【摘要】：近場聲全息(NAH)技術是一種非常有效的噪聲源識別、定位和聲場可視化技術,它根據聲源附近全息面上測量的復聲壓量可以重建出整個三維輻射聲場中任意點處的聲壓、質點速度矢量、聲強矢量以及聲源的輻射聲功率等聲學量。在過去的二十多年中,該技術取得了很大的發(fā)展,形成的全息變換算法主要有：空間聲場變換(STSF)、邊界元方法(BEM)和Helmholtz方程最小二乘法(HELS)。本文對幾種全息變換算法進行了介紹,實現(xiàn)和改進了基于STSF方法的NAH技術。在此基礎上,設計了一款應用于NAH實驗的傳聲器陣列架,并通過金屬薄板激振實驗對STSF算法進行了驗證。然后,將基于STSF的NAH基本算法應用于故障模擬試驗臺的噪聲源識別中,通過實驗展示了近場聲全息在噪聲源識別中的效果,并指出了在應用中存在的問題。本文主要做了以下幾個方面的研究： (1)回顧近場聲全息技術的發(fā)展歷史,分析了研究現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題,在此基礎上提出了這些問題的解決途徑。 (2)實現(xiàn)基于STSF的近場聲全息技術,解決該技術中的若干關鍵問題。采用特殊函數(shù)和分離變量法推導出平面NAH的理論公式,分析誤差并討論算法的數(shù)值實現(xiàn)。 (3)針對近場聲全息測量,分析其測量流程、測量儀器和測量裝置,在此基礎上,設計了一款應用于NAH實驗的傳聲器陣列架,并通過金屬薄板激振實驗對STSF算法進行了驗證。 (4)將基于STSF的NAH基本算法應用于故障模擬試驗臺的噪聲源識別中,通過實驗展示了近場聲全息在噪聲源識別中的效果,并指出了在應用中存在的問題。 (5)對全文的研究工作進行總結,并指出了有待進一步研究的課題。
[Abstract]:Near-field acoustic holography (NAH) is a very effective technique for noise source identification, localization and visualization of sound field. It can reconstruct the sound pressure at any point in the whole three-dimensional radiation sound field according to the complex sound pressure measured on the holography near the sound source. Particle velocity vector, sound intensity vector and sound source radiation sound power and other acoustic quantities. In the past two decades, this technique has made great progress. The main algorithms of holographic transformation are as follows: spatial acoustic field transformation (STSF), boundary element method (BEM) and Helmholtz equation least square method (HELS). In this paper, several holographic transformation algorithms are introduced, and the NAH technology based on STSF method is implemented and improved. On the basis of this, a microphone array frame applied to NAH experiment is designed, and the STSF algorithm is verified by the vibration experiment of metal sheet. Then, the basic NAH algorithm based on STSF is applied to the noise source identification of fault simulation test-bed. The effect of near-field acoustic holography in noise source identification is demonstrated by experiments, and the problems existing in the application are pointed out. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the development history of near-field acoustic holography is reviewed, the present research situation and existing problems are analyzed, and the solutions to these problems are put forward. (2) the near-field acoustic holography based on STSF is realized, and some key problems in this technique are solved. The theoretical formula of plane NAH is derived by means of special function and separated variable method. The error is analyzed and the numerical realization of the algorithm is discussed. (3) for near-field acoustic holography, the measuring flow, measuring instrument and measuring device are analyzed. On the basis of this, a microphone array frame applied to NAH experiment is designed, and the STSF algorithm is verified by metal sheet excitation experiment. (4) the basic algorithm of NAH based on STSF is applied to the noise source identification of fault simulation test-bed. The effect of near-field acoustic holography in noise source identification is demonstrated by experiments, and the problems existing in the application are pointed out. (5) summarize the research work of the full text and point out the topics to be further studied.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB52

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