【摘要】：雙出桿孔隙式粘滯流體阻尼器是一種減振裝置。結(jié)構(gòu)振動時，，流體阻尼器產(chǎn)生阻尼力耗散能量，降低結(jié)構(gòu)在共振頻率附近的動態(tài)響應(yīng)，減弱節(jié)點的局部受力和變形量，保護結(jié)構(gòu)免受破壞。通常認(rèn)為流體不可壓縮，不考慮其剛度影響，但實際上流體是可壓縮的，動態(tài)時會產(chǎn)生附加剛度，從而影響流體阻尼器的動態(tài)性能。尤其是當(dāng)阻尼器內(nèi)混入空氣后其性能會有很大變化。故考慮流體可壓縮的流體阻尼器設(shè)計和性能研究對安全合理使用流體阻尼器來說是非常緊迫的。本文在考慮流體可壓縮性的基礎(chǔ)上建立和完善的阻尼力理論，采用合理的方法步驟簡化設(shè)計過程；性能研究主要是討論不同工況下流體阻尼器表現(xiàn)出的性能變化規(guī)律。 （1）針對目前國內(nèi)流體阻尼器研究和使用存在的問題開展本文的研究，包括阻尼力產(chǎn)生機理和流體阻尼器動態(tài)特性的研究。 （2）流體阻尼器按其結(jié)構(gòu)可分為多種類型，根據(jù)各類型特點選擇性能良好、使用范圍廣的雙出桿孔隙式流體阻尼器進行研究。介紹了流體阻尼器中流體的粘度隨剪切速率、溫度、外界壓力的變化規(guī)律。 流體的壓縮性是流體阻尼器產(chǎn)生動態(tài)附加剛度的主要原因。 （3）流體阻尼器在動態(tài)激勵下不僅表現(xiàn)出阻尼特性，而且還有剛度特性。但已有研究對附加剛度的影響大多基于試驗數(shù)據(jù)，對混有空氣的流體阻尼器性能的研究也不夠深入。在非線性串聯(lián)模型下，根據(jù)液壓流體力學(xué)理論推導(dǎo)了層流流況下的阻尼力計算公式和串聯(lián)液體彈簧的剛度。 通過能量等效原則得到體現(xiàn)消耗能量效率的線性阻尼系數(shù)，可將其與設(shè)計阻尼系數(shù)比較是否符合要求。 同樣通過能量等效原則線性化了串聯(lián)模型中的阻尼和剛度，并據(jù)此建立了一個線性并聯(lián)模型，直觀地反應(yīng)力中彈性力和阻尼力的大小。 （4）根據(jù)流體阻尼器試驗的功能要求設(shè)計并制造了流體阻尼器試驗臺。 （5）對不同流體介質(zhì)、阻尼孔直徑在不同頻率下進行了簡諧激勵和動態(tài)激勵試驗。驗證了本文阻尼力理論是正確的，并對一些影響阻尼器特性的因素進行了討論。 （6）介紹本文研究內(nèi)容的工程應(yīng)用價值。一是在設(shè)計理論和設(shè)計方法上的創(chuàng)新；二是對流體阻尼器模型的討論，判斷附加剛度的影響程度。
[Abstract]:The double-rod pore viscous fluid damper is a vibration absorber. When the structure vibrates, the fluid damper produces damping force dissipation energy, reduces the dynamic response of the structure near the resonance frequency, weakens the local force and deformation of the joints, and protects the structure from damage. It is generally considered that the fluid is incompressible and does not consider the influence of its stiffness, but in fact the fluid is compressible and will produce additional stiffness when it is dynamic, thus affecting the dynamic performance of the fluid damper. Especially when the damper is mixed with air, its performance will change greatly. Therefore, the design and performance study of fluid damper considering fluid compressibility is very urgent for the safe and reasonable use of fluid damper. In this paper, based on the consideration of compressibility of fluid, the damping force theory is established and perfected, and the design process is simplified by reasonable method. The performance research is mainly to discuss the performance variation law of fluid damper under different working conditions. The main contents are as follows: (1) this paper focuses on the problems existing in the research and application of fluid dampers, including the mechanism of damping force generation and the dynamic characteristics of fluid dampers. (2) fluid dampers can be divided into many types according to their structure. According to the characteristics of each type, the fluid dampers with good performance and wide range of use are selected for study. The variation of viscosity with shear rate, temperature and external pressure in fluid damper is introduced. The compressibility of the fluid is the main reason for the dynamic additional stiffness of the fluid damper. (3) the fluid damper exhibits not only damping characteristics but also stiffness characteristics under dynamic excitation. However, most of the studies on the effect of additional stiffness are based on experimental data, and the performance of air-mixed fluid dampers is not well studied. Based on the theory of hydraulic fluid mechanics, the formula of damping force in laminar flow and the stiffness of series liquid spring are derived under the nonlinear series model. According to the principle of energy equivalence, the linear damping coefficient, which reflects the energy efficiency, can be compared with the design damping coefficient. The damping and stiffness of the series model are linearized by the principle of energy equivalence, and a linear parallel model is established based on which the magnitude of the elastic force and the damping force in the force is intuitively reflected. (4) the fluid damper test rig is designed and manufactured according to the functional requirements of fluid damper test. (5) the harmonic and dynamic excitation tests of damping hole diameter in different fluid media are carried out at different frequencies. It is verified that the damping force theory is correct, and some factors affecting the dampers are discussed. (6) introduce the engineering application value of this paper. One is the innovation of design theory and design method, the other is the discussion of fluid damper model to judge the influence of additional stiffness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 俞德孚,劉曉璞,李曉雷;車輛懸架減振器外特性的高頻畸變與高頻設(shè)計[J];北京工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報;1988年S1期

2 歐進萍,何政,龍旭,吳斌,鄒向陽;振戎中學(xué)食堂樓耗能減震分析與設(shè)計(Ⅱ)──能力譜法與地震損傷性能控制設(shè)計[J];地震工程與工程振動;2001年01期

3 楊國華,李愛群,程文p<,葉正強;工程結(jié)構(gòu)粘滯流體阻尼器的減振機制與控振分析[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2001年01期

4 顧文彬;;凸輪機構(gòu)的摩擦磨損失效分析[J];紡織機械;2005年06期

5 趙川,潘文,葉燎原,楊曉東;摩擦耗能支撐裝置的性能及工程應(yīng)用[J];工程抗震;2004年03期

6 陳永祁;;工程結(jié)構(gòu)用液體黏滯阻尼器的漏油原因分析[J];鋼結(jié)構(gòu);2008年09期

7 陳韻;;基于Matlab和Pro/E的凸輪輪廓曲線精確設(shè)計[J];裝備制造技術(shù);2011年04期

8 劉季，周云;結(jié)構(gòu)抗震控制的研究與應(yīng)用狀況（上）──基礎(chǔ)隔震與耗能減震技術(shù)[J];哈爾濱建筑大學(xué)學(xué)報;1995年04期

9 劉季，周云;結(jié)構(gòu)抗震控制的研究與應(yīng)用狀況（下）──主動控制、混合控制及半主動控制[J];哈爾濱建筑大學(xué)學(xué)報;1995年05期

10 范欽海;高速鐵路的主要技術(shù)特征與高速動車組[J];機車電傳動;2003年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 賀李平;汽車減振器動態(tài)特性仿真技術(shù)研究[D];北京理工大學(xué);2010年

本文編號：2392858