【摘要】：線性體是自然景觀和人造景觀在圖像上的一種表現(xiàn)，通過(guò)色調(diào)反差、亮度變化、地形地貌的線狀排列等特征表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。線狀體中蘊(yùn)含許多在地質(zhì)應(yīng)用中具有十分重要作用的地質(zhì)專題信息，例如線狀構(gòu)造、環(huán)狀構(gòu)造、地層界線、地質(zhì)體界線、地震帶界線、礦化蝕變帶界線等。在作為線性體載體的眾多圖像數(shù)據(jù)源中，，衛(wèi)星影像是最為普及也是發(fā)展最為迅猛的一種。從衛(wèi)星影像上獲得線性體的傳統(tǒng)方法是目視解譯，其缺點(diǎn)是對(duì)從業(yè)人員要求很高、非常耗費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢，解譯結(jié)果的主觀性太強(qiáng)等，因而人們迫切要求利用計(jì)算機(jī)將目視解譯方法模擬成計(jì)算機(jī)的運(yùn)算模型從而達(dá)到自動(dòng)解譯的目的，以滿足從海量的衛(wèi)星遙感影像中快速獲取遙感信息的需求。本文以線性體的提取及利用為目標(biāo)，采用衛(wèi)星遙感影像，立足于融合方法、邊緣提取方法、線性體的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究，所得的主要成果及結(jié)論如下： （1）提出WBS融合方法�；赪rapping方法的離散曲波變換，提出了低頻子帶采用加權(quán)平均法、中間子帶采用最大區(qū)域邊緣信息度量法、高頻子帶采用替換法的多尺度融合策略。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明，WBS方法是一種適合噪聲較為嚴(yán)重的遙感影像的融合方法，可以使融合影像在保證光譜保持度與其它流行方法相當(dāng)?shù)那疤嵯�，清晰度、綜合質(zhì)量、結(jié)構(gòu)相似度等方面均遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于其它流行方法，與此同時(shí)，對(duì)噪聲的消除效果明顯。 （2）提出HSOD邊緣提取方法。采用高斯高通濾波代替常用的低通濾波法，使邊緣的識(shí)別度更高；使用最大類間方差法求閾值，實(shí)現(xiàn)了閾值的自動(dòng)化設(shè)定，且強(qiáng)弱閾值結(jié)合的方法減少了邊緣點(diǎn)的遺漏；經(jīng)基于八連接通路的邊緣連接方法使強(qiáng)弱邊緣點(diǎn)信息得以有機(jī)結(jié)合，邊緣信息更加準(zhǔn)確、完整。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明，相較傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)典的邊緣檢測(cè)方法LoG、Sobel、Canny在不同圖像復(fù)雜度和清晰度的影像上進(jìn)行的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示，無(wú)論是目視還是定量評(píng)價(jià)的結(jié)果，HSOD方法均更佳。 （3）提出一種衛(wèi)星遙感影像的自動(dòng)化解譯在地質(zhì)方面的解決方案�；诰�性體和地質(zhì)異常場(chǎng)特征之間存在本質(zhì)的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用前述研究的線性體提取方法，比較系統(tǒng)地提出了線性體提取結(jié)果在地學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方面的應(yīng)用模式，發(fā)展了比較完整的衛(wèi)星遙感影像的自動(dòng)化解譯在地質(zhì)方面的解決方案，并選擇了新疆柯坪隆起和青海祁漫塔格虎頭崖多金屬礦田為研究區(qū)，對(duì)該解決方案的有效性進(jìn)行了實(shí)踐驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Linear body is a kind of representation of natural landscape and artificial landscape on the image, which can be shown by contrast of tone, change of brightness, linear arrangement of landform and geomorphology and so on. The linear body contains a lot of special geological information which plays an important role in geological application, such as linear structure, ring structure, stratigraphic boundary, geological body boundary, seismic zone boundary, mineralization alteration zone boundary and so on. Among the many image data sources, satellite image is the most popular and rapidly developing. The traditional method of obtaining linear bodies from satellite images is visual interpretation. Its disadvantages are that it is very demanding to the practitioners, it is very time-consuming and expensive, and the result of interpretation is too subjective and so on. Therefore, it is urgent to use the computer to simulate the visual interpretation method into the computer operation model so as to achieve the purpose of automatic interpretation, in order to meet the needs of rapid acquisition of remote sensing information from massive satellite remote sensing images. This paper aims at the extraction and utilization of linear volume, adopts satellite remote sensing image, based on fusion method, edge extraction method and statistical analysis method of linear volume. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) WBS fusion method is proposed. Based on the discrete Qu Bo transform of the Wrapping method, a multi-scale fusion strategy is proposed, in which the weighted average method is used for the low frequency subband, the maximum region edge information is measured for the middle subband, and the substitution method is used for the high frequency subband. The experimental results show that the WBS method is a suitable fusion method for the noisy remote sensing images. It can make the fusion images with the same spectral retention as other popular methods, the clarity and the comprehensive quality of the fusion images can be achieved on the premise that the spectral retention degree is equal to that of other popular methods. The structural similarity is much better than other popular methods, at the same time, the effect of noise elimination is obvious. (2) HSOD edge detection method is proposed. Gao Si high-pass filter is used to replace the common low-pass filtering method to make the edge recognition degree higher, the maximum inter-class variance method is used to calculate the threshold value, the automatic setting of the threshold value is realized, and the combination of strong and weak threshold method reduces the omission of edge points. The information of strong and weak edge points can be combined organically by the method of edge connection based on eight join paths, and the edge information is more accurate and complete. The experimental results show that HSOD method is better than the traditional edge detection method LoG,Sobel,Canny in evaluating the quality of images with different image complexity and sharpness. (3) A geological solution for automatic interpretation of satellite remote sensing images is proposed. Based on the essential correlation between linear bodies and geological anomaly field characteristics, the application model of linear volume extraction results in geoscience statistical analysis is put forward systematically by using the linear volume extraction method mentioned above. A relatively complete automatic interpretation of satellite remote sensing images has been developed in the geological aspects of the solution, and the Xinjiang Keping uplift and Qimantag Tiger head Cliff Polymetallic Orefield have been selected as the study areas. The effectiveness of the solution is verified in practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP751

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