【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人們生活水平的提高，人們越來越重視食品安全，對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的要求也更加嚴(yán)格。因此，如何有效地保障高質(zhì)量、安全食品的供給成為關(guān)系到人們生活的關(guān)鍵問題。然而，目前國內(nèi)食品質(zhì)量安全問題屢見不鮮，直接導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)信心降低，影響了中國現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)和食品加工行業(yè)的發(fā)展。本文擬從交易成本理論和契約理論的視角對(duì)食品安全問題進(jìn)行研究，旨在說明在整個(gè)食品供應(yīng)鏈中，在上下游不同交易節(jié)點(diǎn)之間（主要分析生產(chǎn)者與加工者之間的關(guān)系），不同的契約選擇及其治理機(jī)制對(duì)食品安全性的影響，以及產(chǎn)生這種影響的內(nèi)在機(jī)理，，從而為解決食品安全問題提供理論上的支持。 本文以改善食品質(zhì)量安全為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，通過對(duì)國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究成果的綜合分析，以交易成本理論、契約理論和治理理論為理論基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合中國的實(shí)際情況，以案例研究的形式對(duì)中國最大的食品加工企業(yè)A集團(tuán)進(jìn)行深入的案例研究。食品行業(yè)整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈包括生產(chǎn)、加工、儲(chǔ)存、運(yùn)輸和銷售等環(huán)節(jié)，本文將重點(diǎn)放在食品原料的生產(chǎn)與加工這兩個(gè)階段之間的交易以及契約關(guān)系對(duì)食品質(zhì)量安全的影響機(jī)理。本文主要有兩條研究主線：一是A集團(tuán)的自有生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，另一個(gè)是A集團(tuán)對(duì)外采購的生豬供應(yīng)鏈。文章首先通過理論分析的方式提出研究假設(shè)命題，其次根據(jù)收集到的數(shù)據(jù)資料，按照案例研究的規(guī)范方法進(jìn)行整理、分析，驗(yàn)證此前所提出的研究命題。 本文的研究表明，食品的質(zhì)量安全與食品企業(yè)內(nèi)部治理機(jī)制有著密切的關(guān)系。交易雙方（A集團(tuán)與供應(yīng)鏈上的其它企業(yè)）資產(chǎn)的專用性程度、交易的頻率對(duì)企業(yè)選擇契約模式以及治理模式影響較大。作為食品加工企業(yè)，本著保證食品質(zhì)量安全的基礎(chǔ)，會(huì)根據(jù)交易成本的三個(gè)維度選擇最優(yōu)的交易模式與治理機(jī)制。文章成功驗(yàn)證了前文提出的6個(gè)理論命題，用案例證明了龍頭企業(yè)的治理模式、專用性資產(chǎn)的高低、交易頻率的大小、對(duì)貨源質(zhì)量要求的高低、合作時(shí)間的長短以及龍頭企業(yè)的聲譽(yù)機(jī)制對(duì)食品質(zhì)量安全的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)影響機(jī)理。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, people pay more and more attention to food safety and strict requirements for agricultural products. Therefore, how to ensure the high-quality and safe food supply effectively becomes the key problem of people's life. However, the problems of food quality and safety in China are common at present, which directly leads to the decrease of consumer confidence and affects the development of modern agriculture and food processing industry in China. This paper intends to study the problem of food safety from the perspective of transaction cost theory and contract theory, in order to explain that in the whole food supply chain, The effects of different contract choices and their governance mechanisms on food safety between different trading nodes upstream and downstream (mainly analyzing the relationship between producers and processors), and the underlying mechanisms for such effects, Thus providing theoretical support for solving food safety problems. This paper takes improving food quality and safety as the starting point, through the comprehensive analysis of relevant research results at home and abroad, taking transaction cost theory, contract theory and governance theory as the theoretical basis, combined with the actual situation in China. In the form of case study, A Group, the largest food processing enterprise in China, is studied in depth. The whole supply chain of food industry includes production, processing, storage, transportation and sales. This paper focuses on the transaction between the production and processing of food raw materials and the influence mechanism of contract relationship on food quality and safety. There are two main lines of research in this paper: one is the pig industry chain of A Group, the other is the pig supply chain purchased by A Group. Firstly, the thesis puts forward the hypothetical proposition by theoretical analysis, and then, according to the collected data, according to the normative method of the case study, analyzes and verifies the research proposition put forward before. The research shows that the quality and safety of food is closely related to the internal governance mechanism of food enterprises. The degree of specificity of the assets of both parties (group A and other enterprises in the supply chain) and the frequency of transaction have great influence on the choice of contract mode and governance model. As a food processing enterprise, based on the guarantee of food quality and safety, the optimal transaction mode and governance mechanism will be selected according to the three dimensions of transaction cost. This paper successfully verifies the six theoretical propositions put forward above, and proves the governance model of leading enterprises, the level of special assets, the size of transaction frequency, the quality requirements of the supply of goods by cases. The economic influence mechanism of cooperation time and reputation mechanism of leading enterprises on food quality and safety.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.82;F203

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