我國上市銀行資本結構優(yōu)化問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-14 01:02
【摘要】：商業(yè)銀行資本結構是商業(yè)銀行在殘酷的競爭中生存、發(fā)展、壯大的基礎,它的好壞直接關系到銀行本身抵御風險的能力。商業(yè)銀行資本結構的優(yōu)化問題,一直是理論界與實務界的熱門研究課題。從監(jiān)管視角上來看,在《商業(yè)銀行資本管理辦法》出臺以后,商業(yè)銀行資本結構有了一定變化,而這種變化正賦予了研究“商業(yè)銀行資本結構優(yōu)化”這一問題新的意義。本文選取了占據(jù)我國銀行業(yè)金融機構六成資產(chǎn)的16家上市商業(yè)銀行作為研究對象,在《商業(yè)銀行資本管理辦法》這一最新的資本監(jiān)管標準實施的背景下,研究我國上市銀行資本結構優(yōu)化問題。首先,本文將我國商業(yè)銀行的發(fā)展劃分為三個階段并分析資本結構在各個階段所表現(xiàn)出的特點。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著時間的推移,我國商業(yè)銀行資本充足水平逐步提高、資本結構逐步趨于合理化。其次,在新資本監(jiān)管標準的背景下,本文從資本充足水平、一級資本結構以及二級資本結構三個方面對我國上市商業(yè)銀行資本結構現(xiàn)狀進行分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在資本充足水平方面,所有上市銀行均符合目前監(jiān)管標準,但考慮到不合格二級資本工具退出問題,商業(yè)銀行有一定二級資本補充壓力;在一級資本結構方面,我國商業(yè)銀行一級資本占據(jù)了總資本的絕大多數(shù)比例,大型商業(yè)銀行普遍來說股權高度集中,并且近7成的商業(yè)銀行為國有控股;在二級資本結構方面,我國上市銀行二級資本占比相對較低,二級資本工具相對匱乏,符合新資本監(jiān)管標準的二級資本工具幾乎為零。除此之外,本文以資產(chǎn)增速、盈利能力、傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務占比、銀行風險、資本水平指數(shù)以及外部融資行為為自變量,通過面板數(shù)據(jù)進行回歸,分析其對商業(yè)銀行資本結構的影響。研究結果表明,資產(chǎn)增速、盈利能力、傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務占比、資本水平指數(shù)以及外源性融資對資本充足率均有顯著影響,分別呈現(xiàn)出負相關、正相關、正相關、負相關、正相關關系;不良貸款率對資本充足率影響不顯著。最后,基于前文研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題,本文從資本充足水平、一級資本結構以及二級資本結構三個方面,對我國商業(yè)銀行提出了幾點資本結構優(yōu)化建議。
[Abstract]:The capital structure of commercial banks is the basis of survival, development and growth of commercial banks in the cruel competition. Its quality is directly related to the ability of the banks to resist risks. The optimization of capital structure of commercial banks has always been a hot research topic in theory and practice. From the perspective of supervision, the capital structure of commercial banks has changed after the introduction of Capital Management measures of Commercial Banks, which has given new significance to the study of "Capital structure Optimization of Commercial Banks". This paper selects 16 listed commercial banks, which occupy 60% of the assets of the banking financial institutions in China, as the research object. Under the background of the implementation of the latest capital supervision standard, the measures for Capital Management of Commercial Banks, This paper studies the capital structure optimization of listed banks in China. Firstly, this paper divides the development of Chinese commercial banks into three stages and analyzes the characteristics of capital structure in each stage. It is found that with the passage of time, the capital adequacy level of commercial banks in China gradually increases and the capital structure tends to be rationalized. Secondly, under the background of the new capital supervision standard, this paper analyzes the present situation of capital structure of listed commercial banks in China from three aspects: capital adequacy level, first class capital structure and second class capital structure. The study found that all listed banks meet the current regulatory standards in terms of capital adequacy, but considering the withdrawal of unqualified second-tier capital instruments, commercial banks have a certain pressure to replenish second-tier capital; In the aspect of Tier 1 capital structure, Chinese commercial banks' Tier 1 capital accounts for the vast majority of the total capital. Large commercial banks generally have a high concentration of equity, and nearly 70% of the commercial banks are state-owned. In the aspect of the secondary capital structure, the proportion of the secondary capital in the listed banks in China is relatively low, and the second-level capital instruments are relatively scarce, and the second-class capital instruments that accord with the new capital supervision standard are almost zero. In addition, this paper takes asset growth rate, profitability, traditional business ratio, bank risk, capital level index and external financing behavior as independent variables, and analyzes its influence on the capital structure of commercial banks through panel data. The results show that asset growth, profitability, the proportion of traditional business, capital level index and exogenous financing have significant effects on capital adequacy ratio, showing negative correlation, positive correlation, negative correlation and positive correlation respectively. The influence of non-performing loan ratio on capital adequacy ratio is not significant. Finally, based on the problems found in the previous study, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the optimization of capital structure of Chinese commercial banks from three aspects: capital adequacy level, first class capital structure and second class capital structure.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F832.33
本文編號：2377597
[Abstract]:The capital structure of commercial banks is the basis of survival, development and growth of commercial banks in the cruel competition. Its quality is directly related to the ability of the banks to resist risks. The optimization of capital structure of commercial banks has always been a hot research topic in theory and practice. From the perspective of supervision, the capital structure of commercial banks has changed after the introduction of Capital Management measures of Commercial Banks, which has given new significance to the study of "Capital structure Optimization of Commercial Banks". This paper selects 16 listed commercial banks, which occupy 60% of the assets of the banking financial institutions in China, as the research object. Under the background of the implementation of the latest capital supervision standard, the measures for Capital Management of Commercial Banks, This paper studies the capital structure optimization of listed banks in China. Firstly, this paper divides the development of Chinese commercial banks into three stages and analyzes the characteristics of capital structure in each stage. It is found that with the passage of time, the capital adequacy level of commercial banks in China gradually increases and the capital structure tends to be rationalized. Secondly, under the background of the new capital supervision standard, this paper analyzes the present situation of capital structure of listed commercial banks in China from three aspects: capital adequacy level, first class capital structure and second class capital structure. The study found that all listed banks meet the current regulatory standards in terms of capital adequacy, but considering the withdrawal of unqualified second-tier capital instruments, commercial banks have a certain pressure to replenish second-tier capital; In the aspect of Tier 1 capital structure, Chinese commercial banks' Tier 1 capital accounts for the vast majority of the total capital. Large commercial banks generally have a high concentration of equity, and nearly 70% of the commercial banks are state-owned. In the aspect of the secondary capital structure, the proportion of the secondary capital in the listed banks in China is relatively low, and the second-level capital instruments are relatively scarce, and the second-class capital instruments that accord with the new capital supervision standard are almost zero. In addition, this paper takes asset growth rate, profitability, traditional business ratio, bank risk, capital level index and external financing behavior as independent variables, and analyzes its influence on the capital structure of commercial banks through panel data. The results show that asset growth, profitability, the proportion of traditional business, capital level index and exogenous financing have significant effects on capital adequacy ratio, showing negative correlation, positive correlation, negative correlation and positive correlation respectively. The influence of non-performing loan ratio on capital adequacy ratio is not significant. Finally, based on the problems found in the previous study, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the optimization of capital structure of Chinese commercial banks from three aspects: capital adequacy level, first class capital structure and second class capital structure.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F832.33
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