【摘要】：產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)是產(chǎn)品開發(fā)過程中的創(chuàng)造性階段，，其本質(zhì)是一個(gè)基于既有知識(shí)產(chǎn)生新知識(shí)的過程。在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域，大約70%的設(shè)計(jì)工作為自適應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)和變型設(shè)計(jì)，新產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)大約60%以上的工作都基于以往經(jīng)驗(yàn)展開。因此，如何將已有的設(shè)計(jì)資源組織起來，當(dāng)有新的任務(wù)需求時(shí)，通過完全重用或部分修改的方式開展設(shè)計(jì)成為提升產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)效率和質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵問題。然而，目前設(shè)計(jì)重用領(lǐng)域的研究工作主要集中于對(duì)以往設(shè)計(jì)活動(dòng)和設(shè)計(jì)資源的挖掘、表達(dá)、管理以及通用的設(shè)計(jì)重用服務(wù)兩個(gè)方面，對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)過程重用的研究較少，設(shè)計(jì)重用方法自動(dòng)化程度較低，無法將設(shè)計(jì)人員從大量重復(fù)性工作中解放出來。針對(duì)以上問題，本文提出了支持設(shè)計(jì)重用的知識(shí)組件方法，并對(duì)知識(shí)組件構(gòu)建過程中的參數(shù)推理、求解器集成以及知識(shí)組件組合等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）針對(duì)現(xiàn)有設(shè)計(jì)重用方法的不足，提出了支持設(shè)計(jì)重用的知識(shí)組件方法，設(shè)計(jì)了知識(shí)組件的結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)知識(shí)組件各組成部分以及相互之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的說明，在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了知識(shí)組件的調(diào)用方式。通過實(shí)例證明了該方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)自動(dòng)服務(wù)于設(shè)計(jì)過程，大大減少設(shè)計(jì)人員的重復(fù)性勞動(dòng)。 （2）針對(duì)知識(shí)組件運(yùn)行過程中，輸入?yún)?shù)值的變化往往會(huì)引起許多非預(yù)期的負(fù)面影響，輸入?yún)?shù)值的確定需要設(shè)計(jì)人員具備全面設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)的問題，提出了基于因果模型的參數(shù)推理方法。首先分析了參數(shù)推理模型，在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合模型推理思想，提出了因果模型的定義。通過因果模型自動(dòng)推理出有效的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)，并通過啟發(fā)式搜索算法選擇出需要的參數(shù)方案。 （3）針對(duì)企業(yè)在求解器部署、維護(hù)、升級(jí)等方面成本較高，并且分布式求解器無法得到統(tǒng)一管理的問題，提出基于應(yīng)用虛擬化的知識(shí)組件求解器集成方法。分析了知識(shí)組件運(yùn)行中常用求解器的執(zhí)行過程，在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了基于應(yīng)用虛擬化技術(shù)的求解器部署方式、流交付機(jī)制以及求解器服務(wù)器負(fù)載均衡機(jī)制。 （4）針對(duì)知識(shí)組件封裝層次低，無法有效支持多子任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)過程中設(shè)計(jì)重用的問題，提出了面向設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)的知識(shí)組件組合方法。首先基于知識(shí)組件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)了知識(shí)組件組合框架，其次基于Flex實(shí)現(xiàn)了知識(shí)組件組合體的可視化建模，最后研究了知識(shí)組件組合體的執(zhí)行方式并以實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了知識(shí)組件組合方法可以為多子任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)過程中設(shè)計(jì)重用提供有效支持。 （5）基于上述理論和方法，設(shè)計(jì)并開發(fā)了知識(shí)組件構(gòu)建與執(zhí)行系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)知識(shí)組件組成元素、求解器、知識(shí)組件、知識(shí)組件組合體的綜合管理，驗(yàn)證了通過知識(shí)組件實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)重用的有效性。
[Abstract]:Product design is a creative stage in the process of product development, and its essence is a process of producing new knowledge based on existing knowledge. In the field of product design, about 70% of the design work is adaptive design and variant design, and more than 60% of the new product design work is based on previous experience. Therefore, how to organize the existing design resources, when there are new task requirements, design through the way of complete reuse or partial modification becomes the key problem to improve the efficiency and quality of product design. However, at present, the research work in the field of design reuse mainly focuses on the mining, expression, management and general design reuse services of the past design activities and design resources. Design reuse methods are less automated and can't liberate designers from a lot of repetitive work. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a knowledge component method to support design reuse, and studies the key technologies such as parameter reasoning, solver integration and knowledge component composition in the process of building knowledge components. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the shortcomings of the existing design reuse methods, a knowledge component method supporting design reuse is proposed, and the structure of the knowledge component is designed. In this paper, the components of knowledge component and the relation between them are explained in detail, and then the method of calling knowledge component is analyzed. It is proved by an example that the design knowledge can automatically serve the design process and greatly reduce the repetitive work of the designers. (2) in the process of knowledge component running, the change of input parameter value often causes many unexpected negative effects. The determination of input parameter value requires designer to have overall design knowledge. A parameter reasoning method based on causality model is proposed. First, the parametric reasoning model is analyzed, and the definition of causality model is put forward based on the thought of model reasoning. The effective design parameters are automatically inferred by causality model, and the required parameters are selected by heuristic search algorithm. (3) aiming at the problem that enterprises have high cost in the deployment, maintenance and upgrade of solver, and the distributed solver can not be managed uniformly, a knowledge component solver integration method based on application virtualization is proposed. Based on the analysis of the execution process of common solvers in the running of knowledge components, the deployment mode of solvers, the flow delivery mechanism and the load balancing mechanism of solver server based on application virtualization technology are studied. (4) aiming at the low level of knowledge component encapsulation, which can not effectively support design reuse in the process of multi-task design, a design task oriented knowledge component composition method is proposed. Firstly, the framework of knowledge component composition is designed based on the structure of knowledge component. Secondly, the visual modeling of knowledge component assembly is realized based on Flex. Finally, the execution mode of the knowledge component assembly is studied, and an example is given to verify that the knowledge component composition method can provide effective support for design reuse in the process of multi-task design. (5) based on the above theories and methods, a knowledge component construction and execution system is designed and developed. The system realizes the comprehensive management of the components of knowledge components, solvers, and knowledge component combinations, and verifies the effectiveness of reusing design through knowledge components.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB472

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