本文選題：張弦桁架 + 形狀優(yōu)化��； 參考：《廣州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：張弦桁架結(jié)構(gòu)是通過撐桿連接抗彎、受壓構(gòu)件和抗拉構(gòu)件,充分發(fā)揮拱型的結(jié)構(gòu)受力優(yōu)勢(shì)和索材的高抗拉強(qiáng)度的一種結(jié)構(gòu)形式,在國(guó)內(nèi)外得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文以廣州國(guó)際會(huì)展中心等為背景,分析了目前國(guó)內(nèi)外張弦桁架的應(yīng)用與研究現(xiàn)狀;以及總結(jié)了張弦桁架優(yōu)化方面的研究成果,以及有待研究的方面。 采用Matlab語言編寫出張弦桁架結(jié)構(gòu)通用的有限元模型分析程序。為了使結(jié)構(gòu)受力合理,編程時(shí)將張弦桁架的拉索錨固端節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)置在桁架的形心處;求出拉索的內(nèi)力,對(duì)其內(nèi)力進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,以滿足拉索是只承受拉力;同時(shí)建模時(shí)采用相貫節(jié)點(diǎn)方式,而相貫節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)則采用本文提出的相貫節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)修正方案進(jìn)行處理。通過某算例驗(yàn)證了該程序的有效性。 提出了基于離散變量的張弦桁架優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法。首先為了選取最不利工況進(jìn)行張弦桁架優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),編寫了張弦桁架結(jié)構(gòu)的各荷載工況程序,采用不同工況對(duì)張弦桁架計(jì)算模型進(jìn)行內(nèi)力、位移分析;其次,為了使優(yōu)化結(jié)果可直接應(yīng)用于實(shí)際工程當(dāng)中,采用了基于一維搜索算法,對(duì)張弦桁架的桿件截面采用離散變量直接從鋼管材料庫中選取,再對(duì)張弦桁架進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)某張弦桁架采用本文方法進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并與原張弦桁架進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證了本文提出的優(yōu)化方法的有效性。對(duì)不同跨度的張弦桁架進(jìn)行了離散變量?jī)?yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),為工程設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。 采用Fibonacci搜索法研究了不同跨度下矢高、垂度、桁架厚度與最小結(jié)構(gòu)重量的相互關(guān)系,分析了不同矢高、垂度、厚度對(duì)張弦桁架用鋼量的影響,采用本文方法搜索出不同跨度的最優(yōu)矢高、垂度以及桁架厚度,得出了如何選取最優(yōu)矢高、垂度和厚度的結(jié)論。為了提高搜索的效率以及全局最優(yōu)解,引入了動(dòng)態(tài)搜索區(qū)間,有效地解決以上問題。 通過對(duì)大跨度張弦桁架的離散變量?jī)?yōu)化算法及形狀優(yōu)化的研究,為張弦桁架的合理設(shè)計(jì)提供了一種新的途徑。
[Abstract]:The Zhang Xian truss structure is a kind of structure form which can make full use of the stress advantage of the arch structure and the high tensile strength of the cable by connecting the flexural, compressive and tensile members with braces, and has been widely used at home and abroad. Based on Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, this paper analyzes the application and research status of Zhang Xian truss at home and abroad, and summarizes the research results of Zhang Xian truss optimization and the aspects to be studied. A general finite element model analysis program for Zhang Xian truss structures is developed by using Matlab language. In order to make the force of the structure reasonable, the cable anchoring end joints of Zhang Xian truss are set at the center of the truss, the internal force of the cable is calculated, and the internal force of the cable is verified to satisfy the tension of the cable. At the same time, the intersecting node is used in modeling, and the coordinate of the intersecting node is modified by the method proposed in this paper. The validity of the program is verified by an example. An optimal design method for Zhang Xian truss based on discrete variables is proposed. Firstly, in order to select the most unfavorable conditions to carry out the optimal design of Zhang Xian truss, the program of each load condition of Zhang Xian truss structure is compiled, and the internal force and displacement of Zhang Xian truss calculation model are analyzed under different working conditions. In order to make the optimization results directly applicable to practical projects, a one-dimensional search algorithm is adopted, and discrete variables are used to select the member sections of Zhang Xian truss directly from the steel tube material library, and then the optimization design of the Zhang Xian truss is carried out. The optimization design of a certain Zhang Xian truss is carried out by using this method, and compared with the original Zhang Xian truss, the validity of the optimization method proposed in this paper is verified. The discrete variable optimization design of Zhang Xian truss with different span is carried out, which provides a reference for engineering design. Fibonacci search method is used to study the relationship between the minimum weight and the height, sag, thickness of truss, and the influence of different height, sag and thickness on the steel quantity of Zhang Xian truss is analyzed. By using this method, the optimal vector height, sag and truss thickness of different span are obtained, and the conclusion of how to select the optimal vector height, sag and thickness is obtained. In order to improve the efficiency of search and the global optimal solution, the dynamic search interval is introduced to solve the above problems effectively. Through the study of discrete variable optimization algorithm and shape optimization of long-span Zhang Xian truss, a new approach is provided for the rational design of Zhang Xian truss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TU399

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