【摘要】：隨著全球節(jié)能環(huán)保需求的增加,能夠利用太陽能、工業(yè)余熱、廢熱等低品位能源驅(qū)動的吸附式制冷技術(shù)成為工業(yè)界和學(xué)術(shù)界的研究熱點。物理吸附工質(zhì)對中的制冷劑主要包含純凈水和醇類,其優(yōu)點是不易燃易爆、對環(huán)境無污染,能夠降低對人類生活空間的不利影響;同時物理吸附工質(zhì)對很少出現(xiàn)隨著吸附循環(huán)次數(shù)的增加吸附性能衰減的現(xiàn)象。吸附制冷工質(zhì)對的吸附特性對系統(tǒng)的制冷性能影響很大,但是由于吸附工質(zhì)對的種類和生產(chǎn)規(guī)格不一,造成吸附性能和吸附方程各不相同,給吸附制冷系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計和運行造成了很大影響。針對此種現(xiàn)象本文對硅膠-水、活性炭-乙醇、分子篩-水和一種混合吸附工質(zhì)對的物理吸附性能進(jìn)行比較分析,并對以混合吸附工質(zhì)對為基礎(chǔ)的雙床吸附制冷系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了研究。首先搭建了吸附工質(zhì)對吸附性能測試試驗臺,通過對四組吸附工質(zhì)對進(jìn)行測試,比較分析解吸溫度對吸附工質(zhì)對解吸量和解吸速度的影響,并擬合出其各自吸附方程。利用Matlab編寫吸附工質(zhì)對靜態(tài)循環(huán)性能測試程序,模擬溫度與壓力的對應(yīng)數(shù)值,吸附終了溫度、解吸終了溫度、蒸發(fā)溫度和冷凝溫度對吸附工質(zhì)對靜態(tài)熱力性能的影響。利用Matlab/simulink搭建吸附工質(zhì)對動態(tài)吸附循環(huán)模型,模擬出系統(tǒng)循環(huán)的性能參數(shù),并與靜態(tài)參數(shù)對比,驗證動態(tài)模型的可行性,同時找出吸附工質(zhì)對對應(yīng)的最佳循環(huán)周期和驅(qū)動熱源溫度。利用Matlab/simulink搭建吸附工質(zhì)對對應(yīng)的動態(tài)吸附循環(huán)通用simulink程序,可以方便其它吸附工質(zhì)對的動態(tài)熱力性能預(yù)測。根據(jù)吸附工質(zhì)對的靜態(tài)和動態(tài)熱力性能分析,確定復(fù)合吸附工質(zhì)對合適的工作溫度區(qū)間和最佳循環(huán)周期,利用實驗擬合得到的吸附方程,設(shè)計出連續(xù)吸附制冷系統(tǒng)的吸附床、降膜蒸發(fā)器和盤管式冷凝器。最后利用各個部件的參數(shù)對連續(xù)吸附制冷系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真運行,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)蒸發(fā)器進(jìn)水口溫度是15℃時,制冷功率可以達(dá)到3kW,系統(tǒng)COP達(dá)到0.5,滿足低溫?zé)嵩打?qū)動的吸附式制冷機系統(tǒng)設(shè)計參數(shù)要求。
[Abstract]:With the increase of global energy saving and environmental protection demand, adsorption refrigeration technology, which can utilize solar energy, industrial waste heat, waste heat and other low-grade energy, has become a research hotspot in industry and academia. The refrigerants in the physical adsorption working fluid pair mainly contain pure water and alcohols, the advantages of which are not flammable and explosive, no pollution to the environment, and can reduce the adverse effects on human living space. At the same time, the physical adsorptive working pairs rarely appear the phenomenon of adsorption performance decay with the increase of the number of adsorption cycles. The adsorption characteristics of adsorption refrigerant pairs have a great influence on the refrigeration performance of the system. However, due to the different types and production specifications of adsorptive refrigerant pairs, the adsorption properties and adsorption equations are different. It has great influence on the design and operation of adsorption refrigeration system. The physical adsorption properties of silica gel-water, activated carbon-ethanol, molecular sieve-water and a mixture of adsorbents were compared and analyzed in this paper. The dual-bed adsorption refrigeration system based on the working pairs of mixed adsorbents was studied. At first, a test rig was set up to test the adsorption properties of adsorbed working fluids. The effects of desorption temperature on the desorption capacity and desorption rate were compared and analyzed, and their respective adsorption equations were fitted out. The static cycle performance of adsorbent was tested by Matlab. The corresponding values of temperature and pressure were simulated, and the effects of adsorption end temperature, desorption end temperature, evaporation temperature and condensation temperature on the static thermal performance were simulated. The dynamic adsorption cycle model is built by using Matlab/simulink. The performance parameters of the system are simulated and compared with the static parameters to verify the feasibility of the dynamic model. At the same time, the optimum cycle period and driving heat source temperature of the adsorbent pair were found out. The general simulink program for the dynamic adsorption cycle of adsorbent pairs is constructed by using Matlab/simulink, which can facilitate the prediction of the dynamic thermodynamic properties of other adsorbent pairs. According to the static and dynamic thermodynamic performance analysis of adsorptive working fluid pair, the suitable working temperature range and optimal cycle period of composite adsorbent working fluid are determined, and the adsorption bed of continuous adsorption refrigeration system is designed by using the adsorption equation fitted by experiment. Falling film evaporator and coil condenser. Finally, the continuous adsorption refrigeration system is simulated with the parameters of each component. It is found that when the inlet temperature of the evaporator is 15 鈩，

本文編號：2368379