本文選題：貿(mào)易增加值 + 中國(guó)��； 參考：《南京理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：2010年,WTO提出"世界制造倡議",指出傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易核算方法下國(guó)家之間的貿(mào)易關(guān)系容易被扭曲,呼吁關(guān)注各國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易中的增加值,并以此改進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)國(guó)際貿(mào)易核算方法。隨后,貿(mào)易增加值的核算方法引起了各國(guó)政府以及學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注。貿(mào)易增加值核算方法下,中國(guó)的貿(mào)易伙伴、貿(mào)易順差、全球價(jià)值鏈地位都發(fā)生了極大的變化,一直以來(lái)中國(guó)的貿(mào)易價(jià)值被嚴(yán)重扭曲,而且中國(guó)的單位貿(mào)易增加值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,與貿(mào)易總量極不匹配。隨著國(guó)際分工合作不斷緊密深化,國(guó)際投資已成為國(guó)際合作的重要形式,基于對(duì)外投資與對(duì)外貿(mào)易的密切關(guān)系,探討如何通過(guò)OFDI提高中國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易增加值,發(fā)現(xiàn)貿(mào)易增加值導(dǎo)向下中國(guó)OFDI的合理區(qū)位布局具有十分重要的意義。本文首先梳理了中國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易、貿(mào)易增加值及對(duì)外直接投資的基本現(xiàn)狀,并從規(guī)模、結(jié)構(gòu)、方式、地區(qū)四個(gè)層面對(duì)三者進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前中國(guó)貿(mào)易增加值地位與中國(guó)貿(mào)易總量、投資規(guī)模不相匹配,中國(guó)的單位貿(mào)易增加值遠(yuǎn)低于美國(guó)、歐盟、日本、韓國(guó)等,位于全球價(jià)值鏈的中低端,貿(mào)易價(jià)值被嚴(yán)重扭曲。接著,基于對(duì)外直接投資的貿(mào)易創(chuàng)造效應(yīng)、規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)及逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)分析了對(duì)外直接投資影響貿(mào)易增加值的理論機(jī)制,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提煉了貿(mào)易增加值導(dǎo)向下中國(guó)OFDI區(qū)位布局的三種路徑:一是通過(guò)OFDI的貿(mào)易創(chuàng)造效應(yīng)擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易出口規(guī)模,二是通過(guò)OFDI的貿(mào)易替代效應(yīng)降低國(guó)外增加值的使用,三是通過(guò)OFDI的逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)提高出口內(nèi)含增加值率。除了第二種路徑下中國(guó)OFDI應(yīng)選擇周邊發(fā)展中國(guó)家外,中國(guó)OFDI的區(qū)位布局選擇應(yīng)更多地側(cè)重于發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體。結(jié)合中國(guó)目前OFDI區(qū)位布局的特征,本文指出了貿(mào)易增加值導(dǎo)向下中國(guó)OFDI區(qū)位布局存在的問(wèn)題,并從轉(zhuǎn)變投資思路、增強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)力、建立績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)和完善保障機(jī)制四個(gè)維度提出了促進(jìn)和保障中國(guó)企業(yè)OFDI轉(zhuǎn)向發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的相關(guān)建議,以期為政府和企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資提供決策參考。
[Abstract]:In 2010, WTO put forward the "World Manufacturing Initiative", pointing out that the trade relationship between countries is easily distorted under the traditional trade accounting method, calling for attention to the added value in foreign trade of each country, and improving the traditional international trade accounting method. Subsequently, the accounting method of the value added of trade has aroused the widespread concern of the governments and the academic circles. Under the trade value added accounting method, China's trade partners, trade surplus and global value chain status have all undergone great changes, and China's trade value has been seriously distorted. Moreover, China's added value of unit trade lags far behind that of developed countries and does not match the total volume of trade. With the deepening of international division of work and cooperation, international investment has become an important form of international cooperation. Based on the close relationship between foreign investment and foreign trade, this paper discusses how to improve the added value of China's foreign trade through OFDI. It is of great significance to find out the reasonable location distribution of China's OFDI under the guidance of added value of trade. This paper first combs the basic status quo of China's foreign trade, trade added value and foreign direct investment, and makes a comparative analysis of the three from four aspects of scale, structure, mode and region. The value of trade is seriously distorted. Then, based on the trade creation effect, scale economy effect and reverse technology spillover effect of foreign direct investment, this paper analyzes the theoretical mechanism of the impact of foreign direct investment on the added value of trade. This paper abstracts three ways of China's OFDI location layout under the guidance of value added of trade: one is to expand the scale of trade exports through the trade creation effect of OFDI, the other is to reduce the use of added value abroad through the trade substitution effect of OFDI. Third, through the reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI to improve the export value added rate. In addition to the second path, China's OFDI should choose the neighboring developing countries, and the location of China's OFDI should be more focused on the developed economies. Combined with the characteristics of China's current OFDI location layout, this paper points out the existing problems of China's OFDI location layout under the guidance of added value of trade, and strengthens the competitive strength by changing the investment thinking. The four dimensions of establishing performance evaluation and perfecting the guarantee mechanism put forward some suggestions on how to promote and guarantee the shift of OFDI from Chinese enterprises to developed economies in order to provide a reference for the government and enterprises to make decisions on foreign direct investment (FDI).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F125;F752.6

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