發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-22 14:13

【摘要】：近50年來(lái),世界科技飛速發(fā)展,航空航天、低溫超導(dǎo)、低溫醫(yī)療、低溫物理等得到了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步,這使得小型低溫制冷機(jī)在這些領(lǐng)域大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。而斯特林制冷機(jī)是小型回?zé)崾降蜏刂评錂C(jī)中技術(shù)最為成熟、應(yīng)用最為廣泛的機(jī)種。斯特林制冷機(jī)又分為電控式和氣動(dòng)式結(jié)構(gòu),前者可以通過(guò)電控系統(tǒng)獲得很好的相位,但是結(jié)構(gòu)更復(fù)雜;后者結(jié)構(gòu)雖簡(jiǎn)單緊湊,但難以獲得好的相位(制冷機(jī)中質(zhì)量流和壓力波的相位差)。本文針對(duì)氣動(dòng)型斯特林制冷機(jī)的研究難點(diǎn),開(kāi)展了如下工作:(1)構(gòu)建并完善了的從壓縮機(jī)到膨脹機(jī)的動(dòng)力學(xué)耦合模型,定性地揭示了各個(gè)重要參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系和它們對(duì)制冷機(jī)性能的影響,為氣動(dòng)型斯特林制冷機(jī)的理解和設(shè)計(jì)提供了新的視角。(2)針對(duì)給定的氣動(dòng)型斯特林制冷機(jī),基于Sage軟件建立了數(shù)學(xué)模型,從定量的角度驗(yàn)證了所提出制冷機(jī)的整機(jī)動(dòng)力學(xué)耦合模型。(3)搭建了氣動(dòng)型斯特林制冷機(jī)的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,對(duì)該制冷機(jī)在不同運(yùn)行工況下的制冷性能和熱端壓比進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和模擬計(jì)算結(jié)果有較好的一致性,說(shuō)明了所構(gòu)建的Sage模型的準(zhǔn)確性,以及間接說(shuō)明了耦合理論的合理性。最后,對(duì)耦合模型將來(lái)在氣動(dòng)型斯特林制冷機(jī)指導(dǎo)和分析中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明,希望該模型在未來(lái)能夠帶來(lái)價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology in the past 50 years, great progress has been made in aerospace, cryogenic superconductivity, cryogenic medicine, cryogenic physics and so on, which makes small cryogenic refrigerators widely used in these fields. Stirling refrigerator is the most mature and widely used type of small regenerative cryogenic refrigerator. Stirling refrigerator can be divided into electric control structure and pneumatic structure. The former can obtain good phase through the electronic control system, but the structure is more complex. Although the latter structure is simple and compact, it is difficult to obtain a good phase (phase difference between mass flow and pressure wave in the refrigerator). Aiming at the research difficulties of pneumatic Stirling refrigerator, the following works are carried out in this paper: (1) the dynamic coupling model from compressor to expander is constructed and perfected. The relationship among the important parameters and their influence on the performance of the refrigerator are qualitatively revealed, which provides a new perspective for the understanding and design of the pneumatic Stirling refrigerator. (2) for a given pneumatic Stirling refrigerator, The mathematical model is established based on Sage software, and the dynamic coupling model of the proposed refrigerator is verified quantitatively. (3) the experimental equipment of pneumatic Stirling refrigerator is built. The refrigeration performance and the hot end pressure ratio of the refrigerator under different operating conditions are verified by experiments. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated results, and the accuracy of the Sage model is explained. And indirectly explain the rationality of the coupling theory. Finally, the application of the coupling model in the guidance and analysis of pneumatic Stirling refrigerators in the future is illustrated, and it is hoped that the model will bring value in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB651

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