【摘要】：智能相機(jī)是機(jī)器視覺(jué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)之一，它集圖像采集、處理、分析、傳輸?shù)裙δ苡谝惑w，小型化、分布式、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化等特點(diǎn)使其在不同行業(yè)有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。論文重點(diǎn)研究了基于Zynq平臺(tái)智能相機(jī)的前端圖像采集系統(tǒng)，探討了CCD片內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)流傳輸模型、圖像采集系統(tǒng)電路、CCD驅(qū)動(dòng)邏輯IP核、圖像采集模式、CCD性能參數(shù)評(píng)估等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及其實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，主要工作包括： 在深入分析Zynq平臺(tái)特性的基礎(chǔ)上規(guī)劃了基于該平臺(tái)的智能相機(jī)的總體架構(gòu)，完成圖像采集、核心處理控制、以太網(wǎng)通信、顯示、外部存儲(chǔ)等主要功能模塊的劃分，建立了CCD片內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)流傳輸模，并采用XSVI總線作為通用內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)傳輸接口。 針對(duì)ICX618圖像傳感器，設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的CCD驅(qū)動(dòng)外圍、AD采樣轉(zhuǎn)換、CCD驅(qū)動(dòng)電源等核心電路模塊，采用CXD1267AN進(jìn)行CCD三級(jí)驅(qū)動(dòng)電平轉(zhuǎn)換，，AD9949進(jìn)行圖像信號(hào)數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換和部分控制信號(hào)驅(qū)動(dòng)。以實(shí)現(xiàn)驅(qū)動(dòng)和采集模式的通用多功能性為目標(biāo)，采用有限狀態(tài)機(jī)描述圖像采集驅(qū)動(dòng)的復(fù)雜邏輯，通過(guò)Verilog硬件描述語(yǔ)言實(shí)現(xiàn)具有多模塊復(fù)雜協(xié)同特點(diǎn)的IP核開(kāi)發(fā)，主要功能模塊包括：CCD曝光、電荷讀出、轉(zhuǎn)移、檢測(cè)等不同階段的驅(qū)動(dòng)時(shí)序；AD寄存器SPI配置協(xié)議；XSVI通用內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)傳輸接口；彩色Bayer陣列雙線性插值恢復(fù)邏輯。 完成智能相機(jī)圖像采集前端系統(tǒng)樣機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)工作，可實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)/外觸發(fā)、單幀/連續(xù)采集、彩色/黑白成像等多種圖像采集模式。對(duì)系統(tǒng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行了完整性分析，通過(guò)暗電流噪聲、響應(yīng)度、動(dòng)態(tài)范圍等測(cè)試進(jìn)行全面的CCD性能參數(shù)評(píng)估，并針對(duì)光學(xué)圓標(biāo)記點(diǎn)檢測(cè)進(jìn)行初步應(yīng)用測(cè)試。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，采集系統(tǒng)圖像性能達(dá)到預(yù)期要求，系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)和流程實(shí)現(xiàn)方式滿足智能相機(jī)功能需求。
[Abstract]:Intelligent camera is one of the research hotspots in the field of machine vision. It integrates image acquisition, processing, analysis, transmission and other functions. Miniaturization, distributed, networking and other characteristics make it have a wide range of application prospects in different industries. This paper focuses on the front-end image acquisition system based on Zynq platform intelligent camera, and discusses the on-chip data flow transmission model of CCD, the circuit of image acquisition system, the IP core of CCD driving logic, and the image acquisition mode. The key technologies such as CCD performance parameter evaluation and their implementation methods include: based on the in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the Zynq platform, the overall architecture of the intelligent camera based on the platform is planned, and the image acquisition and core processing control are completed. By dividing the main functional modules such as Ethernet communication, display, external storage and so on, the data stream transmission model on CCD chip is established, and XSVI bus is used as the general internal data transmission interface. For ICX618 image sensor, the corresponding CCD drive peripheral, AD sampling conversion, CCD drive power supply and other core circuit modules are designed. CXD1267AN is used for CCD three-level drive level conversion, AD9949 for image signal digital-to-analog conversion and partial control signal drive. In order to realize the general versatility of driving and acquisition mode, the complex logic of image acquisition driver is described by finite state machine, and the IP core development with the characteristics of multi-module complex cooperation is realized by Verilog hardware description language. The main functional modules include: CCD exposure, charge readout, transfer, detection and other different stages of the driving timing; AD register SPI configuration protocol; XSVI general internal data transmission interface; color Bayer array bilinear interpolation recovery logic. The prototype of the front-end system of intelligent camera image acquisition can be developed, which can realize many image acquisition modes, such as internal / external trigger, single frame / continuous acquisition, color / black-and-white imaging and so on. The integrity of the driving signal of the system is analyzed, the performance parameters of CCD are evaluated by dark current noise, responsiveness, dynamic range and so on, and the preliminary application test is carried out for the detection of optical circular marking point. The experimental results show that the image performance of the acquisition system meets the expected requirements, and the system architecture and process implementation meet the functional requirements of the intelligent camera.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB852.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李相民,周立偉,金偉其;科學(xué)級(jí)致冷 CCD 相機(jī)的性能和技術(shù)[J];大連理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1997年S2期

2 劉煥軍,王耀南,段峰;機(jī)器視覺(jué)中的圖像采集技術(shù)[J];電腦與信息技術(shù);2003年01期

3 馬天波;劉輝;臧佳;;線陣CCD性能指標(biāo)測(cè)試軟件設(shè)計(jì)[J];光機(jī)電信息;2011年07期

4 冉峰;楊輝;黃舒平;;面陣CCD彩色視頻圖像實(shí)時(shí)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)[J];光學(xué)精密工程;2010年01期

5 朱廣;周程亮;;CCD圖像傳感器在路徑識(shí)別系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J];工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī);2009年03期

6 許秀貞,李自田,薛利軍;CCD噪聲分析及處理技術(shù)[J];紅外與激光工程;2004年04期

7 程耀瑜,胡潬,韓焱;化妝品級(jí)制冷CCD的研究及其在X射線成像檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[J];激光與光電子學(xué)進(jìn)展;2002年02期

8 侯新梅;李自田;胡炳j;;AD9822及其在面陣CCD系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J];現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù);2010年20期

9 張林;李永新;胡學(xué)友;;基于相關(guān)雙采樣技術(shù)的CCD視頻信號(hào)處理研究[J];宇航計(jì)測(cè)技術(shù);2007年02期

10 姜忠寶;高俊國(guó);段少麗;王昌盛;;CCD圖像傳感器的原理及軍事應(yīng)用[J];電子元器件應(yīng)用;2003年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 馮曉靜;面向服務(wù)的異構(gòu)多核片上系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究及實(shí)現(xiàn)[D];中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：2475827