【摘要】：近年來，國內(nèi)食品安全質(zhì)量問題十分突出，引發(fā)了人們對食品安全的強(qiáng)烈關(guān)注。食品可追溯體系通過在供應(yīng)鏈上形成可靠且連續(xù)的安全信息流，能夠監(jiān)控食品生產(chǎn)過程與流向且通過追溯來識別問題源頭和實(shí)施召回，被認(rèn)為是有效消除信息不對稱，從根本上預(yù)防食品安全風(fēng)險的主要工具之一。本文對消費(fèi)者對可追溯屬性支付意愿展開研究。針對國內(nèi)沒有大規(guī)模的食品安全調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)，本文通過研究食品可追溯性應(yīng)包含的可追溯信息與層次，運(yùn)用菜單選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)法設(shè)計問卷進(jìn)行調(diào)研，將調(diào)研結(jié)果作為研究分析的數(shù)據(jù)輸入。由于菜單法數(shù)據(jù)是離散的分類屬性數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)，一般方法難以應(yīng)用。針對以上問題本文綜合運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的潛類別模型和適用于分類屬性數(shù)據(jù)的k-modes聚類算法研究消費(fèi)者對豬肉可追溯屬性的支付意愿從而分析消費(fèi)者的群體性偏好，以擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)者對可追溯食品的需求，更好的推廣食品可追溯體系，保障食品安全。本文主要工作如下： (1)通過對國內(nèi)外食品可追溯體系及支付意愿相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)研究與實(shí)地調(diào)研，設(shè)計豬肉供應(yīng)鏈體系的可追溯信息應(yīng)該包括養(yǎng)殖、屠宰加工和配送銷售及政府認(rèn)證四個屬性。對上述四個可追溯屬性分別設(shè)置不同的價格層次設(shè)計菜單選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)法問卷，以D-efficiency檢驗(yàn)顯示問卷設(shè)計優(yōu)良。在江蘇省無錫市實(shí)地問卷調(diào)研收集數(shù)據(jù),問卷結(jié)果統(tǒng)計分析顯示調(diào)查結(jié)果良好。 (2)根據(jù)消費(fèi)者效用理論針對消費(fèi)者對可追溯支付意愿建立潛類別模型，以消費(fèi)者的類別為潛在變量，以消費(fèi)者的選擇作為外顯變量，運(yùn)用菜單選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)法調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)對消費(fèi)者行為分析。結(jié)果表明消費(fèi)者對食品可追溯屬性的需求呈現(xiàn)出不同的偏好，普遍屬于低水平可追溯屬性消費(fèi)群體。 (3)通過對聚類相關(guān)算法研究，針對菜單選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)法數(shù)據(jù)是離散的分類屬性數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)，找到適合聚類分析的k-modes算法。針對k-modes算法存在的聚類過程復(fù)雜，分類精度不高的問題結(jié)合最新研究進(jìn)展綜合改進(jìn)k-modes聚類，通過結(jié)合密度和距離兩個因素選取初始聚類中心從而簡化聚類過程，以考慮可追溯屬性的所有屬性值的模式代替k-modes聚類算法的modes，從而提高聚類分類精確性。 (4)根據(jù)調(diào)查問卷建立聚類分析模型，將改進(jìn)k-modes聚類方法應(yīng)用于菜單選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)法問卷結(jié)果分析，，以CU和目標(biāo)函數(shù)走向來選取合適的聚類類別數(shù)目。研究結(jié)果表明，消費(fèi)者可分為多個對可追溯安全信息偏好不同的群體，這些群體支付能力也不同。可針對不同的群體提供不同的可追溯屬性組合的豬肉以擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)者對可追溯食品的需求，提高食品安全保障水平。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the domestic food safety quality problem is very prominent, has aroused the people to the food safety strong concern. The food traceability system is considered to be an effective way to eliminate information asymmetry by creating a reliable and continuous information flow across the supply chain, monitoring the food production process and direction, and identifying the source of the problem and implementing the recall through traceability. One of the main tools for fundamental prevention of food safety risks. This paper studies consumers' willingness to pay for traceability attributes. In view of the lack of large-scale food safety research data in China, this paper studies the traceability information and levels of food traceability, and designs a questionnaire by menu selection experiment. The results of the research are input as the data of the research and analysis. Because menu method data is the characteristic of discrete classification attribute data, the general method is difficult to apply. In order to solve the above problems, this paper studies consumers' willingness to pay for pork traceability attributes by using the latent category model of economics and k-modes clustering algorithm, which is suitable for classification attribute data, so as to analyze consumers' group preference. In order to expand the consumer demand for traceability food, better promotion of food traceability system, food safety. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) through the literature research and field investigation of domestic and foreign food traceability systems and willingness to pay, the design of pork supply chain system traceability information should include breeding, Slaughtering processing and distribution sales and government certification four attributes. The above four traceability attributes are set up with different price level design menu to choose the experimental questionnaire. The D-efficiency test shows that the questionnaire design is excellent. The data were collected in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, and the results of statistical analysis showed that the results were good. (2) according to the consumer utility theory, a latent class model is established for consumers' willingness to pay retroactively, taking the consumer's category as the potential variable and the consumer's choice as the explicit variable. The method of menu selection experiment was used to analyze consumer behavior. The results show that consumers' demand for food traceability attribute presents different preferences, and generally belongs to the low-level traceability consumer group. (3) according to the characteristic that menu selection experiment data is discrete classification attribute data, the k-modes algorithm suitable for clustering analysis is found through the research of clustering correlation algorithm. In view of the complex clustering process and the low classification accuracy of k-modes algorithm, the clustering process is simplified by selecting the initial clustering center by combining the density and distance factors, combined with the latest research progress, and the k-modes clustering is improved synthetically by combining the two factors of density and distance. The modes, of k-modes clustering algorithm is replaced by the pattern considering all attribute values of traceability attributes, so as to improve the accuracy of clustering classification. (4) the cluster analysis model is established according to the questionnaire, and the improved k-modes clustering method is applied to the analysis of the results of the menu selection experiment. The CU and objective functions are used to select the appropriate number of cluster categories. The results show that consumers can be divided into several groups with different preference for traceability security information, and these groups have different ability to pay. Different groups of pork can be provided with different traceability properties to expand consumers' demand for traceability food and improve food safety.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TS201.6;TP311.13

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