發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-12 10:49

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中小企業(yè) 信貸融資 地方政府　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界研究成果,由于金融機(jī)構(gòu)的信貸供給和中小企業(yè)資金需求之間存在著“麥克米倫缺口”,加之金融機(jī)構(gòu)的信貸配給因素、發(fā)展中國(guó)家的金融抵制政策、銀行與企業(yè)關(guān)系因素、預(yù)算的軟約束等原因單純依靠金融市場(chǎng)的內(nèi)在運(yùn)行機(jī)制,無(wú)法自發(fā)調(diào)節(jié)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的信貸供給和中小企業(yè)信貸需求之間的矛盾。中小企業(yè)信貸融資難是國(guó)內(nèi)外企業(yè)界急需解決的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外的專家學(xué)者選擇不同的方向就中小企業(yè)信貸融資難的現(xiàn)狀、成因、解決方法從理論、體制、機(jī)制、環(huán)境等方面進(jìn)行了深入分析,形成了信貸配給、國(guó)家金融抑制、基于銀企關(guān)系的信貸融資、預(yù)算軟約束與信貸融資等理論,提出加快發(fā)展中小信貸機(jī)構(gòu)、加快完善擔(dān)保體系、降低信貸融資成本等解決方案。在當(dāng)前發(fā)展形勢(shì)下,以具體區(qū)域?yàn)槟繕?biāo),深入研究中小企業(yè)信貸融資難的成因,有針對(duì)性的制定解決中小企業(yè)信貸融資問(wèn)題的政策和措施,并積極開(kāi)展實(shí)踐活動(dòng),具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 德州市政府公布了《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)全市小企業(yè)貸款業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的意見(jiàn)》,在完善小企業(yè)貸款機(jī)制、在支持和引導(dǎo)小企業(yè)貸款機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、客戶培育、隊(duì)伍建設(shè)等方面加大投入、優(yōu)化小企業(yè)貸款業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展環(huán)境等方面進(jìn)行一定探索；德州市銀監(jiān)局對(duì)金融部門(mén)在加強(qiáng)中小企業(yè)信貸融資的制度建設(shè)、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、日常管理等方面加強(qiáng)指導(dǎo)；德州工商銀行、德州銀行等部分金融部門(mén)在實(shí)際工作中,積極扶持和引導(dǎo)中小企業(yè)解決融資難的問(wèn)題。 本論文選取德州市中小企業(yè)作為研究對(duì)象,按企業(yè)基本情況、信貸經(jīng)歷、信貸難的原因等三個(gè)方面專門(mén)編制了調(diào)查問(wèn)卷,深入企業(yè)進(jìn)行問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,收集整理中小企業(yè)信貸融資方面的實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù),了解中小企業(yè)對(duì)信貸融資問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí)和信貸融資現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)影響中小企業(yè)信貸融資的諸因素進(jìn)行排序,找出當(dāng)前政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下影響中小企業(yè)信貸融資的主要原因是缺少信貸擔(dān)保、財(cái)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、缺少過(guò)橋資金、信貸額度不足、附加條件繁多等,為進(jìn)一步制定政策和措施,解決中小企業(yè)信貸融資難題提供有效的依據(jù)。 從地方政府角度出發(fā),找出與中小企業(yè)信貸融資有關(guān)地方政府可以控制調(diào)整的環(huán)節(jié),組織信貸機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)發(fā)新型信貸產(chǎn)品,擴(kuò)大推出無(wú)抵押、無(wú)擔(dān)保的貸款品種；提升中小企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)管理水平,提高中小企業(yè)貸款成功率；多種形式建立過(guò)橋還貸基金,解決中小企業(yè)短期償債問(wèn)題；建立完善抵押擔(dān)保體系建設(shè)；引進(jìn)股份制銀行解決中小企業(yè)的融資問(wèn)題；政府在解決中小企業(yè)信貸融資方面起到主導(dǎo)作用等方面,制定行之有效的解決方案,為優(yōu)化地方金融環(huán)境、破解中小企業(yè)信貸融資難題做些實(shí)效性工作。
[Abstract]:According to the results of academic research at home and abroad, due to the "Macmillan gap" between the credit supply of financial institutions and the financial demand of small and medium-sized enterprises, and the credit rationing factors of financial institutions, the developing countries' financial resistance policies, The relationship between banks and enterprises, soft budget constraints and other reasons rely solely on the internal operating mechanism of the financial market. The contradiction between the credit supply of financial institutions and the credit demand of SMEs can not be adjusted spontaneously. The difficulty of SME credit financing is a practical problem that needs to be solved by domestic and foreign enterprises. At present, experts and scholars at home and abroad choose different kinds of problems. Regarding the current situation of credit financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises, The causes and solutions are deeply analyzed from the aspects of theory, system, mechanism, environment and so on. The theories of credit rationing, national financial repression, credit financing based on the relationship between banks and enterprises, soft budget constraints and credit financing are formed. Put forward solutions such as speeding up the development of small and medium-sized credit institutions, speeding up the improvement of the guarantee system, reducing the cost of credit financing, etc. Under the current development situation, taking specific regions as the target, the causes of the difficulties in credit financing for small and medium-sized enterprises are studied in depth. It is of great practical significance to formulate policies and measures to solve the problem of credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and to actively carry out practical activities. The Texas Municipal Government has published "opinions on further promoting the Development of small Enterprises' loan Business in the whole city." in improving the lending mechanism for small enterprises, supporting and guiding the establishment of lending institutions for small enterprises, creating new products, and cultivating customers, Increase investment in team building, optimize the development environment of small business loans, etc. Dezhou Banking Regulatory Bureau has made some efforts to strengthen the credit financing system construction and product innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises in the financial sector. In practical work, some financial departments such as Industrial and Commercial Bank of Texas and Bank of Texas actively support and guide small and medium-sized enterprises to solve the problem of financing difficulties. This paper selects the small and medium-sized enterprises of Dezhou as the research object, according to the enterprise basic situation, the credit experience, the credit difficult reason and so on three aspects specially has compiled the questionnaire, carries on the questionnaire survey in the thorough enterprise. Collect and collate the actual data of SMEs' credit financing, understand the understanding of SMEs' credit financing problems and the current situation of credit financing, and sort out the factors that affect the SMEs' credit financing. To find out that the main reasons that affect the credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises under the current political and economic environment are the lack of credit guarantee, the unreasonable financial structure, the lack of bridge crossing funds, the lack of credit lines and the various additional conditions, etc., in order to further formulate policies and measures, To solve the problem of credit financing for small and medium-sized enterprises to provide an effective basis. From the point of view of local government, find out the link that local government can control adjustment, organize credit institutions to develop new credit products and expand the variety of unsecured and unsecured loans. Improve the level of financial management of small and medium-sized enterprises, improve the success rate of loans for small and medium-sized enterprises; establish a bridge repayment fund in various forms to solve the short-term debt repayment problem of small and medium-sized enterprises; establish and improve the construction of mortgage guarantee system; Introducing joint-stock banks to solve the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises; the government plays a leading role in solving the credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, and formulates effective solutions in order to optimize the local financial environment. Solve SMEs credit financing problems to do some practical work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4;F276.3

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