【摘要】：廣州科技型小微企業(yè)有助于促進當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟發(fā)展、提供更多的就業(yè)機會、維護社會穩(wěn)定、推動相關(guān)的技術(shù)進步、促進制度的創(chuàng)新等方面發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。然而企業(yè)受其自身規(guī)模以及整個大環(huán)境等影響,其信貸機會少,融資問題突出。廣州科技型小微企業(yè)在融資問題上普遍存在很大的困難。為解決廣州科技型小微企業(yè)融資難的問題,本文運用問卷調(diào)查法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法,重點研究廣州科技型小微企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀、問題、原因及對策。首先,重點調(diào)查了廣州市海珠科技產(chǎn)業(yè)園,廣州民營科技園,廣州天河軟件園,中國科協(xié)廣州科技園,清華科技園廣州創(chuàng)新基地等幾大科技園區(qū)的科技型小微企業(yè)。包括融資成本、渠道、缺口和難易程度,其中還包括企業(yè)實現(xiàn)融資的擔(dān)保問題。在調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn),廣州科技型小微企業(yè)資金需求大,78.75%的企業(yè)表示一年內(nèi)有過1—3次的借款;企業(yè)擔(dān)保方式不足,企業(yè)在銀行貸款中普遍存在抵押擔(dān)保單一和不足,26.25%的企業(yè)沒有任何擔(dān)保;融資難度大,76.25%的科技型小微企業(yè)覺得融資的資金缺口較大,難度不小,約有八成以上的科技型小微企業(yè)面臨著資金缺口的問題;融資渠道缺乏,51.25%的資金來源于自有資金;融資成本高,73.75%的科技型小微企業(yè)認(rèn)為當(dāng)前的融資成本比較高。根據(jù)調(diào)查的現(xiàn)狀,本文分析出廣州科技型小微企業(yè)融資存在企業(yè)資金缺口大,融資難,融資市場的規(guī)模不大,政府所能提供的支持太少、服務(wù)有限,專業(yè)機構(gòu)對企業(yè)的服務(wù)不足等問題。本文利用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法實證分析了廣州科技型小微企業(yè)融資影響因素,認(rèn)為影響科技型小微企業(yè)融資情況的原因分為內(nèi)外兩個方面,外因主要是政府扶持力度的不足,金融機構(gòu)服務(wù)體系不完善,信用擔(dān)保體系的缺陷,內(nèi)部原因主要有企業(yè)財務(wù)制度不規(guī)范,企業(yè)管理水平比較差,企業(yè)沒有足夠的擔(dān)保抵押物。基于上述原因和存在的問題,筆者認(rèn)為政府必須要加大對小微企業(yè)的扶持力度,改善金融機構(gòu)的服務(wù)體系,建立健全的信用擔(dān)保體系,規(guī)范企業(yè)的財務(wù)管理制度,推行先進的企業(yè)管理方式,樹立良好的企業(yè)信用形象等加強廣州科技型小微企業(yè)融資的合理化對策。
[Abstract]:Guangzhou science and technology small and micro enterprises play an irreplaceable role in promoting local economic development, providing more employment opportunities, maintaining social stability, promoting related technological progress and promoting institutional innovation. However, affected by its own size and the whole environment, enterprises have less credit opportunities and outstanding financing problems. Guangzhou science and technology-based small and micro-enterprises generally have great difficulties in financing. In order to solve the problem of financing difficulty of Guangzhou science and technology small and micro enterprises, this paper focuses on the present situation, problems, causes and countermeasures of Guangzhou science and technology small and micro enterprises by means of questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics. First of all, focus on the investigation of Guangzhou Haizhu Science and Technology Park, Guangzhou Private Science and Technology Park, Guangzhou Tianhe Software Park, China Science and Technology Association Guangzhou Science and Technology Park, Qinghua Science and Technology Park Guangzhou innovation base, etc. Including financing costs, channels, gaps and degree of difficulty, including corporate financing guarantee. In the survey, Guangzhou science and technology small and micro enterprises have a large demand for funds, 78.75% of enterprises said that there have been 1-3 times of borrowing in one year; The enterprise guarantee way is insufficient, the enterprise generally exists the mortgage guarantee in the bank loan single and insufficient, 26.25% enterprise does not have any guarantee; The financing difficulty is big, 76.25% of the small science and technology microenterprises feel that the financing gap is big, the difficulty is not small, about 80% of the small and micro science and technology enterprises are faced with the problem of the financing gap; The lack of financing channels, 51.25% of the funds from their own funds, financing costs are high, 73.75% of small and technological microenterprises think that the current financing costs are relatively high. According to the status quo of the investigation, this paper analyzes that there is a large financing gap, difficulty in financing, a small scale of financing market, too little support and limited services for small and micro high-tech enterprises in Guangzhou. The professional organization to the enterprise's service insufficiency and so on question. This paper empirically analyzes the influencing factors of financing of Guangzhou science and technology small and micro enterprises by means of mathematical statistics, and points out that the reasons that affect the financing of science and technology small and micro enterprises can be divided into internal and external aspects, and the external causes are mainly the lack of government support. The financial institution service system is imperfect, the credit guarantee system is defective, the internal reasons are mainly the enterprise financial system is not standardized, the enterprise management level is relatively poor, the enterprise does not have enough guarantee collateral. Based on the above reasons and existing problems, the author thinks that the government must strengthen the support to small and micro enterprises, improve the service system of financial institutions, establish a sound credit guarantee system, and standardize the financial management system of enterprises. Promote advanced enterprise management, establish good enterprise credit image and strengthen the rationalization countermeasure of Guangzhou science and technology small and micro enterprise financing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F276.44;F832.4

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