【摘要】：超聲技術(shù)在工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、軍事、健康和其他方面的應(yīng)用日益廣泛,實(shí)現(xiàn)電聲轉(zhuǎn)換的換能器是技術(shù)核心。為了滿足各類超聲技術(shù)應(yīng)用中具有獨(dú)特的指向性聲場的輻射聲源要求,滿足不同聲場需求的換能器及陣列的研究發(fā)展很快。 隨著社會發(fā)展對超聲檢測質(zhì)量要求的不斷提高,對超聲波的聲場也提出了更高的要求。從最簡單的傳感器陣列到線性陣列、凸陣列、環(huán)陣列和相控陣等等類型都獲得了快速發(fā)展�；诨莞乖戆l(fā)展起來的超聲相控陣技術(shù),激勵信號按一定規(guī)則和時(shí)序控制激發(fā)陣列換能器各個(gè)陣元,調(diào)整超聲掃描波束形狀、焦點(diǎn)位置以及聲束掃描偏轉(zhuǎn)角。目前絕大部分線陣列的聚焦區(qū)域條是線狀,掃描面是平面,對于涉及到空間立體的應(yīng)用,需要比較特殊的圓柱形掃描聲場,本文提出滿足空間立體聲場分布的柱狀線陣列超聲換能器,進(jìn)行了以下幾方面的研究： (1)理論研究陣列超聲換能器的參數(shù)、基本組成和診斷儀分辨率的評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),討論設(shè)計(jì)新型線陣列換能器的理論依據(jù)及各種超聲陣列的波束處理方法,提出線性陣列換能器新組成方式：以線陣元為基礎(chǔ)組成柱狀陣列換能器。 (2)通過仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),改變線陣列的參數(shù),間距相同,基元數(shù)目參數(shù)對新設(shè)計(jì)換能器柵瓣的影響,研究旁瓣減小的條件。研究表明：當(dāng)陣元數(shù)目增加的時(shí)候,主瓣寬度減��；組成線陣的陣元長度和寬度會對陣列的指向性有一定的影響,當(dāng)陣元長度和寬度越大,線陣列指向性的主瓣寬度越小,柵瓣越大,柵瓣數(shù)量越多；當(dāng)陣元寬度保持不變,陣元長度變大的同時(shí)線陣列的指向性越優(yōu)。 (3)本文提出的柱狀陣列換能器的聚焦區(qū)域?yàn)橐粋�(gè)圓環(huán),同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)陣元的形狀對柱狀換能器陣列的指向性有一定影響；柱狀換能器的聚焦圓環(huán)可以通過陣元的激勵延時(shí)控制改變指向性。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic technology is widely used in industry, agriculture, military, health and other fields. The transducer to realize electroacoustic conversion is the core of the technology. In order to meet the requirements of radiation sources with unique directional sound field in the application of various ultrasonic technologies, the research of transducer and array to meet the needs of different sound fields has developed rapidly. With the continuous improvement of the quality requirements of ultrasonic testing in the development of society, the sound field of ultrasonic is also put forward higher requirements. From the simplest sensor array to linear array, convex array, ring array and phased array and other types have been developed rapidly. Based on Huygens principle, the ultrasonic phased array technology is developed. The excitation signal controls each array element of the excitation array transducer according to certain rules and timing, and adjusts the beam shape, focus position and beam scanning deflection angle of the ultrasonic scanning. At present, most of the focus area bars of the line array are linear, and the scanning surface is planar. For applications involving spatial stereoscopic, it is necessary to have a special cylindrical scanning sound field. In this paper, a cylindrical linear array ultrasonic transducer satisfying the distribution of spatial stereoscopic sound field is proposed. The following aspects are studied: (1) the parameters, basic composition and evaluation criteria of the resolution of the diagnostic instrument are studied theoretically. This paper discusses the theoretical basis of designing a new type of line array transducer and the beam processing methods of various ultrasonic arrays, and puts forward a new composition method of linear array transducer: cylindrical array transducer based on line array element. (2) through the simulation experiment, the parameters of the line array are changed, the spacing is the same, and the influence of the number of elements on the gate lobe of the newly designed transducer is studied, and the condition of sidelobe reduction is studied. The results show that when the number of elements increases, the width of the main lobe decreases. The length and width of the array elements will have a certain influence on the directivity of the array. when the length and width of the array elements are larger, the smaller the main lobe width of the linear array directivity is, the larger the gate lobe is and the more the number of gate petals is. When the width of the array element remains unchanged, the direction of the line array is better when the length of the array element becomes larger and the direction of the line array is better. (3) the focusing region of the cylindrical array transducer proposed in this paper is a ring, and it is found that the shape of the array element has a certain influence on the directivity of the cylindrical transducer array. The focusing ring of the cylindrical transducer can change the directivity through the excitation delay control of the array element.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB552

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