本文選題：中小企業(yè) + 融資模式��； 參考：《江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：中小企業(yè)是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不可或缺的重要組成部分。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),截止2012年底,我國(guó)中小企業(yè)數(shù)量約有4600萬(wàn)家,占全國(guó)企業(yè)總數(shù)的99.4%,貢獻(xiàn)了全國(guó)60%出口總額、59%的銷售收入、42%的利稅總額、63%的工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值,并創(chuàng)造了80%以上的城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè),提供了全國(guó)約65%的發(fā)明專利,75%的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和80%以上的新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)。但是中小企業(yè)由于管理不規(guī)范、信息透明度不高、缺乏擔(dān)保物、貸款的數(shù)額小等特點(diǎn)一直受到銀行貸款的歧視,加之我國(guó)的金融市場(chǎng)不夠發(fā)達(dá)以及融資渠道單一,使得中小企業(yè)融資困難重重。融資難問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為制約我國(guó)中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的最大瓶頸之一。 中小企業(yè)極大一部分分布在經(jīng)開區(qū)、高新區(qū)、產(chǎn)業(yè)園、科技園等工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)。工業(yè)園是中小企業(yè)的集聚地,園區(qū)內(nèi)企業(yè)地理鄰近,相互之間較為熟悉,特別是產(chǎn)業(yè)集群內(nèi)基于產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的專業(yè)化分工有著頻繁貿(mào)易合作的中小企業(yè)。 基于以上的背景,本文以“工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)中小企業(yè)的特殊性,能否為中小企業(yè)融資難問(wèn)題提供新的解決思路與模式”為主線,采用理論與實(shí)證相結(jié)合為主要研究方法,以“組團(tuán)”融資模式為解決困境的突破口,對(duì)中小企業(yè)融資困境的解決思路與方法進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析。 首先,本文在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的梳理后,總結(jié)了我國(guó)中小企業(yè)目前融資的主要方式、融資困難的現(xiàn)狀以及導(dǎo)致中小企業(yè)融資困難的原因。其次,文中分析了相較于園區(qū)外的中小企業(yè),工業(yè)園中小企業(yè)具有地理聚集、企業(yè)間存在關(guān)聯(lián)、從事產(chǎn)業(yè)專精性等特殊性,這些特征有利于提高園區(qū)內(nèi)中小企業(yè)的信用度、降低融資的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和交易成本、增加銀行的收益,從而提高銀行貸款的積極性�；谠搩�(yōu)勢(shì)我們提出了解決工業(yè)園區(qū)融資困境的突破口在于“組團(tuán)”融資,具體可參用團(tuán)體融資模式、互助擔(dān)保融資模式和供應(yīng)鏈融資模式。然后,文中運(yùn)用博弈模型,模擬各融資模式的“游戲”參與者的行為和最優(yōu)化策略,探究博弈均衡條件,并總結(jié)出實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)園中小企業(yè)和銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)“共贏”應(yīng)注意的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。最后,在總結(jié)前文的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出了引導(dǎo)園區(qū)企業(yè)集群發(fā)展、加快政府專項(xiàng)互助擔(dān)�；鸬脑O(shè)立、推動(dòng)園區(qū)綜合信息服務(wù)平臺(tái)的搭建、完善中小企業(yè)融資政策與法律法規(guī)等相關(guān)建議。 本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)方面：一是研究角度上,從工業(yè)園的視角對(duì)中小企業(yè)融資進(jìn)行了分析,突出了工業(yè)園區(qū)中小企業(yè)融資的特殊性；二是研究?jī)?nèi)容上,本文深入分析了各模式中各融資參與者之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)機(jī)理,區(qū)別了以往將融資模式與融資方式等同的情況；三是研究方法上,本文采用了博弈論分析方法,分析了各融資模式的博弈均衡條件。
[Abstract]:Small and medium-sized enterprises are an indispensable part of social and economic development. According to statistics, by the end of 2012, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China was about 46 million, accounting for 99.4 percent of the total number of enterprises in the country, contributing 60 percent of the total export volume of the country, or 59 percent of the total sales income, or 42 percent of the total profits and taxes of the total industrial output value, and creating more than 80 percent of the urban employment. About 65% of invention patents and 75% of technological innovation and 80% of new product development are provided. However, SMEs have been discriminated against by bank loans because of their irregular management, low transparency of information, lack of collateral, small amount of loans and so on. In addition, the financial market of our country is not well developed and the financing channel is single. Small and medium-sized enterprises financing difficulties. Financing problem has become one of the biggest bottlenecks restricting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. A large part of SMEs are located in industrial parks such as Jingkai District, Hi-tech Zone, Industrial Park, Science Park and so on. The industrial park is the gathering place of small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprises in the park are close to each other and are familiar with each other, especially the small and medium-sized enterprises with frequent trade cooperation in the specialized division of labor based on the industrial chain in the industrial cluster. Based on the above background, this paper takes "the particularity of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial park, whether to provide a new way of thinking and mode for the financing difficulties of the small and medium-sized enterprises" as the main line, and adopts the combination of theory and practice as the main research method. Taking the financing mode of "group" as the breakthrough point to solve the dilemma, this paper systematically analyzes the ideas and methods of solving the financing dilemma of small and medium-sized enterprises. First of all, this paper summarizes the main financing methods, the current situation of financing difficulties and the causes of financing difficulties of SMEs in China after combing the relevant literature at home and abroad. Secondly, compared with the small and medium-sized enterprises outside the park, the paper analyzes the particularity of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial park, such as geographical agglomeration, relationship among the enterprises, industry specialization and so on. These characteristics are helpful to improve the credit degree of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the park. Reduce the credit risk and transaction cost of financing, increase the bank's income, so as to increase the enthusiasm of bank loan. Based on this advantage, we put forward that the breakthrough to solve the financing dilemma of industrial parks lies in group financing, mutual guarantee financing and supply chain financing. Then, the game model is used to simulate the behavior and optimization strategy of the "game" participants in each financing mode, and the equilibrium conditions of the game are explored. And summarizes the practical problems that should be paid attention to realize the financial institutions such as small and medium-sized enterprises and banks in industrial parks. Finally, on the basis of summing up the above, this paper proposes to guide the development of enterprises cluster, accelerate the establishment of special mutual aid guarantee fund, and promote the construction of comprehensive information service platform of the park. Improve small and medium-sized enterprises financing policy and laws and regulations and other relevant recommendations. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: first, from the perspective of industrial parks, the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises is analyzed, highlighting the particularity of the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in industrial parks; second, the content of the research. This paper deeply analyzes the internal correlation mechanism among the financing participants in each model, and distinguishes the situation that the financing mode and the financing mode are the same in the past. Thirdly, on the research method, this paper adopts the game theory analysis method. The game equilibrium conditions of each financing mode are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F275

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