中國(guó)上市公司價(jià)值的時(shí)間效應(yīng)及其內(nèi)生性研究
本文選題:公司價(jià)值 + 時(shí)間效應(yīng) ; 參考:《吉林大學(xué)》2012年博士論文
【摘要】:公司價(jià)值是現(xiàn)代金融學(xué)理論最重要的概念之一,作為公司金融決策的核心判別依據(jù),用于測(cè)度企業(yè)給予其利益相關(guān)者回報(bào)的能力,并且公司價(jià)值最大化已經(jīng)成為了企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的最終目標(biāo)。金融市場(chǎng)的典型化事實(shí)和已有的研究結(jié)論均已證明公司價(jià)值具有動(dòng)態(tài)特征,而投資決策、資本結(jié)構(gòu)和股利政策等因素變化帶來(lái)的沖擊構(gòu)成了公司價(jià)值變化的原因,即公司價(jià)值變化具有外生性特征。顯然,已有研究并未涉及公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化是否具有內(nèi)生性一般規(guī)律的問(wèn)題。關(guān)于公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化規(guī)律的理論主要是企業(yè)生命周期理論,描述了單一公司的價(jià)值從無(wú)到有,再?gòu)姆逯甸_始衰退,直至消亡的整個(gè)時(shí)變過(guò)程,并且認(rèn)為任何影響公司未來(lái)現(xiàn)金流和貼現(xiàn)率的因素都將對(duì)公司價(jià)值產(chǎn)生影響。生命周期理論討論了公司處于不同的發(fā)展階段,其規(guī)模、生產(chǎn)效率和融資選擇限制等外部環(huán)境差異所導(dǎo)致的公司價(jià)值自身的時(shí)變規(guī)律,還是強(qiáng)調(diào)公司價(jià)值時(shí)變的動(dòng)因來(lái)自外生沖擊,并未涉及公司處在某一個(gè)特定發(fā)展階段,其外部環(huán)境相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的條件下公司價(jià)值時(shí)變的內(nèi)生性問(wèn)題。 本文在學(xué)者們關(guān)于公司價(jià)值的內(nèi)涵、來(lái)源以及影響因素等領(lǐng)域研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,借助金融計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)實(shí)證方法采用中國(guó)證券市場(chǎng)的數(shù)據(jù),實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)發(fā)行上市后公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化的一般性規(guī)律,考察公司價(jià)值的變化是否存在時(shí)間效應(yīng),并基于貼現(xiàn)率、資本結(jié)構(gòu)、破產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和委托代理成本等影響公司價(jià)值最為顯著因素隨時(shí)間變化規(guī)律的實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),解釋公司價(jià)值時(shí)間效應(yīng)的內(nèi)生性原因。本文在前期研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,相信外生沖擊并不是上市公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化的全部原因,上市公司價(jià)值可能具有“內(nèi)生彎曲”的時(shí)變特征。 本論文的具體研究思路為:首先,建立公司價(jià)值時(shí)間效應(yīng)的實(shí)證研究模型,利用中國(guó)證券市場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)上市公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化的一般性規(guī)律,,分別實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)不同年度IPO的上市公司價(jià)值以及不同上市周期長(zhǎng)度的公司價(jià)值的時(shí)變特征,以全面地考察上市公司價(jià)值“是否”存在時(shí)間效應(yīng),以及上市公司價(jià)值“如何”隨時(shí)間變化的問(wèn)題;其次,考慮到充分的樣本數(shù)量是模型統(tǒng)計(jì)推斷正確的前提,本文選取2001年至2007年的七年中的上市公司有效樣本僅有314家,整體的樣本數(shù)量,尤其是最后幾年的樣本數(shù)量偏少,得到的統(tǒng)計(jì)推斷結(jié)果不一定能夠準(zhǔn)確地刻畫整體樣本的特征,因此采用一種放回再抽樣的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法對(duì)上市公司價(jià)值的時(shí)變特征進(jìn)行再檢驗(yàn),以克服樣本稀缺的問(wèn)題;再次,實(shí)證研究上市公司價(jià)值變化的幾個(gè)最重要的影響因素——貼現(xiàn)率、資本結(jié)構(gòu)、破產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和委托代理成本等隨時(shí)間變化的特征,進(jìn)而分析上市公司價(jià)值時(shí)間效應(yīng)存在的內(nèi)生性原因,即回答“為什么”上市公司價(jià)值具有內(nèi)生時(shí)變特征的問(wèn)題。顯然,財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)既是影響上市公司價(jià)值變化的重要因素,同時(shí)也刻畫了上市公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程和直接成果,選擇適當(dāng)?shù)呢?cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)對(duì)上述影響因素進(jìn)行測(cè)度,并分別進(jìn)行時(shí)間效應(yīng)檢驗(yàn),能夠進(jìn)一步解釋上市公司價(jià)值內(nèi)生時(shí)變的原因。 研究結(jié)論表明:外生沖擊并不是上市公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化的全部原因,上市公司價(jià)值的時(shí)變特征呈現(xiàn)典型的U型曲線,且實(shí)證結(jié)論穩(wěn)健,說(shuō)明上市公司價(jià)值確實(shí)具有時(shí)間效應(yīng),即隨著時(shí)間的推移先上升后下降;基于財(cái)務(wù)信息中關(guān)于上市公司價(jià)值影響因素的實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,上市公司的貼現(xiàn)率、破產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和資本結(jié)構(gòu)等因素共同構(gòu)成了上市公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化表現(xiàn)出典型的U型曲線特征的內(nèi)生性原因;基于隨機(jī)前沿模型測(cè)度的上市公司委托代理成本隨時(shí)間變化呈現(xiàn)出了單調(diào)線性特征,與上市公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間變化呈現(xiàn)出的典型U型曲線特征存在差異,表明上市公司委托代理的時(shí)變特征是影響上市公司價(jià)值時(shí)變的內(nèi)生性原因,但只是驅(qū)動(dòng)上市公司價(jià)值隨時(shí)間不斷下降的原因。 總之,本論文在考慮上市公司普遍處于企業(yè)生命周期的特定階段,所面臨的外部環(huán)境(如融資成本、監(jiān)管環(huán)境等)基本穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)上,選擇中國(guó)證券市場(chǎng)上市公司作為研究對(duì)象,實(shí)證研究上市公司價(jià)值的時(shí)間效應(yīng)及其內(nèi)生性特征,為后續(xù)關(guān)于公司價(jià)值影響因素的科學(xué)研究提供了一個(gè)新的視角和實(shí)證數(shù)據(jù)支持。
[Abstract]:The value of the company is one of the most important concepts in modern finance theory . As the core criterion of corporate financial decision - making , the value maximization of the company has become the ultimate goal of enterprise management .
Based on the scholars ' research achievements in the fields of the connotation , origin and influencing factors of the company ' s value , the paper uses the empirical method of financial econometrics to analyze the general rule of the value of the company after the issuance of the post - marketing company , and to examine whether the change of the value of the company has the time effect , and the intrinsic reason of the company ' s value time effect is explained based on the empirical test of the change rule of the company value .
Based on the empirical research model of the company ' s value time effect , the paper uses the data of Chinese stock market to empirically test the general rule of the value of the listed company over time , to empirically test the time - varying characteristics of the value of the listed company and the value of the company with different period length , so as to comprehensively investigate whether the value of the listed company has time effect and how the value of the listed company is changed over time .
Secondly , considering that the sufficient number of samples is the premise of the conclusion that the model statistics are correct , this paper selects only 314 effective samples of the listed companies in the seven years from 2001 to 2007 , the total number of samples , especially the number of samples in the last few years , so that the obtained statistical inference results do not necessarily accurately depict the characteristics of the whole sample , so the time - varying characteristics of the value of the listed companies are re - tested by a statistical method of back - sampling , so as to overcome the problem of scarcity of samples ;
Thirdly , the paper analyzes the reasons why the value of listed companies has the endogenous time - varying characteristics . It is clear that the financial indicators are not only the important factors that affect the value change of listed companies , but also the business process and the direct result of listed companies , choose the appropriate financial indicators to measure the above - mentioned factors , and then conduct the time - effect test , which can further explain the reasons of the endogenous time - varying of the value of listed companies .
The research conclusion shows that exogenous shocks are not all the causes of the change of the value of listed companies over time . The time - varying characteristics of the value of listed companies present a typical U - shaped curve , and the empirical conclusion is robust .
Based on the empirical results of the influencing factors of the value of listed companies in the financial information , the factors such as discount rate , bankruptcy risk and capital structure of listed companies together form the intrinsic reason of the typical U - shaped curve characteristic of the value of listed companies over time .
Based on the stochastic frontier model measure , the cost of entrusted agent of listed company shows the monotony linear characteristic , and the characteristic of typical U - shaped curve which shows the value of listed company varies with time , indicates that the time - varying characteristic of the principal agent of listed company is the intrinsic reason that affects the time - varying of the listed company , but it is only the reason why the value of listed company decreases with time .
In short , the thesis selects China ' s securities market listed company as the research object on the basis of the basic stability of the external environment ( such as financing cost , regulatory environment , etc . ) which is generally at the specific stage of the enterprise life cycle , and provides a new visual angle and empirical data support for the subsequent scientific research on the influence factors of the company value .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:F832.51;F275;F224
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