本文選題：小額貸款公司 + 可持續(xù)運(yùn)營(yíng)　； 參考：《天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自2005年底小額貸款公司試點(diǎn)工作開(kāi)展以來(lái),到目前為止小額貸款公司在中國(guó)的發(fā)展歷史有6年之多。2008年5月發(fā)布了《關(guān)于小額貸款公司試點(diǎn)的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》后,小額貸款公司在我國(guó)蓬勃發(fā)展。作為一種新型的農(nóng)村金融組織,小額貸款公司在一定程度上填補(bǔ)了正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)退出農(nóng)村后的金融空缺,打破了信用社在農(nóng)村金融上的壟斷格局,引進(jìn)了民間資本,緩解了“三農(nóng)”和中小企業(yè)融資難的問(wèn)題。小額貸款公司對(duì)活躍農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng),改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融服務(wù)發(fā)揮了重大作用。但是在6年的發(fā)展過(guò)程中,小額貸款公司也遇到了很多來(lái)自自身和外界環(huán)境的難題,例如資金匱乏、人才有限、監(jiān)管不明等問(wèn)題。如何解決這些問(wèn)題,使小額貸款公司可持續(xù)運(yùn)營(yíng)與發(fā)展,是本文探討的問(wèn)題。 本篇文章在介紹了小額信貸及小額貸款公司基礎(chǔ)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國(guó)小額貸款公司的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及特點(diǎn),利用案例調(diào)查法,定性與定量的分析了河北省小額貸款公司的運(yùn)營(yíng)狀況,從制度、自身發(fā)展、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制四個(gè)角度出發(fā),深入剖析了我國(guó)小額貸款公司在運(yùn)營(yíng)中面臨的困境及其產(chǎn)生的原因。之后,運(yùn)用歸納演繹的方法總結(jié)了孟加拉格菜珉鄉(xiāng)村銀行和印度尼西亞人民銀行鄉(xiāng)村信貸部的運(yùn)營(yíng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文借鑒了國(guó)外小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)營(yíng)經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)合了我國(guó)小額貸款公司的實(shí)際情況,有針對(duì)性的提出了我國(guó)小額貸款公司可持續(xù)運(yùn)營(yíng)的策略。這些策略包括四個(gè)方面：從政府角度講,要明確身份地位、進(jìn)行有效監(jiān)管、加大政策扶持力度、明確發(fā)展前景；從自身層面來(lái)講,要補(bǔ)充后續(xù)資金來(lái)源、完善內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)、加強(qiáng)培訓(xùn)提高員工素質(zhì)；在產(chǎn)品方面,要加大金融產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)新力度和推進(jìn)靈活多樣的擔(dān)保方式；在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方面,要加強(qiáng)信貸管理,培育良好的金融環(huán)境等。
[Abstract]:Since the launch of the pilot work of microfinance companies at the end of 2005, there have been as many as six years of development history of microfinance companies in China so far. After the release of the guidance on the pilot projects of Microcredit companies in May 2008, Microfinance companies are booming in China. As a new type of rural financial organization, microfinance companies to a certain extent filled the financial gap after the formal financial institutions withdrew from rural areas, broke the monopoly pattern of credit cooperatives in rural finance, and introduced private capital. Alleviates the "three rural" and the small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficulty question. Microfinance companies have played a major role in activating rural financial markets and improving financial services in rural areas. But in the six years of development, microfinance companies have also encountered a lot of problems from their own and external environment, such as lack of funds, limited talent, regulatory problems and so on. How to solve these problems and make microfinance companies sustainable operation and development is the problem discussed in this paper. On the basis of introducing the basic theory of micro-credit and micro-credit companies, and combining the development and characteristics of micro-credit companies in China, this article makes use of the case investigation method. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the operation of small loan companies in Hebei Province, from the system, self-development, product innovation and risk control four angles, This paper deeply analyzes the difficulties faced by microfinance companies in operation and their causes. After that, the operational experience of Grameen Bank of Bangladesh and the Credit Department of the people's Bank of Indonesia is summarized by inductive and deductive methods. On this basis, this paper draws lessons from the operation experience of foreign micro-credit institutions, combined with the actual situation of micro-credit companies in China, and puts forward the sustainable operation strategy of micro-credit companies in China. These strategies include four aspects: from the perspective of the government, it is necessary to define the status of identity, carry out effective supervision, increase policy support, and make clear the prospects for development; at its own level, it is necessary to supplement the sources of follow-up funds and improve the internal governance structure. Strengthen the training to improve the quality of employees; in the product, we should increase the innovation of financial products and promote flexible and diverse ways of guarantee; in the risk control, we should strengthen credit management, foster a good financial environment, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.4

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