本文關(guān)鍵詞： 上下級(jí)法院 審判業(yè)務(wù) 監(jiān)督 指導(dǎo)行政　出處：《河北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)的上下級(jí)法院關(guān)系是一個(gè)憲法法律規(guī)定的“應(yīng)然關(guān)系”與實(shí)際生活中的“實(shí)然關(guān)系”差異較大的關(guān)系。它是關(guān)涉司法權(quán)在國(guó)家權(quán)力中的地位和構(gòu)架這一宏觀層面(憲政層)的重大理論問題,是不同層級(jí)的司法權(quán)在職能定位、資源配置及權(quán)力運(yùn)行過程的中觀層面的機(jī)制改革問題,又是各層級(jí)法官每天面臨的微觀層面問題。實(shí)踐中,我國(guó)四級(jí)法院之間的上下級(jí)法院關(guān)系之間涉及面廣,有政務(wù)、財(cái)務(wù)、事務(wù)、人事、業(yè)務(wù)等,其中上下級(jí)法院審判業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系隨著法院審判活動(dòng)的日趨發(fā)展顯得更加突出。目前在上下級(jí)法院的審判業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系中,無論是發(fā)回重審、案件請(qǐng)示,還是內(nèi)審程序、審判績(jī)效考評(píng)等,每一個(gè)單獨(dú)的問題都值得深入思考,但又彼此相互關(guān)聯(lián),需要放在審判業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系的大背景下進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)、整合性研究,以對(duì)這些單獨(dú)問題的思考和把握更具有廣闊的視野。我國(guó)的法院系統(tǒng)設(shè)置屬于一元制,縱向上全國(guó)法院從中央到地方共分四級(jí),橫向上法院設(shè)立按照行政區(qū)域進(jìn)行,法院的地方性十分明顯。中國(guó)的上下級(jí)法院關(guān)系特別是審判業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系,與它的域外同行相比,顯得更有難度:是一個(gè)“剪不斷理還亂”的關(guān)系�！稇椃ā泛汀度嗣穹ㄔ航M織法》規(guī)定,人民法院依法獨(dú)立行使審判權(quán)。從法律規(guī)定看,各級(jí)人民法院在法律地位上是彼此獨(dú)立的,只是在審判業(yè)務(wù)上有監(jiān)督與被監(jiān)督的關(guān)系。上級(jí)法院在政策統(tǒng)一、理念導(dǎo)向、人事調(diào)整、司法保障、績(jī)效評(píng)估、考核獎(jiǎng)懲等方面的決定權(quán)、管理權(quán)、支配權(quán),使得上下級(jí)法院間的審判業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系中不可避免地揉入了各種行政化手段,如領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、管理、指揮、協(xié)調(diào)、控制、請(qǐng)示、匯報(bào)等。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the higher and lower courts in China is a macroscopic relationship between the "ought to be" and the "real" in real life, which concerns the position and structure of the judicial power in the state power. Major theoretical issues at the constitutional level, It is the problem of mechanism reform in the process of function orientation, resource allocation and power operation of judicial power at different levels, and it is also the micro-level problem that judges at different levels face every day. The relationship between the higher and lower courts in China's four levels of courts involves a wide range of issues, including government affairs, finance, affairs, personnel, business, etc. Among them, the judicial professional relationship between the upper and lower courts becomes more prominent with the increasing development of the court's trial activities. At present, in the trial business relations of the upper and lower courts, whether it is referred back to trial, the case requests instructions, or the internal trial procedure, Trial performance evaluation, each individual issue is worth in-depth thinking, but also interrelated with each other, need to be placed in the trial business relationship under the background of the system, integration research, In order to think and grasp these individual issues, we have a broader vision. The court system in our country belongs to a monistic system. Vertically, the courts of the whole country are divided into four levels from the central to the local levels, and the courts are set up horizontally according to the administrative regions. The local nature of the court is very obvious. Compared with its overseas counterparts, China's relations between the higher and lower courts, especially the judicial business relations, It is even more difficult: it is a relationship of "incessant reason and chaos." the Constitution and the Organic Law of the people's Court stipulate that the people's court shall exercise its judicial power independently according to law. The people's courts at all levels are independent of each other in their legal status, and only have a relationship between supervision and supervision in judicial practice. The higher courts have a unified policy, idealistic orientation, personnel adjustment, judicial protection, and performance evaluation. The power of decision, management and power of control in the examination of rewards and punishments make it inevitable that various administrative means such as leadership, management, command, coordination, control, request and report are involved in the trial business relationship between the higher and lower courts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D926.2

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