance is the motive force of the party's good governance. It solves the problem of how to supervise the party's power, the emphasis is to promote the participation, interaction and transparency of the governing operation, and the system of Party governance is the guarantee of the good governance of the party. It solves the problem of how to govern the corruption in the party, with the emphasis on realizing the rule of law, standardization and integrity in the process of governance. The three mutually promote and complement each other, and jointly build a complete and rigorous, closely linked governance chain, and together become the internal mechanism of inner-party governance,.6, and the promotion of governance ability is the Party of the Communist Party of China. The Chinese Communist Party can build the ability support of the modernization of Inner Party governance from five levels: ideological orientation ability, organization ability, style of calling ability, self purification ability and political party's rule of law ability, and then design the path of modernization of Inner Party governance on the basis of ability standard. Ability is the flexible driving force of Inner Party governance, the party should highlight the ideal and belief education, the cultivation of party spirit and the cultivation of moral personality, and the weakness and laxity of the party is an important reason for blocking the flexible operation of the party governance. The party should strengthen the construction of organizational cohesion in two aspects: "leading cadres" and "extending to the grass-roots level"; the problem of style is the restriction of the party's party The main bottleneck of governance effectiveness is that the party should centrally straighten out the "four winds" and build a long-term mechanism for the construction of the style of work. The corruption is the most prominent problem in the party governance. The party should punish corruption severely and purify the party's political ecology in an all-round way, but also strengthen the inner party supervision, keep the party's integrity and self-discipline, and realize the corruption to the system. The ruling ability of the party's rule of law is the core ability of the party governance. The party should strengthen the ability to create the rules and regulations of the party, improve the execution ability of the party's laws and regulations, and improve the ability of the leading cadres in the rule of law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D262.6
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本文編號：1959854