本文選題：采購渠道 + 供應鏈管理�。� 參考：《大連海事大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在全球經(jīng)濟一體化的今天,制造業(yè)的成本和利潤是越來越透明化。企業(yè)的銷售渠道對于目標市場,最終用戶也是越來越公開化�，F(xiàn)在軌道機車制造行業(yè)有些項目的名稱也都直接用最終客戶名稱或用途直接命名,如“廣州地鐵3號線維修車”,“Zefiro380"(時速380公里的高速列車)。與此相關的前期的合同招標、投標,圖紙設計,項目采購(包括原材料及設備采購),產(chǎn)品和設備的維修維護計劃等等的實施都是以此作為整體項目名稱。 所以,現(xiàn)在企業(yè)之間的競爭實際上已變成供應鏈之間的競爭。供應鏈管理已成為企業(yè)培育核心競爭力、增強競爭優(yōu)勢、適應全球經(jīng)濟一體化市場的重要組成部分。而當前的商業(yè)環(huán)境,在全球經(jīng)濟一體化的背景下,供應鏈的成本控制和優(yōu)化組合就變得尤為重要。良好合理的供應鏈運轉能對客戶的需求具有快反應能力,并能盡最大可能地控制成本,可以幫助企業(yè)實現(xiàn)提升市場競爭力的目的。對于某些企業(yè)來說,即要滿足客戶不斷高漲的期望并能合理控制各個環(huán)節(jié)的運轉成本是有相當難度的,而那些能夠適時適地為客戶提供滿意的產(chǎn)品和服務的企業(yè)則具備了競爭優(yōu)勢,就能在競爭激烈的國際市場上占有一席之地,并會隨著供應鏈成本管理的提升,占有的市場份額也將隨著擴大。 本文從低成本國家采購的基本理論開始,闡述跨國公司在“最優(yōu)成本”市場的采購項目管理方式。以A公司在低成本國家的采購管理現(xiàn)狀和主要的問題分析為研究對象,通過跨國公司的對于所采購產(chǎn)品的通用標準要求,不同低成本國家的貿易政策和國際貿易中匯率變動風險等,以A公司為例,在此基礎上進一步的分析和研究在低成本國家采購中面對不同等級的供應商在篩選和確認過程中的問題和解決方案。再到研究A公司低成本國家采購的應對策略,分別從A公司對外面對供應商的角度和A公司的內部運作細入的進行分析。最后通過闡述A公司的供應商評估和采購項目具體的管理措施,通過具體的案例分析,來進一步研究在低成本國家采購管理的策略的實施,由此給企業(yè)帶來的成本節(jié)約和整體競爭力的提高。 希望本文通過A公司的采購策略的分析和研究,能有助于其它的類似企業(yè)把全球低成本國家采購作為當前供應鏈管理的一個重點中具有一定的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:In the global economic integration today, manufacturing costs and profits are becoming more and more transparent. The marketing channel of the enterprise is also more and more open to the target market. At present, the names of some projects in the railway locomotive manufacturing industry are also directly named by the final customer name or use, such as "Guangzhou Metro Line 3 repair vehicle" and "Zefiro380" (380 km / h high-speed train). The implementation of pre-contract bidding, drawing design, project procurement (including raw materials and equipment procurement, product and equipment maintenance plan, etc.) is based on the overall project name. Therefore, now the competition between enterprises has actually become the competition between supply chains. Supply chain management has become an important part of enterprises to cultivate core competitiveness, enhance competitive advantage and adapt to the global economic integration market. In the current business environment, under the background of global economic integration, cost control and optimal combination of supply chain become more and more important. Good and reasonable supply chain operation can quickly respond to customer's demand, and can control cost as far as possible, which can help enterprises to achieve the goal of improving market competitiveness. For some enterprises, it is quite difficult to meet the rising expectations of customers and to reasonably control the operating costs of each link. Those who can provide satisfactory products and services to customers at the right time have a competitive advantage, and will have a place in the competitive international market, and will be able to improve the cost management of the supply chain. Share of the market will also be expanded. Starting with the basic theory of low cost country procurement, this paper expounds the purchasing project management mode of multinational corporations in the "optimal cost" market. Taking the purchasing management status quo and main problems of A Company in low-cost countries as the research object, through the common standard requirements of multinational corporations for the products purchased, The trade policies of different low-cost countries and the risk of exchange rate changes in international trade. Take Company A as an example. On this basis, further analysis and study of low cost country procurement in the face of different levels of suppliers in the process of selection and identification of problems and solutions. Then, the paper studies the strategy of low cost country purchasing of company A, and analyzes the internal operation of company A from the perspective of company A facing suppliers outside and the internal operation of company A. Finally, by explaining the supplier evaluation and purchasing project specific management measures of A Company, and through the specific case analysis, to further study the implementation of procurement management strategy in low-cost countries. The cost savings and the overall competitiveness of the enterprise. It is hoped that through the analysis and study of the purchasing strategy of company A, this paper will be helpful for other similar enterprises to take global low-cost country procurement as a key point of current supply chain management.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F274

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