發(fā)布時間：2018-04-04 23:09

  本文選題：第三方支付機構　切入點：監(jiān)管政策　出處：《復旦大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著電子支付體系的逐步完善和電子商務的星火燎原,傳統(tǒng)的銀行業(yè)所能提供的電子支付早已不能滿足電子商務靈活快捷的支付需求。于是第三方支付機構應運而生,自2003年至今,在十年時間內(nèi)由最初的幾家發(fā)展成為三百多家。第三方支付在電子商務領域支付份額在逐年提升的同時,在整體社會消費品零售總額中的占比也不斷增加,市場交易規(guī)模以千億元計算。 盡管發(fā)展迅速,但從事金融業(yè)務的“灰色”身份一直困擾著第三方支付機構,這些機構從事著代收款、付款、擔保、結算、虛擬賬戶等金融服務的功能,但一直被排除在金融監(jiān)管體系之外。第三方支付機構自身所存在的大額沉淀資金衍生收益的歸屬問題、信用卡虛假套現(xiàn)風險、洗錢活動的風險、信息安全與網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)安全問題、法律合規(guī)問題等等一系列的問題,都因為無政策監(jiān)管而無從解決。 針對第三方支付機構進行政策監(jiān)管的呼聲一直很高,第三方支付機構也并未體會到“環(huán)境寬松”的好處。也正是因為模糊的法律地位,所以第三方支付行業(yè)盡管有著高額的研發(fā)投入,是名副其實的“高新科技”行業(yè),但是也無法享受足夠的政策優(yōu)惠。以支付寶為代表的主要第三方支付機構也一直在呼吁有關部門能夠盡快制定更明確的法規(guī),以獲得被國家認可的合法身份。 在各方期盼中,一系列的第三方支付監(jiān)管政策終于在2010年開始浮出水面。自2010年6月頒布《非金融機構支付服務管理辦法》之后,圍繞第三方支付的 一系列政府監(jiān)管政策及行業(yè)管理辦法陸續(xù)出臺,這包括《非金融機構支付服務管理辦法實施細則》、《支付機構互聯(lián)網(wǎng)支付業(yè)務管理辦法征求意見稿》。同時,監(jiān)管機構開始向符合條件的第三方機構頒發(fā)《支付業(yè)務許可證》,中國支付清算協(xié)會也應約成立。 這些監(jiān)管政策的出臺,意味著我國第三方支付行業(yè)監(jiān)管的基本原則已經(jīng)確立,第三方支付行業(yè)正式邁入“監(jiān)管時代”,使得第三方支付機構已成為繼銀行、保險、證券、信托、融資租賃之后的又一大監(jiān)管類金融機構。雖然我國對于第三方支付行業(yè)的監(jiān)管已經(jīng)進入“深水區(qū)”,但政府的職能如何合理的運用,如何在管理市場的同時,更多的把職能定位在培育市場,并更多地采用法律的和市場的手段對第三方支付市場進行監(jiān)管,盡量減少計劃和政策變化給第三方支付行業(yè)帶來的沖擊,從而逐步建立政府監(jiān)管、行業(yè)自律、二者并重的監(jiān)管體制,這一系列的問題,還是值得我們進一步深入地進行思考與探索。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual improvement of the electronic payment system and the rapid development of electronic commerce, the electronic payment provided by the traditional banking industry has long been unable to meet the flexible and fast payment needs of electronic commerce.Since 2003, the third-party payment organizations have grown from the first few to more than 300 in ten years.While the share of third-party payment in the field of e-commerce is increasing year by year, the proportion of total retail sales of consumer goods in the whole society is also increasing, and the scale of market transactions is calculated as one hundred billion yuan.Despite the rapid growth, the "grey" identity of the financial business has plagued third-party payment agencies, which are engaged in the functions of financial services such as collection, payment, guarantee, settlement, virtual accounts, etc.But has been excluded from the financial regulatory system.Third party payment organizations themselves have a series of problems, such as the ownership of large amount of derivative proceeds of precipitated funds, the risk of false cash realization of credit cards, the risk of money laundering, the security of information and network systems, the issue of legal compliance, and so on.Because there is no policy supervision and can not solve.There have been strong calls for policy regulation of third-party payment agencies, and third-party payment agencies have failed to appreciate the benefits of "environmental easing."It is precisely because of the vague legal status that the third-party payment industry, despite its high R & D investment, is a "high-tech" industry worthy of its name, but it is unable to enjoy sufficient policy incentives.Major third-party payment agencies, represented by Alipay, have also been calling on authorities to enact clearer rules as soon as possible in order to obtain a legal status recognized by the state.Amid expectations, a series of third-party payments regulations finally began to surface in 2010.Since the promulgation of the measures for the Administration of payment Services of Non-Financial institutions in June 2010, payments have been made around third parties.A series of government supervision policies and industry management measures have been issued one after another, including the "rules for the implementation of the measures for the Administration of payment Services of Non-Financial institutions" and the "draft for soliciting opinions on the Administration of Internet payment Business of payment institutions".At the same time, regulators began issuing payment licenses to eligible third parties, and the China payment Clearing Association should be established.The introduction of these regulatory policies means that the basic principles of the regulation of the third-party payment industry in China have been established, and the third-party payment industry has formally entered the "regulatory era", which has made the third-party payment organization become a successor to banks, insurance, securities and trusts.Financial leasing after another major regulatory financial institutions.Although our country's supervision of third-party payment industry has entered the "deep water area", how to use the functions of the government reasonably, how to manage the market, and how to position the function more in the cultivation market at the same time.And more legal and market means are used to supervise the third-party payment market, so as to minimize the impact of plan and policy changes on the third-party payment industry, so as to gradually establish government supervision and industry self-discipline.This series of problems is worth our further thinking and exploration.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D630;F724.6;F832.2

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