【摘要】：隨著高速公路的大量建設(shè)，車速不斷提高，人們對車輛的舒適性和安全性給予了更高的關(guān)注。懸架作為影響車輛性能的關(guān)鍵部件，采用能夠根據(jù)路面情況和車輛運行工況實時控制的智能懸架是提高車輛性能的一條重要途徑。近二十多年來，由于具有響應(yīng)快，動態(tài)范圍寬，，功耗低，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單等特點，學(xué)者和工程師們對磁流變半主動懸架進行了深入的研究，在磁流變減振器設(shè)計、力學(xué)建模、懸架系統(tǒng)的建模和控制等方面取得了豐碩的成果，這些研究大多沒有考慮到各構(gòu)件空間位置變化幾何非線性對力學(xué)模型和控制的影響，有必要明確這些影響的大小�；诖�，本文以麥弗遜（Macpherson）懸架為研究對象，利用多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化理論設(shè)計并研制了汽車磁流變減振器，建立了相應(yīng)的控制模型；并利用多體動力學(xué)理論和數(shù)值仿真方法分別針對幾何非線性對被動和半主動控制懸架系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)行為的影響進行了研究。具體工作主要包括以下幾個方面： （1）在分析、總結(jié)現(xiàn)有車輛懸架減振器結(jié)構(gòu)和性能優(yōu)缺點的基礎(chǔ)之上，提出了適合麥弗遜懸架的磁流變減振器設(shè)計方案；利用modeFRONTIER多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化軟件平臺，以最大阻尼力及其可調(diào)動態(tài)范圍為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)，基于賓漢姆塑性非線性流體修正模型和ANSYS命令流磁路計算為基礎(chǔ)，通過多目標(biāo)遺傳算法進行求解計算，并結(jié)合優(yōu)化結(jié)果進行線性相關(guān)度和響應(yīng)面分析，確定減振器活塞的關(guān)鍵尺寸。 （2）根據(jù)減振器結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計方案和優(yōu)化計算確定的減振器活塞尺寸參數(shù)，加工研制出了磁流變減振器，并利用搭建的MTS電磁測試系統(tǒng)對其示功特性、速度特性和溫度特性進行了測試，比較了設(shè)計阻尼力與試驗測試得到的阻尼力變化規(guī)律，分析了產(chǎn)生誤差的主要原因，建立了減振器阻尼力的控制模型。 （3）以多剛體系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ)，應(yīng)用機械系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)仿真軟件ADAMS的轎車模塊ADAMS/Car建立了整車模型；利用位移矩陣法推導(dǎo)了懸架各構(gòu)件因空間位置變化導(dǎo)致的幾何非線性動力學(xué)模型。通過這兩種方法分析了幾何非線性對被動懸架系統(tǒng)減振效果的影響。 （4）基于幾何非線性磁流變懸架動力學(xué)模型，分別設(shè)計了天棚阻尼控制器、模糊控制器和滑�？刂破�，研究了幾何非線性對半主動控制懸架系統(tǒng)性能的影響。最后通過合理的補償，減小了因懸架建模的簡化帶來的影響。
[Abstract]:With the large number of highway construction and speed increasing, people pay more attention to the comfort and safety of vehicles. Suspension is a key component affecting vehicle performance. It is an important way to improve vehicle performance by adopting intelligent suspension which can be controlled in real time according to road condition and vehicle operating condition. Over the past two decades, due to the characteristics of fast response, wide dynamic range, low power consumption and simple structure, scholars and engineers have carried out in-depth research on the magnetorheological semi-active suspension, in the design of magnetorheological shock absorbers, mechanical modeling, and so on. Many achievements have been made in modeling and control of suspension systems. Most of these studies do not take into account the influence of geometric nonlinearity on the mechanical model and control caused by the spatial position variation of each component. It is necessary to clarify the magnitude of these effects. Based on this, this paper takes the Madison (Macpherson) suspension as the research object, designs and develops the automobile magnetorheological damper by using the multi-objective optimization theory, and establishes the corresponding control model. The effects of geometric nonlinearity on the dynamic behavior of passive and semi-active suspension systems are studied by means of multi-body dynamics theory and numerical simulation method. The concrete work mainly includes the following aspects: (1) on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of the structure and performance of the existing vehicle suspension damper, the design scheme of the Mr damper suitable for the McPherson suspension is put forward; Taking the maximum damping force and its adjustable dynamic range as the optimization objective, based on Bingham plastic nonlinear fluid correction model and the magnetic circuit calculation of ANSYS command flow, the modeFRONTIER multi-objective optimization software platform is used. The key dimensions of shock absorber piston are determined by multi-objective genetic algorithm, linear correlation and response surface analysis combined with optimization results. (2) according to the design scheme of the shock absorber structure and the dimension parameters of the piston determined by the optimization calculation, the magnetorheological shock absorber is fabricated, and the MTS electromagnetic testing system is used to show the power characteristics of the damper. The velocity characteristic and the temperature characteristic are tested, the variation rule of the damping force is compared between the designed damping force and the experimental test, the main causes of the error are analyzed, and the control model of damping force of the shock absorber is established. (3) based on the theory of multi-rigid body system dynamics, the whole vehicle model is established by using the car module ADAMS/Car of mechanical system dynamics simulation software ADAMS. Based on the displacement matrix method, the geometric nonlinear dynamic model of each suspension member due to the change of space position is derived. Through these two methods, the influence of geometric nonlinearity on the damping effect of passive suspension system is analyzed. (4) based on the geometric nonlinear magnetorheological suspension dynamics model, the ceiling damping controller, fuzzy controller and sliding mode controller are designed, and the influence of geometric nonlinearity on the semi-active control suspension system performance is studied. At last, through reasonable compensation, the influence of the simplification of suspension modeling is reduced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 廖昌榮,李立新,陳偉民,黃尚廉;磁流變材料及其在振動控制中的應(yīng)用[J];材料導(dǎo)報;2000年06期

2 楊仕清,王豪才,張萬里,龔捷;磁流變液智能材料、特性及器件研究[J];大自然探索;1998年03期

3 唐龍;劉奇;張平;;水基磁流變液的制備及其性能研究[J];功能材料;2006年04期

4 居本祥;余淼;浮潔;;羰基鐵粉的C含量對磁流變彈性體磁流變效應(yīng)的影響[J];重慶大學(xué)學(xué)報;2012年08期

5 董小閔;管治;浮潔;余森;;汽車磁流變碰撞緩沖器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計與分析[J];功能材料與器件學(xué)報;2012年03期

6 應(yīng)艷杰,方敏,陳無畏;基于微分幾何的非線性汽車懸架主動控制[J];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2005年03期

7 林逸,陳欣,王望予;獨立懸架中的橡膠減振元件對汽車性能的影響[J];吉林工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;1993年03期

8 張偉謙;王維銳;吳參;;基于遺傳算法的MR減振器多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計[J];機械科學(xué)與技術(shù);2010年11期

9 李以農(nóng),鄭玲;基于磁流變減振器的汽車半主動懸架非線性控制方法[J];機械工程學(xué)報;2005年05期

10 王立忠,李云瑞,王鋒;磁流變體研究狀況及進展[J];航空制造工程;1997年07期

本文編號：2467082