本文關(guān)鍵詞： 問(wèn)責(zé)制 美國(guó) 高等教育　出處：《中國(guó)行政管理》2017年10期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：問(wèn)責(zé)制是當(dāng)今高等教育管理中的一個(gè)熱門(mén)詞匯。問(wèn)責(zé)制的全面實(shí)施對(duì)美國(guó)高等教育質(zhì)量的提高起到了引擎作用。美國(guó)高等教育問(wèn)責(zé)制的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)在問(wèn)責(zé)的主體、客體、內(nèi)容、途徑以及作用等方面。此外,美國(guó)還成立了專(zhuān)門(mén)的問(wèn)責(zé)管理機(jī)構(gòu),引入了社會(huì)監(jiān)督與評(píng)價(jià)。近年來(lái),我國(guó)高等教育規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)大,與之對(duì)應(yīng)的高校經(jīng)費(fèi)使用、學(xué)生培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量等管理問(wèn)題日益凸顯,使得高校面臨著越來(lái)越大的績(jī)效質(zhì)疑。本文通過(guò)研究美國(guó)高等教育的問(wèn)責(zé)制,將美國(guó)問(wèn)責(zé)制中具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)加以借鑒,從立法、機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)立、問(wèn)責(zé)程序、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)與懲罰等四個(gè)方面探索我國(guó)高校問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制的發(fā)展路徑。建立以高等院校內(nèi)部問(wèn)責(zé)為主、社會(huì)公眾參與的外部問(wèn)責(zé)為輔的問(wèn)責(zé)制,是我國(guó)高等教育全面深化改革的方向。
[Abstract]:Accountability system is a popular word in the management of higher education today. The full implementation of accountability system plays an important role in improving the quality of higher education in the United States. The operational characteristics of the accountability system of higher education in the United States are embodied in the subject and object of accountability. In addition, the United States has set up a special accountability management agency, introducing social supervision and evaluation. In recent years, the scale of higher education in China has expanded rapidly, corresponding to the use of university funds. Management problems such as the quality of student training are becoming increasingly prominent, which makes colleges and universities face more and more challenges to their performance. This paper studies the accountability system of higher education in the United States, draws lessons from the advantages of the accountability system in the United States, and sets up legislation and institutions. This paper explores the development path of accountability mechanism in colleges and universities in four aspects: accountability procedure, reward and punishment. The establishment of accountability system is based on the internal accountability of institutions of higher learning, supplemented by external accountability, which is supplemented by the participation of the public. It is the direction of deepening the reform of higher education in our country.
【作者單位】： 中央民族大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G649.712

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