本文選題：農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行　切入點：小額貸款　出處：《湘潭大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國農(nóng)村貧困問題長期以來受到黨和國家高度關注,2015年底中共中央將實施精準扶貧、精準脫貧戰(zhàn)略寫入十三五規(guī)劃中,改善人民生活、實現(xiàn)全面脫貧是全面建成小康社會的基礎,也是實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復興的保障。在眾多扶貧方法中,小額貸款無疑是較為有效的一種。小額貸款解決了貧困人群的融資問題,依據(jù)資本機制,從資金層面向貧困人群提供支持,使他們不受資金約束,進而培養(yǎng)他們的自我發(fā)展能力,并最終在此基礎上實現(xiàn)脫貧。然而在現(xiàn)實情況中,作為承擔小額貸款扶貧主體的農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行由于利益驅使出現(xiàn)目標偏離現(xiàn)象。合理評價農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行小額貸款的扶貧績效,提升農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行小額貸款的扶貧效果將是精準扶貧背景下扶貧開發(fā)工作的有益補充。本文以S農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行在小額貸款扶貧上的實踐探索為樣本。首先從理論的視角出發(fā),對小額貸款扶貧的理論內涵進行清晰的界定,以公共產(chǎn)品理論、金融約束理論和金融排斥理論為基礎,建立起一個小額貸款扶貧的理論分析框架,并據(jù)此從理論上分析小額貸款扶貧的機制。其次,在概述S農(nóng)商行小額貸款扶貧的基本情況之后,利用S農(nóng)商行小額貸款貧困農(nóng)戶數(shù)據(jù)對當?shù)刎毨мr(nóng)戶的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)等情況進行分析,總結S農(nóng)商行小額貸款扶貧的效果與不足。在理論分析與案例分析的基礎上,利用福利評價模型,從貧困農(nóng)戶獲得S農(nóng)商行小額貸款后福利水平變化的角度評價S農(nóng)商行小額貸款扶貧績效,研究表明:貧困農(nóng)戶的福利水平在S農(nóng)商行小額貸款的作用下得到顯著的提升,農(nóng)戶的貧困問題明顯有所改善。S農(nóng)商行通過提高小額貸款投入彌補了農(nóng)業(yè)投入和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率提高之間的存量缺口,有效幫助貧困農(nóng)戶脫貧致富。為推進S農(nóng)商行更好地服務“三農(nóng)”,提升S農(nóng)商行小額貸款的扶貧效果,本文總結形成可操作性的政策建議,在優(yōu)化S農(nóng)商行小額貸款扶貧的內部環(huán)境方面需要做到明確小額貸款目標定位,降低貧困農(nóng)戶貸款成本;延伸小額貸款支持領域,完善小額貸款操作機制;建設信用管理機制,強化貸后監(jiān)督。在改善S農(nóng)商行小額貸款扶貧的外部環(huán)境方面需要做到:提升小額貸款認知,加強小額貸款宣傳;強化小額貸款引導,建立動態(tài)激勵機制;加強小額貸款政策支持,推進全面脫貧。
[Abstract]:The problem of rural poverty in China has long been highly concerned by the Party and the state. At the end of 2015, the CPC Central Committee has written the strategy of precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty relief into the 13th Five-Year Plan to improve the people's living standards. To achieve an overall eradication of poverty is the basis for building a well-off society in an all-round way and a guarantee for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Among the many methods of poverty alleviation, microfinance is undoubtedly a more effective one. Microfinance solves the financing problem of the poor. Based on the capital mechanism, support is provided to the poor at the financial level so that they are not subject to financial constraints, thus developing their capacity for self-development and ultimately achieving poverty eradication on this basis. However, in reality, The rural commercial bank, as the main body of the poverty alleviation of small loans, has the phenomenon of target deviation because of the interest, and reasonably evaluates the poverty alleviation performance of the rural commercial bank. Improving the anti-poverty effect of micro-credit in rural commercial banks will be a useful supplement to poverty alleviation and development in the context of precision poverty alleviation. This paper takes the practice of S rural commercial banks in the poverty alleviation of micro-loans as a sample. First of all, from the perspective of theory, On the basis of public goods theory, financial constraint theory and financial exclusion theory, a theoretical analysis framework of microfinance poverty alleviation is established. Based on this, the mechanism of poverty alleviation by micro-credit is analyzed theoretically. Secondly, after summarizing the basic situation of poverty alleviation in small loans by S Agricultural and Commercial Bank, This paper analyzes the situation of agricultural production of poor farmers in local areas by using the data of poor farmers in small loans of S Agricultural and Commercial Bank, and summarizes the effects and shortcomings of poverty alleviation of small loans in small loans of S agricultural firms. On the basis of theoretical analysis and case study, the paper analyzes the poverty reduction of the poor farmers in the rural areas. By using the welfare evaluation model, this paper evaluates the poverty alleviation performance of S agricultural firm from the perspective of welfare level change after the poor farmers get S farm firm's small loans. The study shows that the welfare level of poor farmers has been significantly improved under the role of small loans from S farm firms. The problem of peasant household poverty has obviously improved .S agribusiness bank has made up the gap between agricultural input and agricultural productivity increase by increasing the input of small loans. In order to promote S agricultural firms to better serve agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and to enhance the poverty alleviation effect of small loans, this paper summarizes and forms operable policy recommendations. In order to optimize the internal environment of small loans, we need to define the target of small loans, reduce the cost of loans for poor farmers, extend the field of support for small loans, improve the operational mechanism of small loans, and build credit management mechanism. Strengthen the supervision after loan. In order to improve the external environment of poverty alleviation, we need to improve the understanding of small loans, strengthen the propaganda of small loans, strengthen the guidance of small loans, and establish dynamic incentive mechanism. We will strengthen the policy support for small loans and promote the overall eradication of poverty.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.4;F323.8

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