本文選題：可持續(xù)發(fā)展 + 可持續(xù)發(fā)展測(cè)度�。� 參考：《東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念自誕生之日起就引發(fā)了學(xué)術(shù)界眾多的質(zhì)疑、爭(zhēng)論,目前唯一能夠達(dá)成共識(shí)的觀點(diǎn)是：為了全人類(lèi)共同的利益,必須力求實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。為了達(dá)到這一目標(biāo),首要的工作就是對(duì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行全面、科學(xué)和客觀的測(cè)度。目前各國(guó)的研究者從理論或現(xiàn)實(shí)的不同角度,提出了許多可持續(xù)發(fā)展測(cè)度方法,比較著名的就有綠色GDP、生態(tài)足跡方法等。世界銀行開(kāi)發(fā)的真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄方法將國(guó)民財(cái)富與可持續(xù)發(fā)展聯(lián)系到一起,認(rèn)為財(cái)富、福利與可持續(xù)發(fā)展是緊密聯(lián)系的,提醒民眾和決策者意識(shí)到資源、環(huán)境等自然福利因素和教育的重要性。經(jīng)作者對(duì)這一方法的系統(tǒng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度方法的理論基礎(chǔ)以及測(cè)度技術(shù)雖然在目前存在各種缺陷,但這并不妨礙它作為一種合理的可持續(xù)發(fā)展測(cè)度方法為公眾提供相應(yīng)的信息。而且在對(duì)其進(jìn)行批評(píng)研究的過(guò)程中,對(duì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展與可持續(xù)發(fā)展測(cè)度的探尋又加深了一步。因此作者更愿意把本文看作是一個(gè)楔子,一個(gè)起點(diǎn),雖然研究主題是真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄的測(cè)度理論與方法,但是真正的研究對(duì)象是對(duì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展路徑和可持續(xù)發(fā)展測(cè)度的核心問(wèn)題,這對(duì)當(dāng)前的中國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究更有參考價(jià)值。 本文是對(duì)真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度理論與方法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性研究,全文共分為七章。 第一章為序言,主要介紹文章的研究背景、意義及國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。 第二章與第三章是真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄理論導(dǎo)論。這兩部分是理解與研究真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄的必要前提與基礎(chǔ)。 第二章是對(duì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展基本概念與理論的闡釋。本章主要介紹的是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的基本概念,闡明經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家是如何思考可持續(xù)性問(wèn)題的,特別是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家如何通過(guò)建立模型來(lái)探索可持續(xù)性的條件、評(píng)價(jià)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的方式是否滿足可持續(xù)性目標(biāo)以及為之提出政策建議,同時(shí)還將討論生態(tài)學(xué)家對(duì)可持續(xù)性的思考。 在第三章中作者將對(duì)國(guó)民財(cái)富核算的理論、方法以及最新的研究成果進(jìn)行介紹與分析。當(dāng)代的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為財(cái)富、福利與可持續(xù)發(fā)展是緊密聯(lián)系的。當(dāng)前的國(guó)民財(cái)富存量被認(rèn)為是未來(lái)消費(fèi)的現(xiàn)值,也是未來(lái)社會(huì)福利實(shí)現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)。由此,可持續(xù)發(fā)展就是創(chuàng)造、保持和管理財(cái)富的過(guò)程。國(guó)民財(cái)富核算與真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度,是分別針對(duì)財(cái)富存量與流量的評(píng)估,進(jìn)而對(duì)一國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力進(jìn)行判斷。 第四章到第六章是本文的核心部分,將按照“理論研究——方法研究——實(shí)證研究”的路徑,對(duì)真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄進(jìn)行深入系統(tǒng)研究。 第四章為真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄的理論思辨。真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄可以被視為是新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的一個(gè)具體應(yīng)用,是新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家在對(duì)市場(chǎng)、資源、社會(huì)福利綜合考慮,探求可持續(xù)發(fā)展路徑的成果。新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的三個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)法則——霍特林法則、Solow-Hartwick模型和弱可持續(xù)發(fā)展范式,如同三個(gè)支柱支撐著真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄理論。但是任何一個(gè)有經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)常識(shí)的人都應(yīng)該明確的知道,每一種經(jīng)濟(jì)模型都建立嚴(yán)格的經(jīng)驗(yàn)假設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)之上的,是對(duì)復(fù)雜現(xiàn)實(shí)的簡(jiǎn)化。本章將對(duì)真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄理論的三個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)模型進(jìn)行理論思辨,其中的分析將會(huì)更全面客觀的認(rèn)識(shí)真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度提供依據(jù),并指出由某些“假設(shè)”帶來(lái)的先天性缺陷。 第五章是真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄的方法研究。測(cè)度方法很重要,它關(guān)系到從財(cái)富來(lái)測(cè)度可持續(xù)發(fā)展的嘗試能否最終實(shí)現(xiàn)。真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度方法從本質(zhì)上來(lái)說(shuō)還是一種綠色GDP的變形,它最重要的工作是在現(xiàn)有GDP的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)資源損耗與環(huán)境污染損失進(jìn)行貨幣化評(píng)估。這也是真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度最大的難點(diǎn)。因此,在對(duì)最后結(jié)果的經(jīng)濟(jì)解釋和政策指導(dǎo)必須注意到評(píng)估工作的現(xiàn)實(shí)難度和真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄測(cè)度理論本身的缺陷。本章將以中國(guó)的“真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄”數(shù)據(jù)為例,對(duì)這一問(wèn)題進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。 第六章中運(yùn)用前文中的研究成果,利用真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄方法對(duì)2000-2009年間遼寧省可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。在對(duì)最終結(jié)果的分析時(shí),作者更重視與現(xiàn)實(shí)情況的結(jié)合以及在計(jì)算過(guò)程中呈現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)與資源環(huán)境之間聯(lián)系的特點(diǎn)。進(jìn)一步的,對(duì)真實(shí)儲(chǔ)蓄各個(gè)組成部分進(jìn)行分析,尋找到財(cái)富增長(zhǎng)的具體原因,更重要的是財(cái)富的增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)了什么,是更多的社會(huì)福利還是更多的環(huán)境污染。最后結(jié)合研究結(jié)論,提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。 第七章是對(duì)全文研究進(jìn)行總結(jié),并對(duì)未來(lái)研究提出展望。
[Abstract]:The concept of sustainable development has caused many questions in the academic world since its birth. The only point of argument, at present, is that it is necessary to achieve sustainable development for the common interests of all mankind. In order to achieve this goal, the first work is to carry out a comprehensive, scientific and objective situation for the status of sustainable development. At present, researchers in various countries have put forward a lot of measures for sustainable development from different angles of theory or reality. The famous methods are green GDP and ecological footprint. The real savings method developed by the world bank links national wealth with sustainable development, and believes that wealth, welfare and sustainable development are closely linked. A systematic study of the natural welfare factors, such as resources and environment, and the importance of education. A systematic study of this method by the author has found that the theoretical basis of the real savings measure and the measurement technology, although there are various defects at present, do not obstruct it as a reasonable measure of sustainable development. The author is more willing to consider this article as a wedge and a starting point, although the research topic is the measurement theory and method of real storage, but the real research is done. The object is the core issue of sustainable development path and sustainable development measurement, which is more valuable for China's sustainable development research.
This paper is a systematic study of the theory and method of real savings measurement. The full text is divided into seven chapters.
The first chapter is the preface, which mainly introduces the research background, significance and research status at home and abroad.
The second and third chapters are an introduction to the theory of real savings. These two parts are necessary prerequisites and foundations for understanding and studying real savings.
The second chapter is an explanation of the basic concepts and theories of sustainable development. This chapter mainly introduces the basic concepts of sustainable development, clarifies how economists think about sustainability, especially how economists explore the conditions of sustainability by establishing models and evaluate the sustainability of economic activities. Objectives and policy recommendations, while ecologists will also consider sustainability.
In the third chapter, the author will introduce and analyze the theory, method and the latest research results of national wealth accounting. Contemporary economists believe that wealth, welfare and sustainable development are closely linked. The current stock of national wealth is considered as the present value of future consumption and the basis for the realization of future social welfare. Sustainable development is the process of creating, maintaining and managing wealth. The measure of national wealth accounting and real savings is to assess the stock and flow of wealth, and then to judge the capacity of a country's sustainable development.
The fourth chapter to the sixth chapter is the core part of this article. It will make a thorough and systematic study of real savings in accordance with the path of "theoretical research - Method Research - Empirical Study".
The fourth chapter is the theoretical speculation of real savings. Real savings can be regarded as a specific application of neoclassical economics. It is the result of the new classical economists taking the market, resources, social welfare into consideration and exploring the path of sustainable development. The three economic principles of neoclassical economics, Hotelling's law, Solow-Hartwick model And the weak sustainable development paradigm, as three pillars support the real savings theory. But anyone with economic common sense should know clearly that every economic model is based on strict empirical assumptions and is a simplification of complex realities. This chapter will rationale the three economic models of real savings theory. The analysis will provide a basis for a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the real savings measure, and point out the congenital defects caused by certain assumptions.
The fifth chapter is the study of the method of real savings. The measurement method is very important. It is related to the ultimate realization of the attempt to measure the sustainable development from wealth. The real savings measure is essentially a green GDP deformation, and its most important work is on the loss of resources and environmental pollution on the basis of the existing GDP. It is also the most difficult point to measure the real savings. Therefore, in the economic interpretation and policy guidance of the final results, it is necessary to pay attention to the practical difficulty of the assessment and the defects of the real savings measure theory itself. This chapter will take the Chinese "real savings" data as an example to explain the problem.
The sixth chapter uses the research results in the previous article to evaluate the sustainable development capacity of Liaoning Province in the past 2000-2009 years by using the real savings method. In the analysis of the final results, the author pays more attention to the combination of the actual situation and the characteristics of the relationship between the economic and resource environment in the process of calculation. Each component is analyzed in order to find out the specific reasons for the growth of wealth. What is more important is what the growth of wealth brings, more social welfare or more environmental pollution. Finally, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward in combination with the conclusions of the research.
The seventh chapter is the summary of the full text research and prospects for future research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F224;F830.48

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