加裝非線性隔震裝置的變壓器抗震分析與樣機(jī)仿真研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-08 14:24
【摘要】：由于變壓器重達(dá)上百噸,特高壓變壓器甚至重達(dá)上千噸,且新的重型超高壓變壓器仍在研發(fā)推廣中,而地震波的頻率較低,方向隨機(jī)性很大,傳統(tǒng)的線性隔震器已經(jīng)逐漸不能很好的滿足實(shí)際需要。線性隔震器對(duì)于高頻信號(hào)有很好的隔震效果,盡管借助主動(dòng)隔振技術(shù)雖然能滿足低頻隔振的要求,但其對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定性要求較高,且對(duì)于變壓器這種“傻笨粗”的重型電氣設(shè)備而言,成本高,維護(hù)和操作起來(lái)復(fù)雜。因此結(jié)合現(xiàn)有變壓器抗震工程實(shí)際,開展低頻被動(dòng)隔震研究,設(shè)計(jì)用于變壓器低頻隔震的非線性隔震器對(duì)變壓器抗震工程實(shí)際具有重要的實(shí)際意義。本論文從曹慶杰教授于2006年提出的一種幾何非線性SD振子理論出發(fā),建立一個(gè)新的準(zhǔn)零剛度隔振模型,設(shè)計(jì)一種用于變壓器低頻隔震的幾何非線性兩級(jí)準(zhǔn)零剛度隔震裝置,結(jié)合理論推導(dǎo)、數(shù)值計(jì)算和虛擬樣機(jī)仿真技術(shù)對(duì)該裝置進(jìn)行論證。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,基于SD振子理論,建立了一個(gè)幾何非線性準(zhǔn)零剛度模型,該模型由被隔震體、兩個(gè)斜拉彈簧和水平直線軌道組成。研究了該模型的非線性力-位移特性和剛度特性,分析了簡(jiǎn)諧加速度波激勵(lì)下的幅頻曲線,對(duì)加速度傳遞率及位移傳遞率進(jìn)行了推導(dǎo),并討論了不同敏感參數(shù)對(duì)上述兩個(gè)指標(biāo)的影響。其次,對(duì)地震波作用下的幾何非線性準(zhǔn)零剛度理論模型使用龍格-庫(kù)塔方法進(jìn)行了數(shù)值近似計(jì)算,得到了不同系統(tǒng)參數(shù)對(duì)加速度傳遞率的影響,最后以加速度傳遞率為目標(biāo)計(jì)算得出了適用于變壓器隔震裝置的最佳物理參數(shù)。最后,依據(jù)數(shù)值計(jì)算得最佳參數(shù),對(duì)幾何非線性兩級(jí)準(zhǔn)零剛度隔震裝置進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。針對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)利用多剛體動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件ADAMS進(jìn)行了虛擬樣機(jī)仿真,仿真模擬了水平地震波激勵(lì)下的三個(gè)典型方向,即X軸向、Y軸向和與軸向呈45?方向。得到了此三個(gè)方向地震波激勵(lì)下的響應(yīng)指標(biāo),驗(yàn)證了前述理論推導(dǎo)和數(shù)值計(jì)算的準(zhǔn)確性。同時(shí),為了與線性隔震系統(tǒng)作對(duì)比,文末對(duì)等效的兩級(jí)隔震裝置也進(jìn)行了樣機(jī)仿真分析。最終得出結(jié)論,幾何非線性兩級(jí)準(zhǔn)零剛度隔震裝置比線性兩級(jí)隔震裝置的隔振頻率更低,共振峰抑制效果更好,能更有效的隔離地震波,從而保證變壓器安全可靠、有效地運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:Since transformers weigh hundreds of tons, UHV transformers even weigh thousands of tons, and new heavy-duty UHV transformers are still being developed and popularized, the frequency of seismic waves is low and the direction is very random. The traditional linear isolator has been unable to meet the actual needs. Linear isolator has good isolation effect for high frequency signal. Although active vibration isolation technology can meet the requirements of low frequency vibration isolation, it requires high stability of control system and environment. And for this kind of "stupid thick" heavy electrical equipment, the cost is high, maintenance and operation is complicated. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to design the nonlinear isolator used in the low-frequency isolation of transformers based on the existing seismic engineering of transformers, and to carry out the research on passive isolation of low-frequency and low-frequency transformers, which is of great practical significance to the aseismic engineering of transformers. Based on a geometric nonlinear SD oscillator theory proposed by Professor Cao Qingjie in 2006, a new quasi-zero stiffness isolation model is established, and a geometric nonlinear two-stage quasi-zero stiffness isolation device is designed for low frequency transformer isolation. Combined with theoretical derivation, numerical calculation and virtual prototype simulation technology, the device is demonstrated. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, based on SD oscillator theory, a geometric nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness model is established, which is composed of isolated body, two cable-stayed springs and horizontal linear track. The nonlinear force-displacement characteristics and stiffness characteristics of the model are studied. The amplitude-frequency curves excited by harmonic acceleration waves are analyzed, and the acceleration transfer rate and displacement transfer rate are derived. The effects of different sensitive parameters on the above two indexes are discussed. Secondly, the geometric nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness model under the action of seismic waves is numerically approximate calculated by Runge-Kutta method, and the influence of different system parameters on the acceleration transfer rate is obtained. Finally, the optimum physical parameters for transformer isolation device are calculated with acceleration transfer rate as the target. Finally, according to the optimum parameters of numerical calculation, the structural design of the two-stage quasi-zero stiffness isolation device with geometric nonlinearity is carried out. Virtual prototype simulation is carried out by using multi-rigid body dynamics software ADAMS, and three typical directions under horizontal seismic wave excitation are simulated, namely X axis, Y axis and 45? Direction. The response indexes of the three directions are obtained, and the accuracy of the theoretical derivation and numerical calculation is verified. At the same time, in order to compare with the linear isolation system, the equivalent two-stage isolation device is simulated and analyzed at the end of the paper. Finally, it is concluded that the vibration isolation frequency of the geometric nonlinear two-stage quasi zero stiffness isolation device is lower than that of the linear two-stage isolation device, the resonance peak suppression effect is better, and the seismic wave isolation is more effective, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the transformer. Run effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB535.1
本文編號(hào)：2318742
[Abstract]:Since transformers weigh hundreds of tons, UHV transformers even weigh thousands of tons, and new heavy-duty UHV transformers are still being developed and popularized, the frequency of seismic waves is low and the direction is very random. The traditional linear isolator has been unable to meet the actual needs. Linear isolator has good isolation effect for high frequency signal. Although active vibration isolation technology can meet the requirements of low frequency vibration isolation, it requires high stability of control system and environment. And for this kind of "stupid thick" heavy electrical equipment, the cost is high, maintenance and operation is complicated. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to design the nonlinear isolator used in the low-frequency isolation of transformers based on the existing seismic engineering of transformers, and to carry out the research on passive isolation of low-frequency and low-frequency transformers, which is of great practical significance to the aseismic engineering of transformers. Based on a geometric nonlinear SD oscillator theory proposed by Professor Cao Qingjie in 2006, a new quasi-zero stiffness isolation model is established, and a geometric nonlinear two-stage quasi-zero stiffness isolation device is designed for low frequency transformer isolation. Combined with theoretical derivation, numerical calculation and virtual prototype simulation technology, the device is demonstrated. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, based on SD oscillator theory, a geometric nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness model is established, which is composed of isolated body, two cable-stayed springs and horizontal linear track. The nonlinear force-displacement characteristics and stiffness characteristics of the model are studied. The amplitude-frequency curves excited by harmonic acceleration waves are analyzed, and the acceleration transfer rate and displacement transfer rate are derived. The effects of different sensitive parameters on the above two indexes are discussed. Secondly, the geometric nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness model under the action of seismic waves is numerically approximate calculated by Runge-Kutta method, and the influence of different system parameters on the acceleration transfer rate is obtained. Finally, the optimum physical parameters for transformer isolation device are calculated with acceleration transfer rate as the target. Finally, according to the optimum parameters of numerical calculation, the structural design of the two-stage quasi-zero stiffness isolation device with geometric nonlinearity is carried out. Virtual prototype simulation is carried out by using multi-rigid body dynamics software ADAMS, and three typical directions under horizontal seismic wave excitation are simulated, namely X axis, Y axis and 45? Direction. The response indexes of the three directions are obtained, and the accuracy of the theoretical derivation and numerical calculation is verified. At the same time, in order to compare with the linear isolation system, the equivalent two-stage isolation device is simulated and analyzed at the end of the paper. Finally, it is concluded that the vibration isolation frequency of the geometric nonlinear two-stage quasi zero stiffness isolation device is lower than that of the linear two-stage isolation device, the resonance peak suppression effect is better, and the seismic wave isolation is more effective, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the transformer. Run effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB535.1
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