本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展 企業(yè)家精神 金融約束　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：1912年,企業(yè)家精神研究領(lǐng)域的鼻祖人物熊彼特提出金融的本質(zhì)是遴選出最具創(chuàng)新精神的企業(yè)家并為他們提供資金支持,從而促進經(jīng)濟增長。時隔幾十年,國內(nèi)外的學(xué)者(King和Levine,1993, Raj an和Zingales,1998,2003, Beck et al.,2000以及Demirguc-Kunt和Levine,2008等)再次聚焦金融發(fā)展和企業(yè)家精神的關(guān)系,使金融發(fā)展的理論和實證探索重新回到熊彼特關(guān)于“金融本質(zhì)”的論述上來。本文基于最新的金融發(fā)展理論——“金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神與經(jīng)濟增長”并將該理論運用到中國農(nóng)村金融改革和發(fā)展中,從理論和實證層面探討如何通過轉(zhuǎn)變農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展的思路,充分支持農(nóng)村地區(qū)的企業(yè)家精神和農(nóng)民創(chuàng)業(yè)活動,從而有效地促進中國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、農(nóng)村地區(qū)收入水平的提高,最終實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)型。 正是在這樣的理論背景和現(xiàn)實意義下,本文第二章首先回顧了目前農(nóng)村金融領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的主要理論范式,并對其進行評判；接著,我們借鑒最新的金融發(fā)展理論——“金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神和經(jīng)濟增長”理論,對其進行系統(tǒng)梳理,說明了金融發(fā)展支持企業(yè)家精神的各種渠道,揭示出“金融發(fā)展只有支持最具效率的企業(yè)家的創(chuàng)業(yè)和創(chuàng)新活動才能最好地推動經(jīng)濟增長,金融市場的發(fā)展應(yīng)當(dāng)重新回到支持企業(yè)家精神這一本質(zhì)上來”。最終,我們基于最新的金融發(fā)展理論對當(dāng)前的農(nóng)村金融改革和發(fā)展的思路進行反思。 在第三章,本文系統(tǒng)回顧了1978年以來中國農(nóng)村金融改革和發(fā)展的歷程及現(xiàn)狀,同時對農(nóng)村地區(qū)的創(chuàng)業(yè)活動進行了系統(tǒng)的衡量和評估,并最終從農(nóng)村金融市場興衰的視角揭示出農(nóng)村地區(qū)企業(yè)家精神和創(chuàng)業(yè)活動的活躍程度變化背后的金融市場因素。 在第四章,我們基于最新的“金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神及經(jīng)濟增長”理論分析框架,重新審視和反思了現(xiàn)有農(nóng)村金融理論和我國的農(nóng)村金融改革實踐,檢驗農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展是否有利于培育農(nóng)村地區(qū)的企業(yè)家精神并鼓勵創(chuàng)業(yè)和創(chuàng)新。通過構(gòu)建相關(guān)的理論和計量模型,利用中國2006年以來的省際面板數(shù)據(jù)對農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展與農(nóng)村企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)精神和創(chuàng)新精神進行實證分析得出,新一輪農(nóng)村金融市場化改革對于農(nóng)村地區(qū)企業(yè)家創(chuàng)新精神已展現(xiàn)出較為顯著的促進作用,但是對農(nóng)村地區(qū)企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的支持相對仍顯不足。最終,本章提出未來中國農(nóng)村金融改革的思路和突破口。 在第五章,我們進一步地從微觀層面分析農(nóng)村地區(qū)的金融約束是否對農(nóng)民創(chuàng)業(yè)活動有著重要的影響及其內(nèi)在的機理。首先建立金融約束下農(nóng)村地區(qū)職業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)換行為(自我雇傭創(chuàng)業(yè))的理論分析框架,接著使用北京大學(xué)中國健康與養(yǎng)老追蹤調(diào)查(CHARLS)的微觀數(shù)據(jù)檢驗金融約束與農(nóng)村地區(qū)創(chuàng)業(yè)行為和創(chuàng)業(yè)規(guī)模(包括雇傭規(guī)模和收入規(guī)模)之間的關(guān)系,分析金融約束是否會阻礙農(nóng)村地區(qū)企業(yè)家精神的發(fā)揮以及帶動和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會。
[Abstract]:In 1912, Schumpeter, the founder of entrepreneurship research, proposed that the essence of finance is to select the most innovative entrepreneurs and provide them with financial support to promote economic growth. Scholars at home and abroad, such as King and Levine 1993, Raj an and Zingales 1998,2003, Beck et al. 2000 and Demirguc-Kunt and Levine 2008 etc.) once again focus on the relationship between financial development and entrepreneurship. This paper is based on the latest theory of financial development, which is based on the theory of financial development, which is based on the theory of financial development and the empirical exploration of financial development, which is based on Schumpeter's exposition on the essence of finance. "Entrepreneurship and economic growth" and apply this theory to the rural financial reform and development of China, from the theoretical and empirical level to explore how to change the thinking of rural financial development. In order to promote the development of Chinese rural economy and raise the income level of rural areas, the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas will be transformed. It is in this theoretical background and practical significance that the second chapter first reviews the main theoretical paradigms in the field of rural finance and evaluates them. Then, we draw lessons from the latest theory of financial development-"financial development, entrepreneurship and economic growth" theory, systematically comb it, explain the various channels of financial development to support entrepreneurship. It is revealed that "financial development can best promote economic growth only by supporting entrepreneurial and innovative activities of the most efficient entrepreneurs. The development of financial market should return to the essence of supporting entrepreneurship ". Finally, based on the latest theory of financial development, we reflect on the current thinking of rural financial reform and development. In the third chapter, this paper systematically reviews the history and current situation of rural financial reform and development since 1978, and measures and evaluates the entrepreneurial activities in rural areas. Finally, from the perspective of the rise and fall of rural financial market, it reveals the financial market factors behind the change of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial activity in rural areas. In Chapter 4th, based on the latest theoretical framework of "Financial Development, Entrepreneurship and Economic growth", we re-examine and reflect on the existing rural finance theory and the rural financial reform practice in China. To test whether rural financial development is conducive to fostering entrepreneurship in rural areas and encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation through the construction of relevant theoretical and econometric models. Using the inter-provincial panel data since 2006 in China, the empirical analysis of rural financial development and entrepreneurship and innovation spirit of rural entrepreneurs is made. The new round of rural financial market-oriented reform has shown a relatively significant role in promoting entrepreneurship in rural areas, but the support for entrepreneurship in rural areas is still relatively inadequate. Finally. This chapter puts forward the train of thought and breakthrough of China's rural financial reform in the future. In Chapter 5th. We further analyze whether the financial constraints in rural areas have an important impact on farmers' entrepreneurial activities and their intrinsic mechanism from the micro level. Firstly, we establish the occupational transformation behavior in rural areas under financial constraints (. The theoretical framework of self-employment entrepreneurship. Then we use the microdata of CHARLSfrom Peking University to examine the relationship between financial constraints and entrepreneurial behavior and scale in rural areas (including employment scale and income scale). The relationship. Analysis of financial constraints will hinder the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas and promote and create employment opportunities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.35;F272.91;F224

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