層合隔聲材料的制備與性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-25 10:57
【摘要】：為改善層合隔聲材料的隔聲性能,本文以100:x:y的質量份數(shù)比將烘燥后的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)樹脂、廢鋼渣粉(SSP)和廢舊輪胎橡膠粉(WTRP)通過共混、開煉、模壓等工序制備EVA基復合材料。并與玻璃纖維織物復合后以用作層合隔聲復合材料的芯層,采用不同的結構設計,將芯層材料與硅酸鈣板、玻鎂板及聚碳酸酯板進行層合,制備不同結構的層合隔聲復合材料。通過對制成的材料進行SEM觀察,隔聲性能及拉伸機械性能測試,分析研究不同層合結構對復合材料隔聲性能的影響。首先,通過SEM觀察EVA基復合材料的斷面微觀形貌,發(fā)現(xiàn):在未添加偶聯(lián)劑的情況下,通過混煉等加工工序,SSP能均勻分布在EVA基體中,并與EVA基體形成較好的包埋型物理粘結;在添加少量WTRP時,SEM照片看不出明顯的分層界面,EVA與WTRP相容性良好。其次,研究了EVA基復合材料的隔聲性能及拉伸機械性能,結果表明:對于EVA/SSP或EVA/SSP/WTRP復合材料,相同面密度條件下,SSP填充含量的變化會影響復合材料在1600H_z~3150H_z和4000H_z~5000H_z聲頻區(qū)域的隔聲性能,適量地增加SSP含量可以提高復合材料的隔聲性能,當SSP填充份數(shù)為200時,隔聲性能達到最好。WTRP填充含量對復合材料隔聲量影響較明顯主要體現(xiàn)在EVA/WTRP復合材料中,當聲頻大于1250H_z時,隨著WTRP含量增加,EVA/WTRP復合材料的隔聲量隨之提高。在EVA/SSP/WTRP復合材料中,WTRP含量的變化差異相對較小,其填充含量對EVA/SSP/WTRP復合材料的隔聲量影響并不十分顯著。玻璃纖維織物能與EVA基復合材料良好地結合,復合后的材料隔聲性能有所提高。在EVA/SSP或EVA/SSP/WTRP復合材料中,SSP填充含量增加,拉伸強度增大,拉伸斷裂伸長率逐漸減小。WTRP含量對EVA/WTRP及EVA/SSP/WTRP復合材料的機械拉伸特性的影響趨于一致,當WTRP填充含量增加,復合材料的拉伸強度降低,斷裂伸長率減小。最后,將EVA基復合材料與三種面板進行層合結構設計,對不同層合結構的復合材料進行了隔聲測試,結果表明:當層合結構中含有空氣層時,可在大部分聲頻區(qū)域有效提高層合體系的隔聲量,空氣層厚度對三種不同面板層合體系的隔聲量影響無一致規(guī)律,無論層合結構中是否含有空氣層,加入芯層復合材料,均能明顯改善層合結構的隔聲性能,尤其提高了吻合頻率區(qū)域的隔聲量。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the sound insulation performance of laminated sound insulation materials, the dry ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resin, scrap steel slag powder (SSP) and waste tire rubber powder (WTRP) were blended and prepared by the mass fraction ratio of 100:x:y in this paper. EVA matrix composites were prepared by molding and other processes. After composite with glass fiber fabric, it is used as the core layer of laminated sound insulation composite material. Different structure design is adopted, and the core layer material is laminated with calcium silicate plate, glass magnesium plate and polycarbonate plate to prepare different structure laminated sound insulation composite materials. By means of SEM observation, sound insulation and tensile mechanical properties of the composites, the effects of different laminate structures on the sound insulation properties of the composites were analyzed. Firstly, the micro-morphology of EVA matrix composites was observed by SEM. It was found that under the condition of no coupling agent, SSP distributed evenly in EVA matrix through mixing and other processing processes, and formed a good embedded physical bond with EVA matrix. When a small amount of WTRP was added, the layered interface could not be seen in SEM photographs, and the compatibility between EVA and WTRP was good. Secondly, the sound insulation and tensile mechanical properties of EVA matrix composites were studied. The results show that for EVA/SSP or EVA/SSP/WTRP composites, the surface density is the same. The change of the filling content of SSP will affect the sound insulation properties of the composites in the 1600H_z~3150H_z and 4000H_z~5000H_z regions. Increasing the SSP content appropriately can improve the sound insulation properties of the composites. When the number of SSP fillers is 200, the sound insulation properties of the composites can be improved by increasing the content of SSP. The effect of WTRP content on the sound insulation of EVA/WTRP composites is obvious. When the sound frequency is greater than 1250H_z, the sound insulation of EVA/WTRP composites increases with the increase of WTRP content. In EVA/SSP/WTRP composites, the variation of WTRP content is relatively small, and the effect of filling content on the sound insulation of EVA/SSP/WTRP composites is not very significant. Glass fiber fabric can combine well with EVA matrix composites, and the sound insulation properties of the composites are improved. In EVA/SSP or EVA/SSP/WTRP composites, the filling content of SSP increases, the tensile strength increases and the tensile elongation at break decreases gradually. The effect of WTRP content on the mechanical tensile properties of EVA/WTRP and EVA/SSP/WTRP composites tends to be consistent. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites decreased and the elongation at break decreased with the increase of the filling content of WTRP. Finally, the laminated structures of EVA matrix composites and three kinds of panels are designed, and the acoustic insulation tests of the composites with different laminated structures are carried out. The results show that: when the laminated structure contains air layer, the results show that when the laminated structure contains air layer, the composite materials with different laminated structures are tested. The sound insulation of the laminating system can be effectively improved in most of the acoustic regions, and the influence of the thickness of the air layer on the sound insulation of the three kinds of laminate laminating systems is not uniform. No matter whether the laminated structure contains an air layer or not, the core layer composite is added. All of them can obviously improve the sound insulation performance of the laminated structure, especially the sound insulation in the coincidence frequency region.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB535
本文編號：2465027
[Abstract]:In order to improve the sound insulation performance of laminated sound insulation materials, the dry ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resin, scrap steel slag powder (SSP) and waste tire rubber powder (WTRP) were blended and prepared by the mass fraction ratio of 100:x:y in this paper. EVA matrix composites were prepared by molding and other processes. After composite with glass fiber fabric, it is used as the core layer of laminated sound insulation composite material. Different structure design is adopted, and the core layer material is laminated with calcium silicate plate, glass magnesium plate and polycarbonate plate to prepare different structure laminated sound insulation composite materials. By means of SEM observation, sound insulation and tensile mechanical properties of the composites, the effects of different laminate structures on the sound insulation properties of the composites were analyzed. Firstly, the micro-morphology of EVA matrix composites was observed by SEM. It was found that under the condition of no coupling agent, SSP distributed evenly in EVA matrix through mixing and other processing processes, and formed a good embedded physical bond with EVA matrix. When a small amount of WTRP was added, the layered interface could not be seen in SEM photographs, and the compatibility between EVA and WTRP was good. Secondly, the sound insulation and tensile mechanical properties of EVA matrix composites were studied. The results show that for EVA/SSP or EVA/SSP/WTRP composites, the surface density is the same. The change of the filling content of SSP will affect the sound insulation properties of the composites in the 1600H_z~3150H_z and 4000H_z~5000H_z regions. Increasing the SSP content appropriately can improve the sound insulation properties of the composites. When the number of SSP fillers is 200, the sound insulation properties of the composites can be improved by increasing the content of SSP. The effect of WTRP content on the sound insulation of EVA/WTRP composites is obvious. When the sound frequency is greater than 1250H_z, the sound insulation of EVA/WTRP composites increases with the increase of WTRP content. In EVA/SSP/WTRP composites, the variation of WTRP content is relatively small, and the effect of filling content on the sound insulation of EVA/SSP/WTRP composites is not very significant. Glass fiber fabric can combine well with EVA matrix composites, and the sound insulation properties of the composites are improved. In EVA/SSP or EVA/SSP/WTRP composites, the filling content of SSP increases, the tensile strength increases and the tensile elongation at break decreases gradually. The effect of WTRP content on the mechanical tensile properties of EVA/WTRP and EVA/SSP/WTRP composites tends to be consistent. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites decreased and the elongation at break decreased with the increase of the filling content of WTRP. Finally, the laminated structures of EVA matrix composites and three kinds of panels are designed, and the acoustic insulation tests of the composites with different laminated structures are carried out. The results show that: when the laminated structure contains air layer, the results show that when the laminated structure contains air layer, the composite materials with different laminated structures are tested. The sound insulation of the laminating system can be effectively improved in most of the acoustic regions, and the influence of the thickness of the air layer on the sound insulation of the three kinds of laminate laminating systems is not uniform. No matter whether the laminated structure contains an air layer or not, the core layer composite is added. All of them can obviously improve the sound insulation performance of the laminated structure, especially the sound insulation in the coincidence frequency region.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB535
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