【摘要】：隨著全球信息化技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,電子電氣產(chǎn)品(Electrical and Electronic Products)更新?lián)Q代的速度越來越快,同時(shí)電子電氣的廢棄物污染也日漸加劇。多數(shù)電子電氣產(chǎn)品含有多種有毒有害物質(zhì),在使用和廢棄過程中對(duì)環(huán)境和人體健康造成極大的危害。電子電氣產(chǎn)品中的有毒有害物質(zhì)檢測(cè)方法的研究是當(dāng)前國(guó)際、國(guó)內(nèi)電子電氣領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)問題之一,也是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展必須要解決的關(guān)鍵問題。論文分別采用微波消解-離子色譜技術(shù)和微波消解-電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜技術(shù)建立了工程塑料ABS中鹵族化合物和重金屬元素檢測(cè)方法。取得的主要結(jié)果如下：建立了工程塑料ABS中氯化物等鹵族化合物含量和鉛、鎘、鉻等重金屬元素檢測(cè)的微波消解前處理技術(shù)。確定最佳的微波消解條件為7mLHNO3+2mL H2O2;消解溫度為210℃；消解時(shí)間為60min。建立了微波消解-離子色譜技術(shù)對(duì)工程塑料ABS中的氟化物、氯化物、溴化物含量測(cè)定的檢測(cè)方法。并且從線性關(guān)系、靈敏度、精密度和準(zhǔn)確性四個(gè)方面對(duì)優(yōu)化后的方法進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),保證該方法的可靠性。對(duì)企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和檢測(cè)提供了有效的技術(shù)手段。采用電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜法研究建立工程塑料ABS中V、Cr、Mn、Ni、 Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Hg、Co十種元素同時(shí)金屬元素同時(shí)檢測(cè)的分析方法,極大地縮短了檢測(cè)時(shí)限,為企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和質(zhì)量把關(guān)提供了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)手段。對(duì)所測(cè)定元素,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.9990-0.9999,方法的檢出限為0.02～0.16μg/kg, RSD5%,平均加樣回收率92.9～98.4%。該方法準(zhǔn)確可靠,可用于實(shí)際樣品工程塑料及工程塑料產(chǎn)品中重金屬檢測(cè)分析。論文研究認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該積極培養(yǎng)國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)和消費(fèi)者的環(huán)保意識(shí)、健全和完善環(huán)保法規(guī)、構(gòu)建保護(hù)性技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)信息發(fā)布平臺(tái),并積極推進(jìn)國(guó)際認(rèn)證工作。同時(shí),我國(guó)家電企業(yè)應(yīng)該積極開拓海外多元化市場(chǎng)、提高技術(shù)水平和研發(fā)能力、建立綠色供應(yīng)鏈并積極發(fā)展綠色出口貿(mào)易、合理利用ROHS指令的相關(guān)豁免權(quán)并實(shí)時(shí)關(guān)注其動(dòng)態(tài)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global information technology, electronic and electrical products (Electrical and Electronic Products) update faster and faster, at the same time, the waste pollution of electronic and electrical products is becoming more and more serious. Most electronic and electrical products contain many kinds of toxic and harmful substances, which cause great harm to the environment and human health in the process of use and waste. The research on the detection methods of toxic and harmful substances in electronic and electrical products is one of the hot issues in the field of electronics and electricity at home and abroad, and it is also a key problem that must be solved in the rapid economic development of our country. The methods for the determination of halogen compounds and heavy metals in engineering plastics ABS were established by microwave digestion ion chromatography and microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry respectively. The main results are as follows: a microwave digestion technique was established for the determination of lead, cadmium, chromium and other heavy metal elements in engineering plastics ABS. The optimum microwave digestion conditions were determined as follows: 7mLHNO3 2mL H _ 2O _ 2, the digestion temperature was 210 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2304063