【摘要】：20世紀(jì)80年代以來,我國銀行業(yè)取得了空前的發(fā)展。國有商業(yè)銀行紛紛進(jìn)行股份制改造,加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制,提高服務(wù)水平,五家國有商業(yè)銀行已經(jīng)全部上市；股份制商業(yè)銀行和城鎮(zhèn)商業(yè)銀行轉(zhuǎn)制改組,擴(kuò)大規(guī)模,提高業(yè)務(wù)量,提高經(jīng)營水平,已成為我國銀行業(yè)的重要組成部分；國內(nèi)金融市場(chǎng)進(jìn)一步開放,大量外資銀行入住,向我國商業(yè)銀行發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)。上市商業(yè)銀行是我國銀行業(yè)中最重要的一部分,其經(jīng)營業(yè)績的好壞一直是社會(huì)各界關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。建立商業(yè)銀行績效評(píng)價(jià)模型,有助于提高商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營管理水平,降低金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn),維護(hù)正常經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行,促進(jìn)金融資源的優(yōu)化配置,協(xié)調(diào)股東、經(jīng)驗(yàn)管理者、客戶和員工的利益,調(diào)動(dòng)各方的積極性,提高經(jīng)濟(jì)水平,維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。 本文在梳理國內(nèi)外研究文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從商業(yè)銀行的三性,即“流動(dòng)性”、“盈利性”、“安全性”對(duì)我國上市商業(yè)銀行績效進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。實(shí)證分析為兩部分,第一部分是運(yùn)用單要素指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)方法,對(duì)我國14家’上市商業(yè)銀行的2004年-2010年的10項(xiàng)財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行比較研究,得出以下結(jié)論：國有商業(yè)銀行和股份制商業(yè)銀行通過股改上市在流動(dòng)性、盈利性、安全性這三方面的表現(xiàn)均有所提升,績效水平有所提高,上市后,二者之間的差距亦有所縮小。第二部分為因子分析,即運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件SPSS分別以2004年和2010年我國14家上市商業(yè)銀行的9項(xiàng)財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)為樣本數(shù)據(jù),建立因子分析模型,并進(jìn)行排序和評(píng)價(jià),得出以下結(jié)論：國有商業(yè)銀行與股份制商業(yè)銀行的績效水平在上市后均有所提高,如流動(dòng)性有所加強(qiáng)、盈利水平提高、安全性提高。國有商業(yè)銀行的績效水平整體上仍不如股份制商業(yè)銀行的績效水平,但這種差距已經(jīng)縮小。兩種方法互相驗(yàn)證。最后,在單因素指標(biāo)分析和因子分析法的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)國有商業(yè)銀行和股份制商業(yè)銀行分別提出對(duì)策建議,包括國有商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)繼續(xù)深入推進(jìn)公司治理改革,持續(xù)提高資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量,提升盈利能力；股份制商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)擴(kuò)大資產(chǎn)規(guī)模,明確市場(chǎng)定位。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980's, China's banking industry has made unprecedented development. State-owned commercial banks have carried out joint stock system reform, strengthen risk control, improve the service level, the five state-owned commercial banks have all listed on the market; The transformation and reorganization of joint-stock commercial banks and urban commercial banks, the expansion of scale, the improvement of business volume and the improvement of management level, have become an important part of China's banking industry. With the further opening of the domestic financial market, a large number of foreign banks have moved in, challenging our commercial banks. Listed commercial banks are the most important part of the banking industry in our country. The establishment of commercial bank performance evaluation model will help to improve the management level of commercial banks, reduce financial risks, maintain normal economic operation, promote the optimal allocation of financial resources, coordinate the interests of shareholders, experienced managers, customers and employees. We will mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, raise our economic level, and maintain social stability. On the basis of combing the domestic and foreign research literature, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the performance of listed commercial banks in China from three aspects, namely, "liquidity", "profitability" and "security". The empirical analysis consists of two parts. The first part is a comparative study of 10 financial indicators of 14 'listed commercial banks in China from 2004 to 2010 by using the method of single factor index evaluation. The following conclusions are drawn: State-owned commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks have improved their performance in liquidity, profitability and security through share reform, and their performance level has been improved. The gap between the two also narrowed. The second part is factor analysis, that is, using the statistical software SPSS as the sample data of 9 financial indexes of 14 listed commercial banks in China in 2004 and 2010, the model of factor analysis is established, and the ranking and evaluation are carried out. The following conclusions are drawn: the performance level of both state-owned commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks has been improved after listing, such as enhanced liquidity, higher profit level and higher security. The performance level of state-owned commercial banks is still lower than that of joint-stock commercial banks as a whole, but the gap has narrowed. The two methods verify each other. Finally, on the basis of single factor index analysis and factor analysis, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to state-owned commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks, including that state-owned commercial banks should continue to promote the reform of corporate governance and continuously improve the quality of assets. Enhance profitability; Stock-holding commercial banks should expand the scale of assets and define the market position.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F832.3;F224

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