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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國銀行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、效率與績效研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中國 銀行業(yè) 結(jié)構(gòu) 效率 績效 研究

【摘要】：產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論的核心內(nèi)容是市場結(jié)構(gòu)與市場績效的關(guān)系,產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、市場結(jié)構(gòu)與企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效之間的關(guān)系一直是產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域爭論不休的論題,由此也誕生了一系列的績效決定論。市場結(jié)構(gòu)與市場績效的表現(xiàn)有著密切的聯(lián)系,對二者關(guān)系的研究,則可以通過調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)來達(dá)到提高市場績效的目的。銀行系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定是金融穩(wěn)定的核心,這是從20世紀(jì)金融業(yè)研究中得出的一項基本結(jié)論。 金融是經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心,銀行業(yè)是金融的三大支柱之一。完善的金融制度和健康運行的金融機(jī)構(gòu)是經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必要保證,反之,則會阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,2007年底由美國次貸危機(jī)引發(fā)的金融危機(jī)給美國乃至全球的經(jīng)濟(jì)造成了不可磨滅的災(zāi)難就是最好的例證。所以,銀行業(yè)的改革始終是經(jīng)濟(jì)改革過程中的重中之重。 隨著改革開放的序幕拉開,銀行業(yè)的改革也在不斷推進(jìn),金融體系正在逐步完善。1978-1983年,中國銀行、中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行先后從中國人民銀行分離出來,打破中國人民銀行“一統(tǒng)天下”的格局。1984-1994年,中國工商銀行和中國建設(shè)銀行先后成立,中信實業(yè)銀行、深圳發(fā)展銀行、廣東發(fā)展銀行等12家全國性股份制商業(yè)銀行成立,逐步形成以中央銀行為核心、以四大國有專業(yè)銀行為主體各大股份制商業(yè)銀行迅速發(fā)展的銀行體系。1995-2003年,正式實施《商業(yè)銀行法》和《中國人民銀行法》,開創(chuàng)商業(yè)銀行法制化建設(shè)新時代。2003至今：對國有銀行進(jìn)行股份制改造,銀行業(yè)監(jiān)管職能正式從中央銀行獨立出來。銀行業(yè)改革經(jīng)歷了從混業(yè)經(jīng)營到分業(yè)經(jīng)營再到混業(yè)經(jīng)營的發(fā)展歷程,銀行體系正在一步一步的進(jìn)行完善。 本文以我國銀行業(yè)為研究對象,按照產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)的不同,對國有商業(yè)銀行和股份制商業(yè)銀行分別討論其與市場競爭結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系。除此之外,也討論了績效與經(jīng)營效率的關(guān)系。 市場競爭結(jié)構(gòu)選用的指標(biāo)為四銀行集中率,赫芬達(dá)爾指數(shù)和市場份額,分別從資產(chǎn),貸款,利稅和存款角度計量。經(jīng)營效率的核算采用的是數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法,采用的指標(biāo)有技術(shù)效率、純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率,技術(shù)效率的前提是規(guī)模報酬不變,純技術(shù)效率的前提是規(guī)模報酬可變。 本文分別采用靜態(tài)面板和動態(tài)面板進(jìn)行回歸,靜態(tài)面板中用到了固定效應(yīng)模型和隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型,并運用豪斯曼檢驗進(jìn)行篩選。考慮到本文用的是短面板,動態(tài)面板分析采用系統(tǒng)矩估計方法。 回歸結(jié)果顯示,技術(shù)效率對我國銀行業(yè)的績效普遍沒有解釋力度,國有商業(yè)銀行的寡頭地位并沒有給其帶來壟斷利潤,反而還侵占了股份制銀行的利潤空間。所以從本文得到的結(jié)果來看,針對我國銀行業(yè)的競爭結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)該降低銀行準(zhǔn)入門檻,鼓勵股份制銀行和城市商業(yè)銀行的發(fā)展,鼓勵市場競爭,從本文的角度來說,對固有商業(yè)銀行和股份制商業(yè)銀行的盈利能力都有促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:The core content of industrial organization theory is the relationship between market structure and market performance. The relationship between property structure, market structure and business performance has been a controversial topic in the field of industrial economics. As a result, a series of performance determinism has emerged. Market structure and performance of market performance are closely related to the study of the relationship between the two. The stability of banking system is the core of financial stability, which is a basic conclusion from the financial research in 20th century. Finance is the core of the economy, and banking is one of the three pillars of finance. A sound financial system and healthy financial institutions are the necessary guarantee for the sustainable development of the economy, otherwise, it will hinder the development of the economy. In end of 2007, the financial crisis caused by the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States has caused an indelible disaster to the economy of the United States and even the whole world. The reform of the banking industry has always been the top priority in the process of economic reform. With the opening up of the reform and opening up, the banking sector reform is also moving forward, the financial system is gradually improving. 1978-1983, Bank of China. Agricultural Bank of China has been separated from the people's Bank of China, breaking the "one country" pattern of the people's Bank of China. 1984-1994, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and China Construction Bank were established one after another. CITIC Industrial Bank, Shenzhen Development Bank, Guangdong Development Bank and other 12 national joint-stock commercial banks were established, gradually taking the Central Bank as the core. The banking system, with the four major state-owned specialized banks as the main body, the rapidly developing joint-stock commercial banks. From 1995 to 2003, the Commercial Bank Law and the people's Bank of China Law were formally implemented. To start a new era of legalization construction of commercial banks. 2003 to date: to reform the stock system of state-owned banks. The banking supervision function is officially independent from the central bank. The banking reform has experienced the development process from mixed operation to separate operation and then to mixed operation, and the banking system is being perfected step by step. This article takes the banking industry of our country as the research object, according to the different structure of property right, discusses the relationship between the state-owned commercial banks and the joint-stock commercial banks separately and the market competition structure. The relationship between performance and operational efficiency is also discussed. The index of market competition structure is the concentration rate of four banks, the Huffendal index and market share, which are measured from the angles of assets, loans, profits, taxes and deposits respectively. The accounting of operating efficiency is based on data envelopment analysis. The indicators adopted include technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The premise of technical efficiency is that the scale reward is invariable, and the premise of pure technical efficiency is variable scale reward. In this paper, static panel and dynamic panel are used to regression, static panel use fixed effect model and random effect model, and use Hausmann test to screen. The method of system moment estimation is used in dynamic panel analysis. The regression results show that the technical efficiency has no explanation for the performance of our banking industry, and the oligopoly status of the state-owned commercial banks has not brought them monopoly profits. On the contrary, it also encroaches on the profit space of the joint-stock banks. Therefore, in view of the competitive structure of the banking industry in China, we should lower the entry threshold of the banks from the results obtained in this paper. Encouraging the development of joint-stock banks and city commercial banks, encouraging market competition, from the point of view of this article, to the inherent commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks have a role in promoting profitability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.3;F224

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