本文選題：金融發(fā)展　切入點(diǎn)：城鄉(xiāng)收入差距　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要是對(duì)金融發(fā)展與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究。首先回顧和總結(jié)了前人對(duì)于金融發(fā)展與收入差距之間關(guān)系的理論觀點(diǎn)和實(shí)證結(jié)果,隨后從理論上分析了金融發(fā)展是通過如何的途徑影響到城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的,本文認(rèn)為金融發(fā)展對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響途徑有三條：金融發(fā)展通過城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)二元結(jié)構(gòu)影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距；金融發(fā)展通過門檻效應(yīng)影響收入差距；金融發(fā)展通過降低貧困效應(yīng),提高農(nóng)村地區(qū)貧困者的收入從而影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。接下來,本文對(duì)中國金融發(fā)展與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的現(xiàn)狀與趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距水平與國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)金融政策密切相關(guān),國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)金融政策影響著城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的走勢(shì)。但是,最近幾年城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的變化趨勢(shì)似乎不受國家政策的制約,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距并沒有因?yàn)閲曳e極的政策而得到縮小。在對(duì)我國金融發(fā)展進(jìn)行細(xì)致的研究和分析后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了我國金融獨(dú)特的地方,以國有銀行為代表的銀行體系占據(jù)著中國金融體系的主導(dǎo)位置,間接融資依然是我國融資系統(tǒng)中的絕對(duì)主體,與銀行業(yè)相比,證券、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展還很弱小。盡管以銀行為主的金融業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,但金融資源主要集中在城市,金融資源在城鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)的分配嚴(yán)重失衡,這或許是造成中國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距不斷拉大的一個(gè)重要原因。 實(shí)證部分,本文采用1978-2010年間的省級(jí)面板數(shù)據(jù)通過動(dòng)態(tài)面板數(shù)據(jù)模型對(duì)我國金融發(fā)展與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距之間的關(guān)系做實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果顯示：中國金融發(fā)展與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距顯著正相關(guān)。隨后根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平把樣本區(qū)間分成三個(gè)不同的樣本,分別對(duì)三個(gè)樣本做實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),三組的檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果都顯示金融發(fā)展擴(kuò)大了城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。但是,不同經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平下金融發(fā)展對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響力度明顯不一樣,在相對(duì)較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平樣本組,影響系數(shù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于前兩組,這一結(jié)果似乎也證明金融發(fā)展對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響與經(jīng)濟(jì)整體的發(fā)展程度有關(guān)。實(shí)證以后,本文分析了中國金融發(fā)展擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的原因。最后,從金融發(fā)展的視角對(duì)縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距提供相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies the relationship between financial development and urban-rural income gap. Firstly, it reviews and summarizes the previous theoretical views and empirical results on the relationship between financial development and income gap. Then it analyzes theoretically how the financial development affects the income gap between urban and rural areas. This paper holds that there are three ways for financial development to affect the income gap between urban and rural areas: financial development affects urban-rural income gap through urban-rural economic dual structure; financial development affects income gap through threshold effect; financial development affects income gap by reducing poverty. Increasing the income of the poor in rural areas will affect the income gap between urban and rural areas. Next, this paper analyzes the current situation and trend of financial development and urban-rural income gap in China. It is found that the income gap between urban and rural areas in China is closely related to the country's economic and financial policies, which affect the trend of the urban-rural income gap. The changing trend of urban-rural income gap in recent years seems to be independent of national policies, and the urban-rural income gap has not been narrowed by the active policies of the state. We find that the banking system, represented by state-owned banks, occupies the dominant position in China's financial system, and indirect financing is still the absolute main body of China's financing system, compared with the banking industry, securities. The development of the insurance industry is still very weak. Although the banking industry is developing rapidly and its scale is constantly expanding, the financial resources are mainly concentrated in cities, and the distribution of financial resources in urban and rural areas is seriously unbalanced. This may be an important reason for the widening income gap between urban and rural China. In the empirical part, we use the provincial panel data from 1978 to 2010 to test the relationship between financial development and urban-rural income gap through dynamic panel data model. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the financial development and the urban-rural income gap in China. Then, according to the level of economic development, the sample interval is divided into three different samples, and the three samples are tested empirically. The results of the three groups showed that the financial development had widened the urban-rural income gap. However, the impact of financial development on the urban-rural income gap was obviously different under different economic development levels, and in the sample group with relatively high economic development level, The influence coefficient is much smaller than the first two groups. This result also seems to prove that the impact of financial development on the urban-rural income gap is related to the degree of economic development as a whole. This paper analyzes the reasons for the financial development in China to expand the urban-rural income gap. Finally, from the perspective of financial development, it provides relevant policy recommendations to narrow the urban-rural income gap.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F832;F224

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