發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-15 14:01

【摘要】：隨著表面改性技術(shù)和材料技術(shù)的發(fā)展,Ti C、Ti N、DLC等膜層和表面離子注入、表面二重硬化等強(qiáng)化層已經(jīng)在滾動(dòng)軸承和齒輪等典型摩擦副中廣泛應(yīng)用,尤其是長(zhǎng)期工作在高速、重載和高溫苛刻工況條件下或者面臨短時(shí)斷油特殊工況條件下的摩擦副。在面向工況的膜基體系設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中以經(jīng)驗(yàn)知識(shí)和試驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的試錯(cuò)法具有較大的盲目性和隨機(jī)性,目前膜層及表面強(qiáng)化層的摩擦學(xué)應(yīng)用尚缺乏公認(rèn)的設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則。為了研究獲得接觸副表面膜層和接觸表面微觀形貌對(duì)摩擦副接觸特性的影響規(guī)律,以便為膜層的應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)提供分析方法和理論指導(dǎo),首先提出了一種基于隨機(jī)交換系統(tǒng)的粗糙表面數(shù)值模擬新方法,模擬生成隨機(jī)粗糙表面為接觸模型提供表面數(shù)據(jù),然后基于半解析法建立了均質(zhì)膜膜基體系彈性點(diǎn)接觸模型,梯度膜膜基體系彈性點(diǎn)接觸模型以及考慮熱分配的均質(zhì)膜膜基體系熱彈性點(diǎn)接觸模型,并基于這些模型研究了膜層和接觸表面微觀形貌對(duì)接觸特性的影響。結(jié)合極坐標(biāo)法和Johnson轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng),提出了一種基于隨機(jī)交換系統(tǒng)的粗糙表面模擬新方法。通過(guò)采用迭代算法,模擬得到的粗糙表面的統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)與指定的統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)之間的偏差得到有效控制,而且克服了現(xiàn)有方法自相函數(shù)的擬合程度隨自相關(guān)長(zhǎng)度的增大而變差的不足,從而提高了模擬精度。對(duì)真實(shí)工程表面的模擬表明本文提出的模擬方法也可用于指數(shù)函數(shù)以外的自相關(guān)函數(shù)的粗糙表面模擬,擴(kuò)大了應(yīng)用范圍。由Papkovich-Neuber勢(shì)函數(shù)獲得了均質(zhì)膜膜基體系在表面機(jī)械載荷作用下彈性場(chǎng)的頻域解,并采用基于快速傅里葉變換的影響因子矩陣轉(zhuǎn)換算法轉(zhuǎn)換獲得與表面法向壓力和切向力相關(guān)的位移與應(yīng)力的影響因子矩陣,從而建立了球體與均質(zhì)膜膜基體系的三維彈性點(diǎn)接觸模型,并通過(guò)與赫茲接觸理論的解析解和有限元解的對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了模型的有效性�；诖藦椥越佑|模型研究獲得了膜層彈性膜量、厚度及接觸表面粗糙形貌對(duì)接觸壓力和次表層接觸應(yīng)力分布的影響規(guī)律。通過(guò)引入傅里葉積分變換進(jìn)一步推導(dǎo)了指數(shù)型梯度膜膜基體系在表面機(jī)械載荷作用下彈性場(chǎng)的頻域解,并采用影響因子矩陣轉(zhuǎn)換算法轉(zhuǎn)換獲得了梯度膜膜基體系與表面壓力和切向力相關(guān)的位移和應(yīng)力的影響因子矩陣,從而將均質(zhì)膜膜基體系的接觸模型推廣應(yīng)用到梯度膜膜基體系的接觸模型,并通過(guò)與均質(zhì)膜膜基體系接觸模型的解和有限元解的對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了模型的有效性。基于梯度膜膜基體系彈性點(diǎn)接觸模型研究獲得了梯度膜表面彈性模量和膜厚對(duì)接觸壓力和次表層接觸應(yīng)力的影響規(guī)律,并與均質(zhì)膜的影響規(guī)律做了對(duì)比分析。最后本文還考慮了摩擦熱對(duì)均質(zhì)膜膜基體系點(diǎn)接觸特性的影響。采用傅里葉積分變換推導(dǎo)了均質(zhì)膜膜基體系在表面摩擦熱源等作用下的溫升及熱彈性場(chǎng)的頻域解,然后采用影響因子轉(zhuǎn)換算法轉(zhuǎn)換獲得與表面熱源相關(guān)的表面溫升、熱位移和熱應(yīng)力的影響因子矩陣,從而通過(guò)引入基于接觸界面真實(shí)接觸區(qū)溫度連續(xù)的熱分配模型進(jìn)一步建立了考慮摩擦熱分配的均質(zhì)膜膜基體系三維熱彈性點(diǎn)接觸模型,并針對(duì)沒(méi)有膜層的接觸問(wèn)題通過(guò)本模型的解與前人的研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了模型的有效性。基于此熱彈性接觸模型研究獲得了滑動(dòng)速度、摩擦系數(shù)、膜層熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)、膜層熱膨脹系數(shù)及接觸表面粗糙形貌對(duì)接觸壓力、接觸表面溫升、膜基體系表面熱流及次表層接觸應(yīng)力的影響規(guī)律。本文所建立的模型和方法將對(duì)苛刻復(fù)雜工況下長(zhǎng)壽命摩擦副表面膜層和強(qiáng)化層設(shè)計(jì)、固液復(fù)合潤(rùn)滑狀態(tài)分析、壽命預(yù)測(cè)和失效模式轉(zhuǎn)換預(yù)測(cè)等提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of surface modification technology and material technology, the enhancement layers such as Ti C, Ti N, DLC and the like have been widely used in typical friction pairs such as rolling bearings and gears, especially for long-term work at high speed, Under the condition of heavy-load and high-temperature severe working conditions or under special working conditions of short-time oil-off oil, the friction pair is under the condition of special working conditions. In the process of design and development of the membrane-based system facing the working condition, the trial-and-error method based on the experience knowledge and the test is of great blindness and randomness, and the tribological application of the film layer and the surface strengthening layer is not well recognized as the design criterion. in ord to study that influence of the micro-morphology of the contact surface film and the contact surface on the contact property of the friction pair, in order to provide the analytical method and the theoretical guidance for the application design of the film layer, a new method of rough surface numerical simulation based on a random exchange system is proposed, in that method, a random rough surface is simulate to provide surface data for the contact model, and then the elastic point contact model of the film-based system of the uniform film, the elastic point contact model of the gradient film-based system and the thermal elastic point contact model of the uniform film-based system are established based on the semi-analytical method, The effects of the morphology of the film and the contact surface on the contact properties are studied based on these models. In this paper, a new method of rough surface simulation based on the random exchange system is proposed in combination with the polar coordinate method and the Johnson conversion system. By adopting the iterative algorithm, the deviation between the statistical parameters of the rough surface obtained by the simulation and the specified statistical parameter is effectively controlled, and the deficiency of the fitting degree of the self-phase function of the prior method with the increase of the autocorrelation length is overcome, and the simulation accuracy is improved. The simulation of the real engineering surface shows that the simulation method proposed in this paper can also be used for rough surface simulation of the autocorrelation function other than the exponential function, and the application range is expanded. The frequency domain solution of the elastic field under the action of the surface mechanical load is obtained by the Papkovich-Neuber potential function, and the influence factor matrix of the displacement and the stress related to the surface method to the pressure and the tangential force is obtained by using the influence factor matrix conversion algorithm based on the fast Fourier transform, The three-dimensional elastic point contact model of the sphere and the membrane-based system is established, and the validity of the model is verified by the comparison of the analytical solution with the Hertz contact theory and the finite element solution. Based on this elastic contact model, the influence of the film thickness, the thickness and the contact surface roughness on the contact pressure and the contact stress distribution of the subsurface layer was obtained. in that invention, the frequency domain solution of the elastic field of the exponential-type gradient film-based system under the action of surface mechanical load is further derived by introduce the Fourier integral transform, and the influence factor matrix of the displacement and the stress related to the surface pressure and the tangential force is obtained by using the influence factor matrix conversion algorithm, so that the contact model of the uniform film membrane-based system is applied to the contact model of the gradient membrane-based system, The validity of the model is verified by the comparison of the solution of the contact model with the membrane-based system and the finite element solution. The influence of the elastic modulus and the film thickness on the contact pressure and the contact stress of the subsurface layer was obtained based on the elastic point contact model of the gradient film-based system. In the end, the effect of the friction heat on the point contact properties of the membrane-based system was also considered. The frequency-domain solution of the temperature rise and the thermal elastic field of the membrane-based system of the uniform film under the action of the surface friction heat source is derived by the Fourier integral transformation, and then the influence factor matrix of the surface temperature rise, the thermal displacement and the thermal stress related to the surface heat source is obtained by using the influence factor conversion algorithm, so as to further establish a three-dimensional thermal elastic point contact model for the uniform film film-based system taking into account the friction heat distribution by introducing a thermal distribution model which is based on the real contact area temperature of the contact interface, and the validity of the model is verified by the comparison of the solution of the model and the previous research results for the contact problem without the film layer. The influence of the sliding speed, the friction coefficient, the heat transfer coefficient of the film layer, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the film layer and the roughness of the contact surface on the contact pressure, the temperature rise of the contact surface, the surface heat flow of the film-based system and the contact stress of the sub-surface layer were obtained based on the thermal elastic contact model. The model and method established in this paper will provide the theoretical basis for the long-life friction pair surface film layer and the reinforcement layer design, the solid-liquid composite lubrication state analysis, the life prediction and the failure mode conversion prediction under the severe and complicated working conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.2

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