【摘要】：水聲測距技術(shù)是許多聲吶系統(tǒng)中非常重要的部分,無論是聲學(xué)目標的定位、追蹤、導(dǎo)航,還是一些水聲測量測繪實驗等,都離不開高精度的水下距離測量。根據(jù)不同的測距應(yīng)用環(huán)境,水聲測距對于測量條件、測量精度和測量范圍等的要求各不相同。本文主要設(shè)計一種用于艦船輻射噪聲測量實驗的水聲測距系統(tǒng),要求具有較高的測距精度,并且對本身艦船輻射噪聲的影響較小。論文根據(jù)應(yīng)用背景,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了一種基于FPGA的同步鐘水聲測距系統(tǒng),主要包括同步發(fā)射信標和相關(guān)接收機兩部分,具有測距精度高、抗干擾性能好、發(fā)射效率高、對聲場環(huán)境影響小的特點。系統(tǒng)的同步通過高穩(wěn)定度的恒溫晶振(OCXO)實現(xiàn),信標使用PWM調(diào)制方式發(fā)射寬帶脈沖,接收機通過FPGA實現(xiàn)的數(shù)字匹配濾波器接收和檢測測距脈沖,然后通過SOPC的方式,將時延數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送給上位機進行距離換算和界面顯示。FPGA處理器選用低功耗的Cyclone Ⅲ系列芯片,程序主要由VHDL語言編寫,其中用FPGA作DSP運算是其中的難點,而通過SOPC則能使系統(tǒng)的集成度大幅提高。最后通過水池實驗對測距系統(tǒng)進行了測試,信標發(fā)射的寬帶脈沖和接收機匹配濾波器效果都較為理想。實驗對近距離測距數(shù)據(jù)進行了記錄和誤差分析,結(jié)果表明本文設(shè)計的同步鐘水聲測距系統(tǒng)基本符合設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:Underwater acoustic ranging technology is a very important part of many sonar systems, no matter it is the acoustic target location, tracking, navigation, or some underwater acoustic surveying and mapping experiments, it is inseparable from the high-precision underwater distance measurement. According to different application environments, the requirements of underwater acoustic ranging for measuring conditions, measuring accuracy and measuring range are different. In this paper, a underwater acoustic ranging system for ship radiated noise measurement experiment is designed, which requires high ranging accuracy and has little effect on ship radiated noise. According to the application background, this paper designs and implements a synchronous clock underwater acoustic ranging system based on FPGA. The system mainly includes two parts: synchronous transmitting beacon and correlative receiver. It has high ranging precision, good anti-jamming performance and high transmitting efficiency, and has the advantages of high ranging accuracy, good anti-jamming performance and high transmitting efficiency. The characteristics of small influence on sound field environment. The synchronization of the system is realized by the constant temperature crystal oscillator (OCXO) with high stability. The beacons transmit broadband pulses by means of PWM modulation. The receiver receives and detects the ranging pulses by the digital matched filter realized by FPGA, and then through the SOPC mode. The delay data is sent to the upper computer for distance conversion and interface display. Cyclone 鈪，

本文編號：2432357