發(fā)布時間：2018-05-20 12:12

  本文選題：華東區(qū)戲曲觀摩演出大會 + 戲曲改革�。� 參考：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：1949年,中國人民共和國成立,中國的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化事業(yè)進入到一個時期。文化作為政治、經(jīng)濟的反映,從屬于上層建筑,在建國初期受到中國共產(chǎn)黨的重視。1949中國共產(chǎn)黨在進行經(jīng)濟建設的同時,文化建設和對知識分子的改造工作也轟轟烈烈地展開。戲曲作為中國傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分,集審美和社會教化功能于一體。對戲曲進行改造和新的創(chuàng)作,使之體現(xiàn)人民性和現(xiàn)實主義,成為當時戲曲工作者的主要任務。建國之后,需要建立新的文化價值體系,尤其是需要進一步學習馬克思主義,用馬克思主義改造人們的思想。以黨和國家認可的思想對戲曲進行改造和指導,成為戲曲進一步發(fā)展的必經(jīng)之路。1951年,政務院通過了《政務院關于戲曲改革工作的指示》,其在改人、改戲、改制等方面的具體內(nèi)容,為戲曲改革提出了系統(tǒng)的辦法。改革傳統(tǒng)戲曲,創(chuàng)作現(xiàn)代戲在全國各個劇種之間展開。1952年全國曲藝會演大會的順利召開,為戲曲改革成果的展覽與推廣作出了示范。1954年,華東行政委員會文化局決定舉辦華東區(qū)戲曲觀摩演出大會,檢查4年來華東區(qū)戲曲改革的問題與成績。以華東區(qū)戲曲觀摩演出大會為切入點,研究建國前后共產(chǎn)黨的戲曲改革政策。華東區(qū)戲曲觀摩演出大會歷時42天,檢閱了四年來華東區(qū)戲曲工作的主要成果。會演的選拔方針以劇目為主,鼓勵反映當代人民生活的現(xiàn)代戲的創(chuàng)作。會演以學習為主,除了表演以外,華東區(qū)文化局還組織各種形式的學習討論會,推動各兄弟劇種之間相互學習。共產(chǎn)黨對戲曲的改革在延安座談會是就已經(jīng)奠定了基調(diào),即文藝要為斗爭服務。建國后的文化改造試圖在意識形態(tài)領域徹底清除封建殘余。戲曲改革以揭露和批判封建專制制度,體現(xiàn)人民性和新時代新生活為主。文藝工作者努力學習馬克思主義理論,反映斗爭成為文藝工作者頭上的緊箍咒。這次會演對一些戲曲過分推廣,造成以后上演劇目的單調(diào),但一部分戲曲在這次大會之后確實開啟了新的歷程,比如蜚聲中外的黃梅戲。此外,對地方戲曲資料的發(fā)掘和整理也功不可沒,總體來說,這段時間的戲曲改革是取得很大成績的。
[Abstract]:In 1949, the people's Republic of China was founded, China's political, economic and cultural undertakings entered a period. Culture, as a reflection of politics and economy, is subordinate to the superstructure. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China attached great importance to the economic construction of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, the cultural construction and the transformation of the intellectuals were also vigorously carried out. As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, opera integrates aesthetic and social functions. It became the main task of opera workers at that time to reform and create new opera to embody people's character and realism. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it is necessary to establish a new system of cultural value, especially to further study Marxism and transform people's thoughts with Marxism. The reform and guidance of opera with the ideology recognized by the Party and the state has become the only way for the further development of opera. In 1951, the Council of Administration adopted the "instructions of the Council of Administrative Affairs on the Reform of Drama", which is changing people and operas. System reform and other aspects of the specific content, for the opera reform proposed a systematic approach. The reform of traditional opera and the creation of modern opera were carried out among all kinds of operas throughout the country. The successful opening of the 1952 National Quyi performance Conference demonstrated the exhibition and promotion of the achievements of opera reform. In 1954, The Bureau of Culture of the East China Administrative Committee decided to hold the East China Opera viewing and performance meeting to examine the problems and achievements of the opera reform in East China over the past 4 years. This paper studies the policy of the Communist Party's opera reform before and after the founding of the people's Republic of China. East China Opera performance for 42 days, reviewed the main achievements of the East China opera work in the past four years. The selection policy is mainly on repertoire to encourage the creation of modern drama that reflects the life of the contemporary people. In addition to performances, the East China District Cultural Bureau also organized various forms of learning seminars to promote the brothers and plays to learn from each other. The Communist Party's reform of opera set the tone at the Yan'an Forum, that is, literature and art should serve the struggle. The cultural transformation after the founding of the people's Republic of China attempted to eliminate the feudal vestiges completely in the ideological field. Opera reform to expose and criticize the feudal autocratic system, reflect the people and the new era and new life. Literary and art workers study Marxist theory, reflecting the struggle as a magic on the head of literary and art workers. This performance overpopularized some operas, resulting in the monotony of the repertoire in the future, but some of the operas did open a new course after the Congress, such as the famous Huangmei opera at home and abroad. In addition, the excavation and collation of local opera materials also contributed, generally speaking, this period of opera reform has made great achievements.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K27

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