歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的歷史社會(huì)學(xué)釋義
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-17 14:40
【摘要】：現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的歷史研究對現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)而言有著非常重要的意義,而作為現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)起源之一的歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)一直以來都是現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)史研究的重心。對歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的歷史演進(jìn)的持續(xù)考察并獲知其隱含的內(nèi)在演化機(jī)制能夠增進(jìn)對現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)歷史認(rèn)識(shí)并有助于現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)本身在未來的發(fā)展。根據(jù)這樣的研究目標(biāo),在基于歷史與社會(huì)科學(xué)研究準(zhǔn)則上運(yùn)用歷史社會(huì)學(xué)的研究方法,本文以歐洲社會(huì)的現(xiàn)代化變遷作為背景,通過生產(chǎn)技術(shù)、政治制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)政策以及人的內(nèi)在精神信念等維度,在類型學(xué)意義上對歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)起源的社會(huì)作用機(jī)制以及歷史因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行了整體的比較分析和解釋。該研究的所得結(jié)果如下：首先,歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的起源首先與社會(huì)的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)密切地聯(lián)系在一起,工業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)對歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)展有著十分獨(dú)特的作用機(jī)制。歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的歷史創(chuàng)造主體(設(shè)計(jì)師和思想家)對它的態(tài)度經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)從排斥到全面接受的過程,而這個(gè)過程的轉(zhuǎn)變則突出地體現(xiàn)在早期工業(yè)國與后繼工業(yè)國的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)參與者對工業(yè)化的設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)程序和審美的認(rèn)知和理解差異上,這種差異最終造成了設(shè)計(jì)上真正的現(xiàn)代主義不是在歐洲的早期工業(yè)國、反而最后是在后繼工業(yè)國里成形。其次,歐洲社會(huì)的政治制度與經(jīng)濟(jì)政策也以一種差異化的復(fù)雜方式作用于歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的起源。西歐的憲政制度和自由主義為它們的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)提供了寬松的意識(shí)形態(tài)環(huán)境,也因此在西歐(英國)的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)有著活躍的社會(huì)意識(shí)和意識(shí)形態(tài)表達(dá),但也因此缺乏來自國家層面對其發(fā)展的有組織支持。相比較而言,中、東歐的官僚集權(quán)和國家主義則對現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)有著更為明顯的主動(dòng)和強(qiáng)制,而其作用也具有雙面性：當(dāng)現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)符合其國家政治目標(biāo),那么在短期內(nèi)它將會(huì)起到巨大的促進(jìn)作用,反之,則會(huì)對其發(fā)展產(chǎn)生明顯的障礙,而這種阻礙在長期的歷史過程來看更為明顯。同樣地,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展的作用也是復(fù)調(diào)式的,西歐的自由主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)促進(jìn)了在歐洲那些具有商業(yè)性質(zhì)的設(shè)計(jì)活動(dòng)的繁榮,而中、東歐的壟斷和計(jì)劃管制經(jīng)濟(jì)則隨同相應(yīng)政治制度一起對它起著雙重的作用。此外,歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展不僅有其客觀的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)處境,它的出現(xiàn)也承載了主觀的歷史文化含義�；谧陨淼膬�(nèi)在文化信念,許多歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的參與者把設(shè)計(jì)看作是社會(huì)改革的一種有效手段并提出自己的改良方案。并且,歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)也體現(xiàn)了它所傳承的歐洲文化傳統(tǒng)：理性主義和理想主義。對于前者,歐洲現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的工業(yè)化本就是理性主義文化在技術(shù)上的表達(dá),它對現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的作用本身就是理性化的,不僅如此,歐洲的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)在對待工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)上也呈現(xiàn)了一個(gè)逐漸合理化的過程；歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的理想主義則主要體現(xiàn)在其各種設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的思想家和實(shí)踐者所抱有的烏托邦精神上,他們或者希望運(yùn)用設(shè)計(jì)來應(yīng)對現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)的不滿,或者希望用它來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己心中宗教式的彼岸世界。通過以上的闡述,對該研究可以做出這樣的結(jié)論：歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的起源和發(fā)展機(jī)制有著自身的歷史獨(dú)特性。其起源的獨(dú)特原因是由歐洲宏觀的社會(huì)變遷而造成的獨(dú)特社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)所設(shè)定的,同時(shí),其發(fā)展的特別價(jià)值或意義又受到歐洲社會(huì)文化觀念傳統(tǒng)的持久影響。為了增進(jìn)這樣的歷史理解,需要通過具有從歷史敘事向歷史分析進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)向的意識(shí)以及一種社會(huì)學(xué)的理論視野來獲得。在這個(gè)視野中,對社會(huì)的歷史變遷和由此產(chǎn)生的特別社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)知是分析的前提,而在此前提下,作為歷史活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造主體的歷史人物,其與社會(huì)背景具有交互性的思想同他們的實(shí)踐行動(dòng)一道則成為了決定歐洲現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)程的關(guān)鍵。也因此,這段歷史才能避免被簡單地認(rèn)為是由歷史人物所任意創(chuàng)造的,它也同樣免除了被簡化為表面的編年敘事的命運(yùn)。
[Abstract]:The historical study of modern design is of great significance to the modern design, and the European modern design, which is one of the origin of modern design, has been the center of gravity of modern design history. The continuous investigation of the historical evolution of the modern design of Europe and its implicit internal evolution mechanism can enhance the understanding of modern design history and help the development of modern design itself in the future. Based on the research object of this kind of research, based on the historical and social science research criterion, this paper uses the historical sociology research method, this text regards the modern change of the European society as the background, through the production technology, the political system, the economic policy and the human's inner spiritual belief and other dimensions, In the typological sense, the social action mechanism and the historical causal relationship of the origin of the modern European design are analyzed and explained. The results of this study are as follows: First, the origin of the modern European design is closely related to the industrial production technology of the society, and the industrial production technology has a very unique mechanism for the development of the modern European design. The history of the modern European design (the designer and the thinker) has experienced a process from rejection to full acceptance, and the transformation of the process is reflected in the design technology of the industrialization by the modern design movement participants of the early industrial and the subsequent industrialized countries, The difference in the cognitive and understanding of the design procedure and the aesthetic result in the fact that the real modernism in the design is not in the early industrial countries in Europe, but it is finally shaped in the following industrial countries. Second, the political system and economic policy of the European society also function in the origin of the modern design of Europe in a differentiated and complex way. The constitutional system and the liberalism of Western Europe have provided a loose ideological environment for their modern design movement, and therefore have active social and ideological expressions in the modern design movement of Western Europe (England), However, there is also a lack of organized support from the national level for its development. In contrast, in the middle and Eastern Europe, the centralization and nationalism of Eastern Europe have more obvious initiative and force for the modern design movement, and its function also has the double-sided ability: when the modern design movement is in line with its national political goal, it will have a great promotion effect in the short term, On the other hand, there is a clear barrier to its development, which is more pronounced in the long-term historical process. Similarly, the role of socio-economic policies in the development of modern European design is also complex, and the liberal market economy in Western Europe has promoted the prosperity of those with commercial nature in Europe, The monopoly of Eastern Europe and the planned control economy play a double role with the corresponding political system. In addition, the emergence and development of the modern European design not only has its objective social structure, but also bears the subjective historical and cultural meaning. On the basis of its own internal cultural beliefs, many of the participants in the modern design movement of Europe regard the design as an effective means of social reform and put forward their own improvement. And the European modern design also embodies the European cultural tradition that it inherited: rationalism and idealism. For the former, the industrialization of the modern European society is the technical expression of the rationalism culture, and its effect on the modern design is rational, and in addition, the modern design movement in Europe has also presented a gradual rationalization process in the treatment of the industrial production technology; The idealism of the modern European design is mainly embodied in the utopian spirit of the thinkers and practitioners of its various design movements, or they want to use the design to deal with the dissatisfaction of the real society, or hope to use it to realize the religion of the world. Through the above-mentioned exposition, it can be concluded that the origin and development mechanism of European modern design has its own historical uniqueness. The unique cause of its origin is set by the unique social structure caused by the social change of Europe, and the special value or meaning of its development is influenced by the traditional European social and cultural concept. In order to improve such a historical understanding, it is necessary to obtain by having the consciousness of turning from the historical narration to the historical analysis and a sociological theoretical field of view. In this field of view, the historical changes of the society and the cognition of the special social structure thus produced are the premise of the analysis, and on this premise, the historical figures of the main body are created as historical activities, The idea of interaction with the social background, together with their practice, has become the key to the decision of the European modern design process. As a result, this segment history can be avoided simply as being created by historical figures, and it also eliminates the fate of the year-by-year narrative that is simplified as a surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB47
本文編號(hào)：2425274
[Abstract]:The historical study of modern design is of great significance to the modern design, and the European modern design, which is one of the origin of modern design, has been the center of gravity of modern design history. The continuous investigation of the historical evolution of the modern design of Europe and its implicit internal evolution mechanism can enhance the understanding of modern design history and help the development of modern design itself in the future. Based on the research object of this kind of research, based on the historical and social science research criterion, this paper uses the historical sociology research method, this text regards the modern change of the European society as the background, through the production technology, the political system, the economic policy and the human's inner spiritual belief and other dimensions, In the typological sense, the social action mechanism and the historical causal relationship of the origin of the modern European design are analyzed and explained. The results of this study are as follows: First, the origin of the modern European design is closely related to the industrial production technology of the society, and the industrial production technology has a very unique mechanism for the development of the modern European design. The history of the modern European design (the designer and the thinker) has experienced a process from rejection to full acceptance, and the transformation of the process is reflected in the design technology of the industrialization by the modern design movement participants of the early industrial and the subsequent industrialized countries, The difference in the cognitive and understanding of the design procedure and the aesthetic result in the fact that the real modernism in the design is not in the early industrial countries in Europe, but it is finally shaped in the following industrial countries. Second, the political system and economic policy of the European society also function in the origin of the modern design of Europe in a differentiated and complex way. The constitutional system and the liberalism of Western Europe have provided a loose ideological environment for their modern design movement, and therefore have active social and ideological expressions in the modern design movement of Western Europe (England), However, there is also a lack of organized support from the national level for its development. In contrast, in the middle and Eastern Europe, the centralization and nationalism of Eastern Europe have more obvious initiative and force for the modern design movement, and its function also has the double-sided ability: when the modern design movement is in line with its national political goal, it will have a great promotion effect in the short term, On the other hand, there is a clear barrier to its development, which is more pronounced in the long-term historical process. Similarly, the role of socio-economic policies in the development of modern European design is also complex, and the liberal market economy in Western Europe has promoted the prosperity of those with commercial nature in Europe, The monopoly of Eastern Europe and the planned control economy play a double role with the corresponding political system. In addition, the emergence and development of the modern European design not only has its objective social structure, but also bears the subjective historical and cultural meaning. On the basis of its own internal cultural beliefs, many of the participants in the modern design movement of Europe regard the design as an effective means of social reform and put forward their own improvement. And the European modern design also embodies the European cultural tradition that it inherited: rationalism and idealism. For the former, the industrialization of the modern European society is the technical expression of the rationalism culture, and its effect on the modern design is rational, and in addition, the modern design movement in Europe has also presented a gradual rationalization process in the treatment of the industrial production technology; The idealism of the modern European design is mainly embodied in the utopian spirit of the thinkers and practitioners of its various design movements, or they want to use the design to deal with the dissatisfaction of the real society, or hope to use it to realize the religion of the world. Through the above-mentioned exposition, it can be concluded that the origin and development mechanism of European modern design has its own historical uniqueness. The unique cause of its origin is set by the unique social structure caused by the social change of Europe, and the special value or meaning of its development is influenced by the traditional European social and cultural concept. In order to improve such a historical understanding, it is necessary to obtain by having the consciousness of turning from the historical narration to the historical analysis and a sociological theoretical field of view. In this field of view, the historical changes of the society and the cognition of the special social structure thus produced are the premise of the analysis, and on this premise, the historical figures of the main body are created as historical activities, The idea of interaction with the social background, together with their practice, has become the key to the decision of the European modern design process. As a result, this segment history can be avoided simply as being created by historical figures, and it also eliminates the fate of the year-by-year narrative that is simplified as a surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB47
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
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，本文編號(hào)：2425274
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