本文關(guān)鍵詞： 新常態(tài) 外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式 對(duì)外貿(mào)易　出處：《哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)順應(yīng)全球化趨勢(shì),對(duì)外貿(mào)易飛速發(fā)展,2010年出口貿(mào)易超過(guò)德國(guó),2013年,我國(guó)進(jìn)口貿(mào)易首次超過(guò)美國(guó),成為全球貨物貿(mào)易第一大國(guó)。隨著國(guó)際貿(mào)易環(huán)境復(fù)雜多變,國(guó)際金融危機(jī)以來(lái)主要發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義盛行,外部需求具有較大不確定性,使得我國(guó)在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇。新常態(tài)下,外貿(mào)逐漸進(jìn)入中低速發(fā)展階段,我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力成本優(yōu)勢(shì)逐漸降低,就要求我國(guó)相應(yīng)調(diào)整外貿(mào)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,根據(jù)國(guó)際市場(chǎng)需求,生產(chǎn)出讓消費(fèi)者滿意的商品,以增強(qiáng)我國(guó)在全球市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。積極參與全球國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng),讓我國(guó)的外貿(mào)企業(yè)更好地開(kāi)拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng),保持外貿(mào)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng),在轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式中,必須轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式。只有轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式,才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)出口市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)大,繼續(xù)發(fā)揮我國(guó)低要素成本的大國(guó)制造優(yōu)勢(shì),通過(guò)跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)和內(nèi)外貿(mào)一體化供應(yīng)鏈體系,降低企業(yè)出口成本,增強(qiáng)我國(guó)出口商品的滲透力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。論文研究了在新常態(tài)下我國(guó)外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓存在的問(wèn)題,提出了轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式的目標(biāo),分析了其作用機(jī)制,運(yùn)用分析法、歸納總結(jié)法等,在搜集現(xiàn)有理論和文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)之上進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)化的文獻(xiàn)分類(lèi)和加工整理。雖然我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展迅速,但我國(guó)市場(chǎng)集中度高對(duì)傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)出口市場(chǎng)依賴較強(qiáng),進(jìn)出口市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)仍面臨調(diào)整優(yōu)化,低成本競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)逐漸削弱,參與國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)方式落后,缺乏開(kāi)拓新市場(chǎng)的動(dòng)力,企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)研發(fā)能力不強(qiáng),主要依靠低成本制造優(yōu)勢(shì),使我國(guó)出口商品處于全球價(jià)值鏈低端環(huán)節(jié)。運(yùn)用實(shí)證分析法,通過(guò)分析我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù),建立外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式轉(zhuǎn)變的績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)模型,分析評(píng)價(jià)各因素的影響效果,通過(guò)不斷加大高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口市場(chǎng)的開(kāi)拓力度,并且對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行比較借鑒,提出新常態(tài)下轉(zhuǎn)變我國(guó)外貿(mào)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓方式的對(duì)策。包括:優(yōu)化出口市場(chǎng)布局和貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu),強(qiáng)化企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新,提高高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品占總出口比重,營(yíng)造國(guó)際分工價(jià)值鏈提升的政策環(huán)境和產(chǎn)品服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈體系,創(chuàng)新貿(mào)易方式,融入國(guó)外零售體系等對(duì)策思路。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has complied with the trend of globalization and foreign trade has developed rapidly. In 2010, China's export trade surpassed that of Germany. In 2013, China's import trade surpassed the United States for the first time, becoming the largest country in the world's trade in goods. Since the international financial crisis, trade protectionism has prevailed in the major developed countries, and the external demand is uncertain, which makes our country's competition in the international market intensify. Under the new normal, foreign trade has gradually entered the stage of medium and low speed development. Our country's labor cost advantage is gradually decreasing, which requires our country to adjust its foreign trade development strategy accordingly, and to produce goods that satisfy consumers according to the demand of the international market. In order to enhance our country's competitiveness in the global market, to actively participate in the global international competition, to enable our foreign trade enterprises to better develop the international market, to maintain the sustained and stable growth of foreign trade, and to change the mode of foreign trade development, We must change the mode of opening up the foreign trade market. Only by changing the mode of opening up the foreign trade market can we realize the expansion of our export market and continue to give full play to the manufacturing advantages of our country's large countries with low factor costs. Through transnational operation and integrated supply chain system of domestic and foreign trade, the export cost of enterprises is reduced, and the permeability and competitive advantage of China's export commodities are enhanced. This paper studies the problems existing in the development of China's foreign trade market under the new normal state. The paper puts forward the goal of changing the mode of opening up foreign trade market, analyzes its mechanism, applies the analysis method, induces and sums up the method, etc. On the basis of collecting the existing theories and literature, the systematic classification and processing of documents are carried out. Although China's foreign trade is developing rapidly, China's market concentration is highly dependent on the traditional import and export markets. The structure of import and export market is still facing adjustment and optimization, the competitive advantage of low cost is gradually weakened, the way of participating in international market is backward, the motive force of exploiting new market is lacking, the independent innovation and technology R & D ability of enterprise is not strong. Mainly relying on the advantage of low cost manufacturing, the export commodities of our country are in the low end of the global value chain. By using the empirical analysis method, the performance evaluation model of the transformation of foreign trade market development mode is established by analyzing the relevant data of China's foreign trade. This paper analyzes and evaluates the effects of various factors, and compares the experiences of developed countries in transforming their foreign trade market by constantly increasing the intensity of developing the export market of high and new technology products. The countermeasures to change the mode of foreign trade market development in China under the new normal condition are put forward, including: optimizing the distribution of export market and trade structure, strengthening the independent innovation of enterprises, increasing the proportion of high and new technology products in the total export. To create the policy environment for the promotion of international division of labor value chain and the system of product and service supply chain, to innovate the way of trade, and to integrate into the foreign retail system and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F752

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