本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美術(shù) 審美能力 培養(yǎng)　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：美術(shù)不僅是令人賞心悅目的技藝性學(xué)科，也是博大精深的學(xué)術(shù)課題，它反映著民族的歷史積淀，并且能夠促進(jìn)民族文化的發(fā)展，它也是一個(gè)民族文化狀況的標(biāo)志，更是一個(gè)民族精神狀況的標(biāo)志。美是客現(xiàn)存在的，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中無(wú)處不在；文學(xué)藝術(shù)、社會(huì)生活、大自然等給人們帶來(lái)無(wú)窮無(wú)盡地美的享受。但是，人們明明生活在“美”的身邊，卻感受不到“美”的存在，其原因就在于缺少美的“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，即審美能力。 斯賓塞說(shuō)“美”和“美所引起的情感”即審美情感和審美活動(dòng)�！皩徝朗侨藗兊闹饔^心里活動(dòng)，是人們?cè)趯?duì)事物的美丑進(jìn)行判斷過(guò)程中的一種心里體驗(yàn)。審美有正向和負(fù)向之分，在日常生活中，人們把假、惡、丑現(xiàn)象當(dāng)作真、善、美的現(xiàn)象常有。審美需具備一定的審美能力才能正確的解讀真、善、美。提高審美能力是美育最基本的目的。美術(shù)的本質(zhì)是通過(guò)美的內(nèi)容、美的形式使人們得到美的熏陶，提高審美修養(yǎng)，并通過(guò)作品蘊(yùn)含的積極向上的思想內(nèi)容和生活態(tài)度陶冶人們的情操，，啟發(fā)他們的心智。 本研究對(duì)當(dāng)前美術(shù)教育存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了理論調(diào)查與分析�？偨Y(jié)了當(dāng)前美術(shù)教育過(guò)程中存在忽略審美能力培養(yǎng)，教學(xué)條件落后，教學(xué)模式單一，審美教育培育匱乏等問(wèn)題。根據(jù)以上問(wèn)題，本研究對(duì)其存在原因進(jìn)行了分析，并提出了相關(guān)對(duì)策。以最新的美術(shù)學(xué)、教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)等理論為基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)美術(shù)教育在培養(yǎng)內(nèi)容、培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、培養(yǎng)價(jià)值等方面對(duì)審美能力的培養(yǎng)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究。在培養(yǎng)內(nèi)容上，在美術(shù)教育中，要注重從審美感知能力、審美認(rèn)知及文化藝術(shù)修養(yǎng)三方面來(lái)培養(yǎng)。在培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)上要注重培養(yǎng)審美素質(zhì)，通過(guò)審美教育來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)世界、改造世界并完善自我，健全人格。關(guān)于審美能力的價(jià)值取向培養(yǎng)上，要注重審美判斷力的培養(yǎng)，即辨別真善美與假惡丑的能力。在審美能力培養(yǎng)途徑上，可以通過(guò)組織名家作品賞析，個(gè)人作品展覽，或參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)從大自然中培養(yǎng)審美能力。
[Abstract]:Art is not only a pleasing technical subject, but also a broad and profound academic subject. It reflects the historical accumulation of the nation and can promote the development of national culture. It is also a symbol of the cultural situation of a nation. It is also a symbol of a nation's spiritual condition. Beauty exists now and is ubiquitous in real life. Literature and art, social life, nature, etc., bring people endless enjoyment of beauty. People live around "beauty", but can not feel the existence of "beauty", the reason lies in the lack of "discovery" of beauty, that is, aesthetic ability. Spencer said that "beauty" and "emotion caused by beauty" are aesthetic feelings and aesthetic activities. It is a kind of mental experience in the process of judging beauty and ugliness of things. There are positive and negative aspects of aesthetics. In daily life, people regard falsehood, evil and ugliness as true and good. Beauty often occurs. Aesthetic appreciation requires a certain aesthetic ability to correctly interpret truth, goodness and beauty. The most basic purpose of aesthetic education is to improve aesthetic ability. The essence of art is to make people get the edification of beauty through the content of beauty and the form of beauty. Improve aesthetic cultivation, and through the positive ideological content and life attitude, edify people's sentiment, inspire their minds. This research has carried on the theoretical investigation and the analysis to the present fine arts education existence question, has summarized the present fine arts education process existence neglects the esthetic ability cultivation, the teaching condition is backward, the teaching pattern is single, Based on the above problems, this study analyzes the causes of aesthetic education and puts forward some relevant countermeasures. Based on the latest theories of fine arts, pedagogy and psychology, this study aims at cultivating the content of art education. The cultivation of aesthetic ability has been systematically studied in the aspects of cultivation goal and value. In terms of training content and art education, attention should be paid to the ability of aesthetic perception. We should pay attention to the cultivation of aesthetic quality, understand the world through aesthetic education, transform the world and perfect ourselves, perfect personality, and cultivate the value orientation of aesthetic ability. Attention should be paid to the cultivation of aesthetic judgment, that is, the ability to distinguish the true, the good and the beautiful from the false, evil and ugly. Or participate in social practice from the nature of the cultivation of aesthetic ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：J201

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本文編號(hào)：1533730