本文關(guān)鍵詞： 工作壓力 工作壓力源 工作壓力水平 工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效 問(wèn)卷調(diào)查 訪談　出處：《蘇州科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),我國(guó)建筑業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,但在建筑行業(yè)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí),不斷加快的生活節(jié)奏和日益激烈的行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),也給從業(yè)人員帶來(lái)的巨大壓力。根據(jù)中國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒的數(shù)據(jù),截至2015年底,我國(guó)建筑領(lǐng)域從業(yè)人數(shù)達(dá)到5003萬(wàn)人,占全社會(huì)就業(yè)人員總數(shù)的6.46%。針對(duì)如此龐大的從業(yè)人員數(shù)量,探究從業(yè)人員的工作壓力及其影響,對(duì)于建筑行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展十分重要。由于過(guò)大的工作壓力會(huì)引起個(gè)人的績(jī)效下降、工作積極性降低、態(tài)度消極等問(wèn)題,因此,建筑從業(yè)人員過(guò)高的工作壓力會(huì)對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效造成影響。然而,與其重要性相比,針對(duì)建筑從業(yè)人員工作壓力進(jìn)行的研究還相對(duì)偏少。本文基于文獻(xiàn)綜述,采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查與訪談的實(shí)證分析方法,以蘇州建筑從業(yè)人員為研究對(duì)象,設(shè)立了以下三個(gè)主要目標(biāo):(1)識(shí)別建筑從業(yè)人員的關(guān)鍵工作壓力源,及不同類型人員(年齡、性別和專業(yè)方向)工作壓力源的差異;(2)分析建筑從業(yè)人員的不同工作壓力源對(duì)工作壓力水平的影響;(3)探索建筑從業(yè)人員的工作壓力水平對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效的影響�；谶@些研究,構(gòu)建工作壓力源——工作壓力水平——工作壓力影響的概念模型,以進(jìn)一步了解工作壓力對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效的影響,為制定積極有效的工作壓力管理措施提供理論參考。論文主要包括六個(gè)部分:第一部分是緒論。通過(guò)閱讀文獻(xiàn)確定了論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容、研究意義、研究目的和研究方法,并建立論文的技術(shù)路線圖。第二部分介紹了工作壓力以及工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效的相關(guān)理論。第三部分是理論構(gòu)思與研究假設(shè)�；谖墨I(xiàn)綜述,構(gòu)建研究所需要的理論模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了研究的主要假設(shè)。第四部分是問(wèn)卷調(diào)查與數(shù)據(jù)分析。運(yùn)用SPSS22.0軟件對(duì)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行信度和效度檢驗(yàn),并進(jìn)行因素分析、描述性分析和相關(guān)性分析。第五部分是訪談。通過(guò)對(duì)21位建筑從業(yè)人員進(jìn)行訪談,與問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果進(jìn)行交互驗(yàn)證。第六部分是結(jié)論與展望�？偨Y(jié)了本文的結(jié)論、不足,提出了未來(lái)的研究方向。本研究共回收問(wèn)卷175份,其中有效問(wèn)卷占83.4%�；趩�(wèn)卷的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、結(jié)合訪談的分析結(jié)果,得到的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)建筑從業(yè)人員的關(guān)鍵工作壓力源及不同類型人員(年齡、性別和專業(yè)方向)工作壓力源的差異基于因素分析,建筑從業(yè)人員的壓力來(lái)源是六個(gè)方面,按重要性程度順序分別是:項(xiàng)目要求、職業(yè)發(fā)展、人際關(guān)系、組織氛圍、工作要求和工作環(huán)境。其中,項(xiàng)目要求是最主要的工作壓力源。建筑從業(yè)人員不同工作壓力源在性別、年齡、專業(yè)方向三個(gè)方面存在顯著性差異,具體表現(xiàn)在:在項(xiàng)目要求方面,41-50歲的管理人員的壓力最高;在工作要求方面,男性壓力高于女性;在工作環(huán)境方面,男性技術(shù)人員的壓力最高。(2)建筑從業(yè)人員的不同工作壓力源對(duì)工作壓力水平的影響工作要求(0.439**)、工作環(huán)境(0.416**)、人際關(guān)系(0.195*)、組織氛圍(0.184*)和項(xiàng)目要求(0.173*)五個(gè)方面的工作壓力源顯著提高了建筑從業(yè)人員的工作壓力水平。(3)工作壓力水平對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效及各評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的影響工作壓力水平對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效(-0.190*)產(chǎn)生了明顯的負(fù)向影響,主要體現(xiàn)在質(zhì)量(-0.179*)和成本(-0.180*)兩個(gè)方面。即建筑從業(yè)人員所承受的工作壓力水平越高,越難以實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量和成本的績(jī)效目標(biāo)。本研究對(duì)工作壓力源、工作壓力水平和工程項(xiàng)目績(jī)效及其相關(guān)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究,并取得了比較重要的結(jié)論。但是,由于各方面因素的限制,本論文還存在一些不足之處。例如,收集的樣本具有地域的局限性,工作壓力的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)還有待進(jìn)一步完善。在今后的研究中,可以擴(kuò)大研究地域的范圍,比較各地域之間的建筑從業(yè)人員工作壓力程度的差異,使研究成果更加全面和深入。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of China's construction industry, but the rapid development in the construction industry at the same time, accelerating the pace of life and the increasingly fierce competition in the industry, but also to bring enormous pressure to employees. China according to statistical data, as of the end of 2015, China's construction led the number of employees reached 50 million 30 thousand of total area. The total social employment 6.46%. for such a large number of practitioners, practitioners working pressure and influence, is very important for the healthy development of the construction industry. Because of excessive work pressure will cause a decline in personal performance, work enthusiasm, reduce the negative attitude, etc. Therefore, the construction personnel work pressure is too high impact on project performance. However, its importance compared to study the working pressure for the construction workers are relatively few. Based on the review of literature The empirical analysis, questionnaire and interview method, taking Suzhou construction personnel as the research object, set up the following three main objectives: (1) the key work pressure source identification of construction personnel, and personnel of different types (age, gender differences and professional direction) working pressure source; (2) analysis effect of different sources of work pressure on the construction personnel working pressure level; (3) the working pressure level to explore the construction of employees on the project performance. Based on these studies, a conceptual model of the source of pressure build pressure level -- influence of job stress, in order to further understand the influence of working pressure on Project performance and provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of effective stress management measures. The paper mainly includes six parts: the first part is the introduction. The main research papers were determined by reading literature Research content, research significance, research objectives and research methods, and establish the technology roadmap. The second part introduces the related theory of work pressure and project performance. The third part is the theoretical construction and research hypothesis. Based on literature review, builds the model of research needs, and puts forward the main hypothesis the research. The fourth part is the analysis of the questionnaire and data. Based on the questionnaire investigation results of SPSS22.0 software to test the reliability and validity, and factor analysis, descriptive analysis and correlation analysis. The fifth part of the interview. Interviews with 21 construction personnel, interactive verification and the results of the questionnaire. The sixth part is the conclusion and prospect. It summarizes the conclusions and deficiencies, put forward the direction of future research. In this study, a total of 175 copies of questionnaires, the effective questionnaire based on 83.4%. Statistical analysis on the questionnaire, combined with the analysis of the interview results, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the key sources of work pressure construction personnel and personnel of different types (age, gender and professional direction) difference analysis of work pressure source based on factors, sources of pressure building staff is six, according to the importance of the degree of order are: project requirements, occupation development, interpersonal relationship, organizational atmosphere, job requirements and working environment. The work requirements of the project is the main source of pressure. The age construction personnel working pressure source in different gender, and there is a significant difference between the three aspects of professional orientation, specific performance in: in the project requirements at the age of 41-50, the management staff of the highest pressure; in the work requirements, the pressure is higher than the male female; in terms of the working environment, the pressure of the male technicians. (2) different construction workers As the pressure source influence on job stress job requirements (0.439**) (0.416**), working environment, interpersonal relationship, organizational atmosphere (0.195*) (0.184*) (0.173*) and the requirements of the project work pressure source five aspects significantly improves the working pressure level of construction personnel. (3) the level of work pressure and work performance the pressure level of influence on the project performance and the evaluation index of the project (-0.190*) had a significant negative impact, mainly reflected in the quality and cost (-0.179*) (-0.180*) two aspects. The working pressure level construction personnel under the higher, more difficult to achieve the project quality and cost performance the target. This study on the source of work pressure, work pressure and level of project performance and the correlation was studied, and achieved important results. However, due to various factors, this thesis is still a Some shortcomings. For example, the limitation of samples collected with regional evaluation index, the working pressure remains to be further improved. In the future, can expand the scope of regional differences in the degree of work pressure, the comparison between the regional construction personnel, make the research results more comprehensive and in-depth.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.92;F272.92;F406.7

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